Joelma Pereira
Regional Communications Officer
West Africa

Malaria, pneumonia and diarrhea are most common causes child morbidity and mortality in Niger. World Vision as an international faith based and child focus organization could not stay indifferent to this cause of child death. As a result, it decided to partner with World Health Organization (WHO) who launched the RAcE programme in 2015 in five African countries - Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Niger, and Nigeria - in 2013 to implement iCCM (Integrated Community Case Management) approach.

In Niger the project is called NICe-RAcE (Niger Integrated Child Health) which seeks to expand on the gains made under the Catalytic Initiative and rollout of by extending iCCM to households (beyond 5 km of a health facility) through community health volunteers (referred to as Relais Communautaire or RCom).

According to the NICe-RAcE second annual project report in June 2015, 831 trained RComs have received 153,201 sick children whereas among them 120,083 were treated from malaria, pneumonia and diarrhea.

Two weeks ago I had the privilege to meet a very especial RCom. When I met Aminou Moumouni, I found him in front of his house in an improvised space called “Hangar”, he arranged to receive his patients. That day was a very busy one for him but he was kind enough to give me a few minutes of his precious time to share his story. “I became an RCom when the village committee chose me and after passing the test of iCCM training provided by trainers from District Hospital and Chiefs of Health Centers in December 2013. Since then I have screened and treated more than 300 children in my village. My dream is to become the first village doctor but for that to come true I know that I need more qualifications and practice in this field,” Says Aminou Moumouni, a 30 years old RCom of Kourfan Tsaouna village 7 kilometer from Dogondoutchi town.

Aminou Moumouni adds, "initially people in the village were not sure if I could really treat their children. Very few parents use to bring their children but overtime the number and the frequency increased. Today I don’t even have time to go to the farm. Almost every day I either have to follow up a case or see a new one”

While I was there Zouera Soumaila, a mother of 5 children, brought her son Almoustapha (age 2) for a follow up. “When I first saw little Almoustapha he had malaria and pneumonia. After treatment with ASAQ 25mg/67.75 mg and with amoxicillin 250mg, his health has improved considerably,” says Aminou with confidence.

“In the past I had to walk 7 kilometers to reach the health centre and then wait for long hours for my child to be seen by a medical staff. Now I have this service at my door step with the guarantee that my children will receive drugs and better treatment,” says Zouera Soumaila smiling and holding little Almoustapha.

"Since Aminou Moumouni started his work, we never received a cases of malaria, pneumonia and diarrhea in children (with ages between 2 to 59 months) from Kourfan Tsaouna village. The RCom reduced our work load at the Integrated Health Centre. RComs are well training and equipped to do their job. For example each RCom has in his box a stock of drugs, which will last him a month. The drugs are: Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), Arthesunate Amodiaquine, Paracetamol and a thermometer to measure the fever. To treat pneumonia they have Amoxicillin and a timer to contact respiratory movements. To treat diarrhea they have Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORS) and Zinc and to measure malnutrition they have a balance to weight of children. The stock is closely monitored and replaced by the RCom supervisor at the integrated health centre during his monthly visits,” says Mrs. Boubacar Haoua is in charge of integrated health centre five years.

Aminou’s mother Rahamou Nadiguido (47 years old) recalls the pain of losing two children because she didn’t had the means to treat then. "Aminou’s older and younger brother died at a very young age simply because I couldn't effort to treat them. This was very common, I know a lot of women that loss children in this village for the same cause. My son’s job is honorable and effective, I’m really proud of him,” says Rahamou after inviting me to eat they local porridge made out of local millet.

Today World Vision can demonstrate through health district data that NICe-RAcE project has contributed for the reduction of morbidity and mortality among children aged between 2 to 59 months in three health districts of Dosso region (Boboye, Dogodoutchi and Dosso). The iCCM service can be consider a luxury one, even in the development countries and people like Aminou are around for a short period of time, that’s why RCom should be integrated in the national health structure to continue to provide the most needed health service to the vulnerable children and families in the rural communities of Niger.

Kaduna, Nigeria | AFP | Thursday 11/26/2015 - 16:25 GMT

by Aminu ABUBAKAR

Zainabu Ali cradles her infant son Ibrahim in her arms as he sleeps in a three-bedroom house that she shares with about 20 family members in the north Nigerian city of Kaduna.

The family fled Izghe in Borno state in February 2014, when Boko Haram fighters dressed in military uniform stormed the village and slaughtered 106 people, including an elderly woman.

While the memory of what happened is still fresh far away from the village, the 30-year-old mother of seven now fears a more immediate threat.``

"I need to eat good and adequate food for the infant to get enough breast milk and I'm afraid he may become malnourished if my condition doesn't improve," she told AFP.

"I don't get enough food, so how can he get enough milk? I have not eaten since morning. This can affect his health but what can I do?"

According to WomanBeing International, a charity based in the northern city of Kano which recently visited camps for those displaced by Boko Haram violence, malnutrition has become a serious problem.

"Signs of malnutrition... are present in more than 60 percent" of the 8,000 children living in the 20,000-strong Dalori camp in the Borno state capital Maiduguri as a result of poor diet," the charity said in a recent report.

"With only a meal of rice and some watery/oily fluid for lunch and dinner, one would expect a better health situation for IDPs (internally displaced persons) in this camp.

"The children have the same type of meal three times a day, regardless of their age," added the report seen by AFP.

• Hard choice -

Some 10 percent of the two million or so Nigerians internally displaced by the six-year conflict now live in camps, according to the International Organization for Migration.

But it is outside the camps, since the remaining 90 percent are staying with friends and family, where there is increasing concern about food and assistance.

"Their major problem is food. Honestly, they have no food," said Idris Mohammed, a local chief in the Kaduna suburb of Barakallahu who coordinates the trickle of assistance from individuals.

"The second problem is school for their children who have been out of school for two years."

Zainabu's mother-in-law Hadiza Saleh said they are faced with a hard choice.

"We either stay here in deprivation or move back home and risk Boko Haram bullets. For almost two years we have been staying here no-one has given us any food aid," she said.

Underlining the threat from Boko Haram, a female suicide bomber disguised as a displaced person killed eight people on the outskirts of Maiduguri on Sunday.

The mostly women and children had arrived in the city from Dikwa, 90 kilometres (56 miles) away, as the town had been short of supplies, including food, NEMA said.

Even in the camps safety is not guaranteed. In Yola, the capital of Adamawa state, a home-made bomb exploded in September, killing seven.

Asabe Adamu sits cross-legged on the floor of a dingy room in a decrepit mudhouse, a worn-out rug on the rough, broken cement floor and old clothing hanging from crumbling walls.

For the past year, the 48-year-old widow from Gamboru Ngala has survived on handouts.

Her husband and eldest son were killed when Boko Haram gunmen stormed Gamboru, on the border with Cameroon in a remote corner of Borno state.

She, too, fears going home even with the town now back in government control but she said life has become impossible for her and her eight remaining children in Kaduna.

"We can't afford to live in Kaduna because I have no trade to support my children but returning home now is not possible because of the insecurity there as Boko Haram are on the prowl," she said.

• Deadline, breadline -

In Kaduna, the state government refused to open camps on security grounds, according to one security source. The result has been difficulties in aid reaching the displaced.

Adamu said she received some food aid from Nigeria's main relief body the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) four months ago -- but it was not enough.

Fears of hunger have spread to places seized back by the military in Borno and the neighbouring states of Yobe and Adamawa, where some of the displaced have returned.

With aid agencies concentrating on the distribution of food in the camps, missed harvests and the inability to plant crops in the mainly agricultural region risks thousands going hungry.

Now generosity is drying up in host communities already struggling with poverty and joblessness.

"We were getting some assistance from sympathetic individuals but such assistance has almost stopped coming in," said Adama Uluba, 37, who fled the Borno town of Gwoza in August 2014.

Another worry is money to renew the rent.

Adamu said her landlord served her an eviction notice when her tenancy expired three months ago and she was unable to pay.

Nigeria's President Muhammadu Buhari has given the military a December deadline to end the insurgency, which has killed at least 17,000 people since 2009.

Adamu for one is hoping the army is successful.

"I'm living on a two-month reprieve and my hope is for the military to secure the whole of northeast by December so that I return to my home, otherwise I may end up in the streets," she said.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

In the face of the global El Nino and other crises, leaders at the national, regional and international levels have an unprecedented opportunity and responsibility to address the underlying causes of food insecurity and guarantee that the most vulnerable children and communities get a head start through an immediate, effective, global response to prevent loss of life and livelihoods. Only such a response can ensure that no one is left behind and that countries can meet their commitments outlined in the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development[1] and secure a hunger-free world for children.

To ensure no one is left behind World Vision recommends:

1. FIND NEW MONEY TO FUND EMERGENCIES

The gap between humanitarian needs and available funding is the largest it has been in 10 years. Breaks in global food assistance pipelines due to funding shortages cannot remain an option; it simply deepens an existing emergency in the hope of mitigating the effects of another emergency, with the world’s most vulnerable children paying the price.

1. SAVE LIVES AND PROTECT LIVELIHOODS

Preventing poor nutrition in the first 1000 days of a child’s life (from conception to age 2) must be a priority as poor nutrition during this period can have lifelong, irreversible physical and cognitive consequences. Urgently needed are investments in health services; targeted supplementary feeding programmes to both prevent and treat child undernutrition, social protection measures such as cash transfers and public work programmes, and livelihoods support.

1. BUILD LONG TERM RESILIENCE

A hunger-free world requires building household and community food security and resilience to phenomena like El Niño. This means greater investments in child-sensitive national safety nets programmes, national disaster risk management and climate change adaptation policies and systems and greater support for sustainable, profitable, agricultural livelihoods strategies for small-holder farmers.

[1] Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development consists of 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets adapted in September 2015 as a new universal Agenda, which seeks to build on the Millennium Development Goals: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld

PROJECTED FOOD ASSISTANCE NEEDS FOR MAY 2016

This brief summarizes FEWS NET’s most forward-looking analysis of projected emergency food assistance needs in FEWS NET coverage countries. The projected size of each country’s acutely food insecure population (IPC Phase 3 and higher) is compared to last year and the recent five-year average and categorized as Higher ( S), Similar ( X), or Lower ( T). Countries where external emergency food assistance needs are anticipated are identified. Projected lean season months highlighted in red indicate either an early start or an extension to the typical lean season. Additional information is provided for countries with large food insecure populations, an expectation of high severity, or where other key issues warrant additional discussion. Analytical confidence is lower in remote monitoring countries, denoted by “RM”. Visit www.fews.net for detailed country reports.

Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso | Thursday 11/26/2015 - 20:45 GMT

by Patrick FORT / Romaric Ollo HIEN

After a rocky year that saw Burkina's people rise up to oust a longtime leader and then repel a military coup, the west African nation on Sunday elects a new president in a vote hailed as a fresh start for the country.

"We will ensure that true democracy is consolidated in Burkina Faso," interim leader Michel Kafando said last month as the nation of 20 million people geared up to elect a new leader for the first time in almost three decades.

Security will be tight with the authorities deploying between 20,000 and 25,000 troops to ward off the threat of a jihadist attack, following two recent assaults against police barracks on the country's long western border with troubled Mali.

"There is no such thing as a zero security risk," junior minister for security Alain Zagre told AFP, saying "patrols will be practically multiplied by three" and all of the country's security forces mobilised during the vote.

Little more than a year ago, in October 2014, then ruler Blaise Compaore fled the country after 27 years at the helm after being toppled by a popular uprising that lasted less than 48 hours.

A handsome former army officer known as "Beau Blaise", Compaore took power by force in 1987.

His ouster offered a rare moment of people-power in sub-Saharan Africa, where military coups are more often the flavour of the day.

"Blaise get out!" protesters chanted at the time, riled by Compaore's attempt to change the constitution in a bid to extend his grip on power.

• Coup foiled -

Now exiled in neighbouring Ivory Coast, Compaore himself took office when revolutionary former comrade-in-arms Thomas Sankara -- a legendary African leader who came to be known as "Che Sankara" -- was gunned down in a coup Compaore is now widely believed to have orchestrated.

Sankara put the accent on schools and health and women's rights in a country that is poor even by African standards. It was under Sankara that it began to host Africa's biggest film festival, FESPACO.

In September this year, weeks before a presidential vote originally scheduled for October, elite army leaders close to Compaore made a bid to seize power in a putsch.

Once again angry people took to the streets, foiling the military coup. Its leaders were thrown behind bars and the presidential and general elections delayed to November 29.

A total of 14 candidates are running for president, a five-year mandate now limited to two terms in office under recent legislation enacted to entrench the two-term rule in the constitution.

To bolster the legitimacy of the next head of state, members of the interim government have been banned from standing as have all those who backed Compaore's bid for a third term, as well as members of his Congress for Democracy and Progress party (CDP).

The pro-Compaore CDP is still fielding candidates in the parliamentary elections and is expected to do well in parts of the country traditionally behind "Beau Blaise".

In the race for the presidency, seven of the 14 contenders were once close to Compaore, including the two favourites for the job -- Roch Marc Christian Kabore and Zephirin Diabre.

Kabore worked side-by-side with Compaore for 26 years -- serving as premier, parliament speaker and CDP party chief -- before falling out of favour and quitting the ruling party months before the collapse of the regime.

Diabre, an economist, opted for an international career but also served at home as minister of economy and finance. He at one point joined the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) with support from Compaore.

He later became a vocal opponent of Compaore and was particularly active in rousing support for the street protests that toppled the former leader.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

History

Since May 2013, Southeastern Niger (Diffa region) has witnessed an influx of tens of thousands displaced persons from Northern Nigeria following the declaration of the state of emergency in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa States in Nigeria on 14 May 2013. The displaced population is seeking shelter in the families and villages of Niger. In December 2014, due to the violent attacks by insurgents in Bosso and the lake chad region, the increased influx gave precedence to construct the SAYAM forage camp. The camp has a capacity to host 10,000 people extendable to 20,000. Nevertheless, UNHCR ensures that transfer to the camp is made on a voluntary basis.

Since May 2013, Southeastern Niger (Diffa region) has witnessed an influx of tens of thousands displaced persons from Northern Nigeria following the declaration of the state of emergency in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa States in Nigeria on 14 May 2013. The displaced population is seeking shelter in the families and villages of Niger. In December 2014, due to the violent attacks by insurgents in Bosso and the lake chad region, the increased influx gave precedence to construct the Keblewa camp.The camp has a capacity to host 10,000 people extendable to 20,000. The majority of camp residents are nationals of Niger.

Latest: physical verification exercise was conducted in the camp of Kabelewa.

Niamey, Niger | AFP | Thursday 11/26/2015 - 13:46 GMT

Eighteen people were killed and 100 homes torched in an attack in the dead of night by Nigeria's Boko Haram fighters on a southeastern village, local authorities told AFP on Thursday.

"The toll is 18 dead, 11 hurt, almost 100 homes burned down" in the village of Wogom late Wednesday, the mayor of the nearby town of Bosso, Bako Mamadou, told AFP.

A humanitarian worker said the Islamists came from Nigeria and crossed the Komadougou Yobe river, the border between Niger and Nigeria.

Armed jihadists and suicide bombers from Nigeria's Boko Haram Islamist group have staged repeated attacks since February in Niger's southeast Diffa region near Nigeria, leaving hundreds of people dead.

The United Nations has registered around 50 attacks and clashes between Islamist fighters and Niger troops since February.

The last came in late October when they shot dead 13 people in a village near Diffa.

Some 150 schools with more than 12,000 pupils have been forced to close due to the attacks in the southeast.

This week Africa's prime fashion event, the FIMA festival in the capital Niamey, was called off on the eve of its launch over fears of terror attacks.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

Niamey, Niger | AFP | jeudi 26/11/2015 - 17:27 GMT

Dix-huit villageois ont été tués et onze autres blessés mercredi soir par des membres du groupe islamiste Boko Haram, à Wogom, un village situé près de la ville de Bosso, dans le sud-est du Niger à la frontière avec le Nigeria, ont indiqué les autorités locales.

"Le bilan est le suivant: 18 morts, 11 blessés, près de 100 habitations brûlées", a affirmé à l'AFP Bako Mamadou, le maire de Bosso.

Selon M. Mamadou, 13 personnes ont été tuées par balles, trois autres ont été égorgées et deux sont mortes calcinées dans l'incendie de leur maison.

"Les assaillants sont venus du Nigeria et ont juste traversé la rivière Komadougou Yobé", qui sert de frontière naturelle entre le Niger et le Nigeria, a précisé à l'AFP une source humanitaire.

Fin octobre, Boko Haram avait exécuté 13 villageois et blessé trois autres par balles dans un village près de Diffa, la capitale de cette région du sud-est nigérien.

Depuis février, Boko Haram multiplie les attaques autour de Diffa, frontalière du nord-est du Nigeria, fief des insurgés islamistes, alors que l'armée peine à contenir ses incursions.

L'ONU a répertorié, depuis le 6 février, une cinquantaine d'attaques de Boko Haram ou affrontements impliquant ses combattants avec l'armée nigérienne dans le sud-est nigérien.

Le 27 octobre, le Parlement avait voté une loi autorisant le gouvernement à "reconduire pour trois mois" l'Etat d'urgence décrété en février dans la zone.

"Le problème le plus important auquel nous avons affaire, c'est le contrôle de la zone frontière côté Nigeria", avait justifié Hassoumi Massaoudou, le ministre nigérien de l'Intérieur, devant les députés.

"La menace persiste et elle a évolué vers la pose de mines, le harcèlement des troupes et les attaques-suicides avec utilisation de femmes" kamikazes, avait alors résumé un député, Maïdadji Issa.

Les attaques des islamistes ont provoqué la fermeture de plus de 150 écoles et contraint plus de 47.000 personnes à fuir leurs villages situés sur les bords de la Komadougou Yobé, selon l'ONU.

Au Nigeria, l'insurrection de Boko Haram et sa répression ont fait au moins 17.000 morts et plus de 2,5 millions de déplacés depuis 2009.

bh/ck/cyj

© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

DONNEES CLES

150,220 Réfugiés enregistrés depuis janvier 2014.

71 647 Réfugiés vivent dans les sites.

69 002 Réfugiés vivent en dehors des sites.

9571 Réfugiés enregistrés à Yaoundé et Douala.

13,168 Réfugiés enregistrés depuis Janvier 2015.

258 582 Réfugiés centrafricains au total au Cameroun

FINANCEMENT

145, 304,541 USD Requis par les Agences des Nations unies et les ONGs pour couvrir l’ensemble des besoins

PRIORITES

 Gérer la sécurité et le potentiel de conflit de façon à préserver l’asile.
 Enregistrement biométrique.
 Soutenir l’administration de l’Etat pour une plus grande prise de responsabilités dans la gestion des réfugiés, y compris la sécurité, la gestion du territoire et des sites.
 Impliquer l’Etat, en particulier le PNDP, dans une gestion plus systématique de l’autonomisation socio-économique et le développement local en y incluant les communautés hôtes.

DONNEES CLEES

92 658 Personnes Déplacées Internes.

63 598 * Réfugiés vérifiés et préenregistrés par le HCR depuis Mai 2013.

47 746 Réfugiés vivant au camp de Minawao.

25 143 Nouveaux arrivés enregistrés par le HCR depuis Janvier 2015.

• Ce chiffre comprend 15 852 réfugiés identifiés hors camp à l’issue de l’exercice de profilage.

FINANCEMENT

USD 62, 799,052 Requis par les agences et les partenaires pour couvrir l’ensemble des besoins dans le cadre du « 2015 Refugee Response Plan »

PRIORITES

 Projet d’adduction d’eau de Mokolo.
 Monitoring de la frontière.
 Vérification et enregistrement des arrivés spontanées.
 Construction d’abris familiaux et approvisionnement du camp de Minawao en eau potable.  Réponse aux besoins

Abuja, Nigeria | AFP | Thursday 11/26/2015 - 14:48 GMT

Senior military, security and intelligence figures in Nigeria on Thursday questioned President Muhammadu Buhari's December deadline for an end to the Boko Haram conflict, calling it "unrealistic".

The Centre for Crisis Communication, a research and advisory body independent of government, said the deadline was "not tenable" given the continued wave of bombings in the northeast.

Buhari, who came to power in May, has made crushing the six-year rebellion a priority and in August gave his military commanders until the year-end to defeat the Islamists.

But the CCC executive secretary, retired Air Commodore Yusuf Anas, told reporters in Abuja there was a real concern about Boko Haram's persistent targeting of civilian "soft targets".

Anas said he was not against imposing targets on the military but added: "It must also be stated that this target date might be unrealistic.

"This submission is predicated on the fact that asymmetric warfare which Boko Haram is prosecuting against Nigeria is not such that can be easily stamped out by the armed forces."

The Boko Haram insurgency, which has been raging for six years and has left at least 17,000 dead, has previously seen a succession of declarations predicting an end to the violence.

In March this year, the government under Buhari's predecessor Goodluck Jonathan said it had begun the "final onslaught" against the Islamic State group affiliate.

Jonathan himself told the BBC in an interview on March 20 he hoped it would "not take us more than a month" to recapture territories lost to the rebels.

The CCC, which includes members of the military, police and intelligence agencies, said the December date should not be seen as "sacrosanct when all suicide bombings will end".

Buhari himself has said he was confident the deadline would be met -- but only on Boko Haram's "conventional" assaults.

But he told AFP in an interview in Paris on September 16: "What may not absolutely stop is the occasional bombings by the use of improvised explosive devices.

"We do not expect a 100 percent stoppage of the insurgency."

ola-phz/ccr

© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

Depuis 2012, le Mali est confronté à une crise complexe et multidimensionnelle. Dans le Nord, le conflit a affecté les activités agro-pastorales locales qui constituent les principales sources de revenus pour la population rurale dans le cercle de Ménaka, ainsi que les activités économiques quotidiennes et l'approvisionnement alimentaire des réseaux commerciaux locaux.

ACTED, avec le soutien d’OFDA, a pour objectif de stimuler le rétablissement des populations agro-pastorales à Ménaka. Répondant aux besoins de relèvement à court et moyen terme en liant la réponse à l’urgence avec la réhabilitation et le développement, ACTED appuiera les ménages vulnérables à reconstruire leurs moyens de subsistance.

Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso | AFP | jeudi 26/11/2015 - 18:06 GMT

Environ 25.000 membres des forces de sécurité sont déployés dans le pays pour assurer la sécurité du scrutin présidentiel de dimanche au Burkina Faso pour prévenir tout risque d'attentat, a affirmé jeudi à l'AFP le ministre délégué à la Sécurité Alain Zagré.

Le Burkina Faso, pays sahélien de 20 millions d'habitants, a une longue frontière commune avec le Mali où a eu lieu l'attaque meurtrière contre l'hôtel Radisson Blu à Bamako le 20 novembre.

Deux gendarmeries du nord du pays ont été attaquées en août et en octobre dans des opérations "où il y a eu mort d'homme à chaque fois" et un ressortissant roumain a été enlevé dans le nord également en mai.

Ces attaques ont été attribuées à des jihadistes et de source diplomatique on estime "possible" des attentats.

"Il y a entre 20 à 25.000 hommes mobilisés. Nous sommes plus près de 25.000", a déclaré M. Zagré, soulignant que des "militaires et paramilitaires à la retraite" avaient également été réquisitionnés.

"En ce qui concerne les frontières et la menace extérieure, nous avons accru le nombre d'hommes, augmenté le matériel et nous avons pratiquement multiplié par trois nos patrouilles. Nous faisons appel aussi au vecteur aérien" (surveillance aérienne), a souligné M. Zagré.

"Nous mutualisons nos efforts avec nos voisins en termes d'échange de renseignements. La France avec l'opération Barkhane contribue à la sécurité du Burkina et nous échangeons avec les Français", a-t-il ajouté.

L'opération Barkhane mobilise 3.500 hommes pour lutter contre les jihadistes et s'étend sur une zone couvrant cinq pays : Mauritanie, Mali (environ 1.300 hommes), Niger, Tchad et Burkina Faso.

Sur le plan intérieur, "toutes les forces burkinabè ont été mobilisées: armée, gendarmerie, polices nationale et municipales, agents des eaux et Forêts, des douanes de l'administration pénitentiaire, sapeurs-pompiers (...) Des postes de commandement opérationnel ont été installés dans les 45 provinces du pays", a ajouté le ministre.

"Nous avons des opérations coup de poing dans toutes les villes avec des vérifications d'identité, des contrôles de véhicules mais aussi des ratissages dans certains secteurs potentiellement criminogènes", a précisé M. Zagré.

"Le risque sécuritaire zéro n'existe pas. Des pays bien plus nantis que nous, ayant des moyens plus importants de surveillance, de traque, de destruction et de détection, ont quand même été surpris (...) mais nous avons tellement monté le niveau de vigilance que nous avons minimisé au maximum les risques possibles de déstabilisation", a-t-il estimé.

Le ministre a précisé que l’ensemble du dispositif était prévu pour la campagne électorale, le jour du scrutin et une période de quinze jours suivant la proclamation des résultats.

Il a déclaré que la sécurité des 16.000 observateurs était assurée et que les bureaux de vote ainsi que les urnes et les compilations de vote seraient protégés.

Quatorze candidats sont en lice pour la présidentielle de dimanche qui doit clore la "transition" ouverte après la chute de Blaise Compaoré, chassé par la rue en octobre 2014 après 27 ans au pouvoir.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

Situation overview

The operational context in Diffa has profoundly changed during 2015. Three key moments reflect the degradation of the humanitarian situation and the security context, these include : February, with the first attacks by Boko Haram perpetrated on Nigerien soil in ; May with the massive increase in the IDP problem following the evacuation of the Lake Chad Islands by the authorities; and from August until now, the increase of Boko Haram attacks on the Niger territory. UNCHR estimate (through the examination of food distribution lists) that more than 40,000 people have been affected by the evacuation of the Lake Chad Islands. As regards to both preventive and post-attacks movements since August, according to exisiting information including field visits, DREC registration, partners reports etc. an additional 70,000 persons are estimated to have been affected (mainly IDPs). This is while the needs of more than 138,000 displaced people coming from Nigeria have not yet been met. The degradation of the security situation has made the situation far more complex, while many host families are themselves becoming part of the displaced IDP population, reducing the absorption capacities of the host community

Observations :

• La complétude du reportage au cours de la semaine 45 est de 83,4% pour les CRENI/AS et 82,2% pour les CRENAM. Les données publiées ici correspondent aux données reçues avant le jour de la publication et des mises à jour pourraient avoir lieu dans les prochaines publications.

• Au cours de la semaine 45, les CREN ont admis 8 142 enfants souffrant de la malnutrition aiguë sévère (MAS) dont 1 435 avec des complications médicales et 8 072 enfants souffrant de la malnutrition aiguë modérée (MAM). Comparativement à la semaine 44, nous observons une légère baisse dans les admissions de 3% et de 9% pour les CRENI et pour les CRENAM respectivement tandis qu’il y a une légère hausse de 1% dans les admissions au niveau des CRENAS.

• A la date du 09 novembre 2015, au total 302 306 enfants de moins de cinq ans ont été admis dans les CREN pour cas sévères (MAS) dont 41 638 MAS avec des complications médicales et 352 721 souffrant de la malnutrition aiguë modérée (MAM). Ces chiffres représentent 82,1% et 52,5% de la cible de 2015 respectivement pour la prise en charge des enfants souffrant de la MAS et de la MAM.

• Comparativement à la même période en 2014 (semaine 45), les admissions ont baissé en 2015 de 7% pour les CRENAS (18 518 enfants) et de 6% pour les CRENAM (23 754 enfants) tandis qu’elles ont légèrement augmenté de 1% pour les CRENI (256 enfants).

• Nous attirons l’attention des responsables des centres de surveillance (CSE, SPIS) sur une mise à jour continue des données afin que nous puissions avoir une appréciation plus proche de la situation réelle en cette période de pic de paludisme.

• Les données sont compilées et transmises par les DRSP.