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Mali: She wants to create security in Mali

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Source: DanChurchAid
Country: Mali

Feeling insecure is a feeling that Fatoumata Maiga knows all too well. Today the 25 year old mother works to increase security for the people in central Mali

The bus left Sévaré in central Mali around noon, but already near a small town just 25 km. away it was stopped by armed security forces. The authorities had forbidden men in that area from travelling with public transport to the capital, Bamako, so there were almost only women and children on the bus, but also one single man had tried to escape Sévaré.

The security forces didn’t trust anyone. All men could be Jihadis.

Fatoumata Maiga saw the man be pulled off the bus, while the soldiers pointed at him with their guns. A woman cried, out of herself:

“Don’t take my brother, don’t take my brother. He isn’t a Jihadi.”

A man got shot

25 year old Madam Fatoumata Maiga had had to leave her husband in Sévaré, even though the town was in a state of panic.

100 meters from the bus stop, five people had been killed shortly before the bus left, and another man was thrown to the ground down and shot in front of the passengers when the bus left the station.

“His body jumped up and down,” says Fatoumata, and pushes her chest in and out to show what it looked like when the shots hit the man.

The panic was due to the armed Jihadis from the North who had overtaken large parts of Mali in record time and now were only 45 minutes from Sévaré. People who were suspected of being Jihadis lived dangerously.

Fatoumata had her two children with her in the bus. One of them was an infant; the oldest was almost two years old. Fatoumata’s little sister, sister-in-law and the sister-in-law’s children were also along.

“We didn’t know if we would ever get to Bamako,” she said.

Armed Violence Reduction

Part of DanChurchAid's programme in Mali is about Armed Violence Reduction - reducing armed violence, which prevent development in the country.

A large survey has been conducted showing that small arms are widespread in Mali, and the population do not trust the authorities to guarantee security following the armed conflict in 2012 and 2013.

DanChurchAid is engaging with communities and trying to find solutions to problems such as road robberies and conflicts between farmers and cattle breeders. Part of the solution is to restore confidence in the authorities.

No trust in authorities

Fortunately the family arrived in the capital after dark.

Today it is two years since Fatoumata had to leave her husband and flee to the capital. The French military intervened shortly afterward and the Jihadis were forced to retreat.

Today, Fatoumata is back in Sévaré, but that doesn’t mean, unfortunately, that all is well in Mopti Province. Even though the Jihadis are gone, the lack of security for the population is still a problem. A lot of weapons were left behind by the Jihadis when they fled, and the civil population has unfortunately often chosen to collect them.

They don’t trust the authorities to protect them, as they have seen with their own eyes that soldiers dropped their weapons and fled when the Jihadis arrived.

That is why they choose to protect themselves.

People buy weapons for both self-defense and hunting, but sales have fallen since the conflict in 2013 because of all the cheap industry produced weapons in circulation.

Weapons causes insecurity

The many weapons in circulation have created problems with road robbery. At the same time, old conflicts about access to land and to water for grazing cattle now develop with fatal consequences.

That is why DanChurchAid has a project to increase security in the region. That’s the project that Fatoumata has been a part of since it started in April last year. She works in a team of employees who, in close cooperation with the local communities try to improve security. The project is about having a dialogue with the communities in order to find solutions.

“After the conflict I wanted to work on the armed violence and DanChurchAid the only NGO that works with it in the area. I want to help so we together can create a better community,” she says.

The work requires Fatoumata to be away from her family for a month or two at a time, which was a problem especially at the beginning, when her son was very little and couldn’t do without his mother. That’s why she chose to take her son into the field with her.

“I work for such an important cause that I think that it was worthwhile to have to have him with me,” she says.

Together we can create security

In Mali the women often stay at home with the family while the men work, but Fatoumata has a husband who understands his wife’s need to do something for the community.

“I am a women with a family, so it is very satisfying that I can help anyway,” she says.

Today Fatoumata sits in her house in Sévaré and thinks back to the bus trip to Bamako at the beginning of 2013. The man who was pulled out of the bus and suspected of being a Jihadi showed his ID card and fortunately was allowed to get back on the bus again.

The French forces pressed the Jihadis back before Sévaré was taken, and her husband wasn’t hurt. The Jihadis still create major problems in northern Mali, but in Mopti Province it is more peaceful. If only it could be absolutely safe there would be a basis for more development in the area says Fatoumata.

“People feel so vulnerable, but together we can create security,” she says.

You can read more about the security projects in Mali here.


World: Addressing Humanitarian Effectiveness, Southasiadisasters.net issue no. 121, December 2014

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Source: All India Disaster Mitigation Institute
Country: Indonesia, Mali, World

World: African Risk Capacity elects first African GM, as it pays out US $25 million in drought insurance claims.

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Source: African Union
Country: Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, World

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 24 January 2015: “The implementation of the Africa’s Disaster Risk Reduction adopted in 2004, has led not only to a paradigm shift from crises management to risk management, but also increased awareness, political commitment and strengthened institutional, legislative, and policy frameworks, capacities, tools and mechanisms for Disaster Risk Management, including early warning and disaster preparedness for response.”

African Union Commission Chairperson, H.E. Dr. Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma said during the official opening of the third African Risk Capacity (ARC) Conference of the Parties on Saturday, 24 January 2015, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Dr. Dlamini Zuma recognized the rage of natural and human-induced hazards and associated risks and disasters, with droughts and floods being the major ones severely impacting the Continent. She said, “The 2010-2011 drought condition which affected over 13 million people in the Horn of Africa and 16 million in the Sahel is a clear indication of how severe and devastating drought could be.”

The African Risk Capacity Agency (ARC), an AU Specialized Agency established in November 2012, will through the ARC Insurance Company Limited (ARC Ltd), payout US $25 million in drought insurance claims to three countries, Mauritania, Niger and Senegal. These countries of the Sahel region, which paid a combined premium of US $8 million, will use the payout to mobilize early interventions in response to drought based on pre-approved contingency plans.

“The payouts of US$ 25 million this year were released even before an appeal for aid to the Sahel was even formulated.” The World Food Programme Africa Director, Mr. Thomas Yanga, said during the opening ceremony. He also lauded the ARC Agency as a flagship project of the African Union and the United Nations.

The 3rd ARC Conference of the Parties also elected Mr. Mohamed Beavogui of Guinea as first African General Manager of the Africa Risk Capacity Agency. He will serve a four-year term of office beginning September 2015. He takes over from interim General Manager, Dr Richard Wilcox, credited to quickly establish the ARC, by transforming an idea into an institution.

In her remarks, the AU Commission Chairperson equally congratulated the Governing Board, the Interim Director General and the ARC staff, for building an effective, solid and responsive institution in such a short time.

Establishment in November 2012 through by the World Food Programme and African Union Commission, ARC currently has 25 member countries.

JEE/

Mauritania: GIEWS Country Brief: Mauritania 22-January-2015

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Source: Food and Agriculture Organization
Country: Mali, Mauritania

FOOD SECURITY SNAPSHOT

  • Irregular rains affected crops and pasture in 2014

  • Humanitarian assistance continues to be needed, including for Malian refugees

Cereal production affected by irregular rains

Growing conditions for rain-fed crops and pastures have been poor in several parts of the country, due to irregular rains at the beginning of the cropping season in June/July which delayed plantings and subsequent erratic precipitation through August. Dieri (rain-fed) production, which represents about one-fourth of total cereal production in a normal year, is most affected. However, the drop in Dieri (rain-fed) production has been offset by an increased output of irrigated crops. As a result, a joint CILSS/FAO/WFP Crop Assessment Mission, which visited the country recently, estimated 2014 aggregate cereal production at some 301 000 tonnes, slightly below last year’s harvest but 17 percent above average. However, the erratic rains affected pasture regeneration and water points’ level in several pastoral areas of the country, notably in Hodh El Chargui, Hodh El Ghrabi, Brakna and Tagant regions.

Somalia: Impact assessment report for the regional initiative in support of pastoralists and agro pastoralists in the Horn of Africa (RISPA)

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Source: Intergovernmental Authority on Development, European Union, Food and Agriculture Organization
Country: Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Horn of Africa comprising Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda covers approximately 5.2 million square kilometers with more than 65% of the land receiving less than 500mm of rainfall annually. This region is home to over 217 million people with diverse and rich culture, resources and opportunities which have enabled them to harness livelihoods over the years.

However as the region is increasingly confronted by climatic, demographic, political, social and economic changes; new challenges and immense opportunities for the people and governments are emerging. The Region is subject to protracted crises caused mainly by frequent droughts, conflicts and insecurity, high human population growth, land pressure and high food prices, exposing the population to increasing levels of vulnerability. This is further aggravated by low investments over the years especially in the drought prone areas, unfavorable policies, poor quality and access to services and infrastructure.

Following the drought crisis of 2010-2011 in the HoA region, it was recognized that there was need for holistic and focused investment to enhance linkages between policy and practice for change and enhanced resilience among (agro) pastoralists. It was acknowledged that there were substantive actions that needed to be undertaken to consolidate the efforts made by communities, their traditional institutions, governments and partners aimed at reducing vulnerability among (agro) pastoralists. The FAO Regional Office HoA put together a proposal and submitted it to the European Commission’s Food Security Thematic Programme (FSTP) for consideration.

It is out of this proposal that the Regional Initiative in Support of Pastoralists and Agro-pastoralists (RISPA) in the Horn of Africa (RISPA) project was funded through the signature of a standard Contribution Agreement between the European Union and the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO-UN), Agreement No DCI-FOOD/2010/250711. The FAO Regional Office and the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), coordinated the implementation of this cross-border, regional policy and institutional support project across the Horn of Africa and in particular in the countries of Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda and Kenya.

The Project supported community action plans, government coordination structures and regional policies/ institutions in support of pastoral livelihoods in order to strengthen the resilience of agro-pastoral and pastoral communities and to diversify their livelihoods strategies and options. The following is a summary of the Project’s objectives and expected results over a period of 3 years (November 2010- February 2014).

Mali: Three killed in protest against UN in Mali: government

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Source: Agence France-Presse
Country: Mali

Bamako, Mali | AFP | Tuesday 27/1/2015 - 13:27 GMT

Three people were killed in northern Mali on Tuesday as thousands rallied against the United Nations military mission in the restive west African nation, government and hospital sources said.

"Here in the morgue in Gao we have at least three dead protesters, some killed by gunshot wounds... There are also several serious injuries," a hospital official told AFP.

An official in the ministry for security and civil protection confirmed "the deaths of at least three civilians who were among the protesters".

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Mali: Trois tués dans une manifestation contre la Mission de l'ONU (hôpital et gouvernement)

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Source: Agence France-Presse
Country: Mali

Bamako, Mali | AFP | mardi 1/27/2015 - 13:39 GMT

Trois personnes ont été tuées mardi à Gao, dans le nord du Mali, pendant une manifestation contre la Mission de l'ONU au Mali (Minusma), accusée de tenter d'affaiblir des groupes armés soutenant le gouvernement contre les rebelles, a appris l'AFP de sources concordantes.

"Ici à la morgue de Gao, nous avons au moins trois manifestants morts, dont certains par balle", a déclaré à l'AFP un responsable de l'hôpital, faisant état de "plusieurs blessés graves". Un responsable du ministère de la Sécurité a confirmé "la mort d'au moins trois civils qui étaient parmi les manifestants".

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Mali: Mali Situation Funding Update Final 2014 (23 January 2015)

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, Niger


World: Global Emergency Overview Snapshot 21-27 January 2015

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Source: Assessment Capacities Project
Country: Afghanistan, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, occupied Palestinian territory, Pakistan, Philippines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Uganda, Ukraine, World, Yemen

Snapshot 21-27 January

Nigeria: Boko Haram attacks continue, with Borno state capital Maiduguri and nearby military bases targeted on 25 January. Security forces pushed BH back from Maiduguri, but further attacks are expected. BH also raided villages in Michika local government area, Adamawa state. There are reports that BH has forbidden the use of vehicles in areas under its control.

Ukraine: 13–21 January has been the deadliest period since the ceasefire declaration of 5 September. The death toll had increased by 200 since the beginning of January, with at least 5,086 people killed in total as of 21 January. 10,948 people have been wounded. The number of IDPs has increased by almost 50,000 since 14 January.

Updated: 27/01/2015. Next update: 03/02/2015

Global Emergency Overview Web Interface

Mali: West Africa Funding Update Final 2014 (23 January 2015)

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Senegal

Niger: La BAD alloue 61 millions de dollars au Niger pour endiguer l’insécurité alimentaire

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Source: African Development Bank
Country: Niger

Le Groupe de la Banque africaine de développement (BAD) montre son engagement à assurer la sécurité alimentaire dans la région du Sahel en vue de renforcer la résilience des populations vulnérables dans cette région, notamment au Niger, en allouant 61 millions de dollars à ce pays.

L’opération a été formalisée mardi 27 janvier 2015, au siège de la Banque à Abidjan, par la signature de deux accords, entre l’institution et le gouvernement du Niger. Le premier financement porte sur un montant de 42 millions de dollars, dont environ 21 millions sous forme de prêt et 21 millions sous forme de don. Le deuxième accord est relatif à un don d’environ 19 millions de dollars.

Pour le vice-président de la BAD par intérim, chargé des opérations régionales, Janvier Litsé cosignataire pour l’institution, il s’agit d’une volonté affirmée d’aller de l’avant et de lutter contre la pauvreté. « Ces deux programmes de renforcement de la résilience à l’insécurité alimentaire et des systèmes socioécologiques sont des opérations stratégiques pour tout le Sahel et particulièrement pour le Niger,» a-t-il dit, précisant que les interventions seront orientées sur une série d’actions prioritaires intégrant la maîtrise de l’eau, la protection de l’environnement, l’amélioration de la production et la productivité agricole.

Pour sa part, le ministre du Plan, de l’Aménagement du territoire et du Développement communautaire du Niger, Amadou Boubacar Cissé, s’est félicité «de la conclusion de ces deux importants accords pour notre pays, visant la réalisation d’un programme multinational de résilience à la sécurité alimentaire au Sahel». « Ces deux programmes sont essentiels dans la stratégie globale de développement de notre région et nous réitérons notre gratitude à toute la Banque », a déclaré le ministre, soulignant que «la conclusion de ces nouvelles opérations traduit la pertinence de notre dialogue avec la BAD et des efforts que nos deux parties déploient ».

Depuis 1970, début des opérations de la BAD au Niger, note-t-on, ses interventions cumulées se chiffrent à près d’un milliard de dollars.

Niger: AfDB and Niger sign two agreements totalling $61 million to reduce food insecurity

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Source: African Development Bank
Country: Niger

The African Development Bank Group is firmly committed to ensuring food security in the Sahel region, especially in Niger, to strengthen the resilience of vulnerable populations in this region.

On Tuesday, January 27, 2015, the Bank and the Government of Niger signed two agreements at the Bank's Abidjan headquarters. The first signature was for $42 million – $21 million in loans and $21 million as a grant. The second agreement relates to a grant equivalent of approximately $19.2 million.

Janvier Litse, AfDB Acting Vice-President responsible for Regional Operations, co-signed on behalf of the Bank. He said the agreements demonstrate a clear desire to move forward and fight poverty: "These two programmes to build socio-economic systems and resilience against food insecurity are strategic operations for the whole Sahel and particularly for Niger," he said, adding that interventions will be focused on a series of priority actions involving water management, protection of the environment, and improving agricultural production and productivity.”

Niger's Minister of Planning, Land Use Planning and Community Development Amadou Boubacar Cissé welcomed "these two important agreements for our country, for the implementation of a multi-national food security resilience programme in the Sahel. These two programmes are essential parts of our region's overall development strategy and we reiterate our gratitude to the whole Bank."

The Minister emphasised that "reaching an agreement on these two new operations reflects the relevance of our dialogue with the AfDB and of the efforts both parties are making."

The AfDB's total operations in Niger, since it started operations in that country in 1970, amount to approximately $1 billion.

Liberia: UNHCR Liberia Factsheet - December 2014

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, Mali, Sierra Leone, Syrian Arab Republic

Highlights

2 Community peace halls were donated to refugee host communities

150 Refugees graduate from livelihood programs at two camps

1,120 Refugees receive health education on HIV/AIDS and other topics

4,404 Primary and pre -primary children received learning materials for use at home

Mali: Dozen killed in suicide attack against Mali rebels: security sources

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Source: Agence France-Presse
Country: Mali

1/28/2015 - 13:52 GMT |

by Serge DANIEL

An attack overnight in northern Mali by a pro-government armed group including suicide bombers killed a dozen people, security sources said Wednesday.

"GATIA fighters, accompanied by suicide bombers, attacked a rebel Tuareg and anti-government Arab position in the night from Tuesday to Wednesday near the town of Tabankort. There were a dozen deaths in total," a Western military source told AFP.

"The situation is very volatile, and it is essential to calm the situation," added the source.

A security source in MINUSMA -- the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Mali -- confirmed the deaths, adding that two fighters blew themselves up while a third was killed before he was able to detonate his explosives.

GATIA is the commonly-used name for the pro-government Imghad and Allies Tuareg Self-Defence Group.

Tabankort is part of a large swathe of desert which is the cradle of a Tuareg separatist movement that wants independence for the homeland it calls "Azawad", and from which several rebellions have been launched since the 1960s.

The town, northwest of the rebel stronghold of Kidal, is controlled by pro-government militias however which have clashed over the last month with armed rebels, leading to the deaths of fighters and civilians.

The UN was forced to withdraw a plan to create a "temporary security zone" in Tabankort after a huge protest in the northern city of Gao by pro-government youths who said it would undermine loyalist armed groups fighting the rebels.

Three people were killed Tuesday on a second day of demonstrations against the UN military mission.

Witnesses described a huge crowd of angry youths throwing stones and attempting to storm the MINUSMA headquarters in Gao to protest the UN taking control of a troubled area north of the city.

MINUSMA initially denied it was behind the deaths but later said it would investigate to establish its role in the violence.

  • Peace process threatened -

The agreement between MINUSMA and three rebel groups -- the High Council for the Unity of Azawad, the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad and an anti-government wing of the Arab Movement of Azawad -- would have placed Tabankort under exclusive control of UN troops.

MINUSMA helicopters destroyed a rebel vehicle near Tabankort in "self-defence" on January 20 following what it described as "direct fire with heavy weapons" on its peacekeepers.

Rebel groups said the action violated UN neutrality, adding that seven militants had been killed and 20 wounded.

The strikes sparked demonstrations hostile to MINUSMA in Kidal.

Algeria and the UN, which are leading mediation talks between the government and rebels, said the violence in Tabankort threatened to jeopardise the peace process.

Mali gained independence from France in 1960 but ethnic divisions run deep and the west African nation has been riven by conflict for much of the last half-century.

Islamists seized control of the north in 2012 on the back of an uprising by Tuareg separatists and imposed strict Sharia law and punishments, before being ousted 10 months later by a French military intervention.

MINUSMA took over security duties from African troops in July 2013, with a mission to ensure stability in the battle-scarred nation.

A 12,600-strong force, made up largely of Africans, replaced the AFISMA military mission, which has been supporting the French intervention.

The mission played a key role in presidential polls which saw Ibrahim Boubacar Keita rise to power in August 2013.

On top of the conflict between pro-and anti-government armed groups, Islamist extremists continue to carry out raids and attacks and French troops are still on patrol.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

Mali: Mali: une dizaine de morts dans une attaque-suicide contre les rebelles

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Source: Agence France-Presse
Country: Mali

28/01/2015 - 14:32 GMT

Une attaque lancée dans la nuit de mardi à mercredi près de Tabankort, dans le nord du Mali, par un groupe armé progouvernemental contre des rebelles a fait une dizaine de morts, dont plusieurs kamikazes, a-t-on appris de sources concordantes.

Il s'agit du dernier incident en date dans la région de Tabankort entre groupes rebelles à dominante touareg et arabe, regroupés au sein d'une Coordination des mouvements de l'Azawad (CMA), et combattants loyalistes du Gatia (Groupe autodéfense touareg Imghad et alliés).

Les affrontements meurtriers se succèdent depuis près d'un mois dans cette région du nord à mi-chemin entre Kidal, fief de la rébellion, et Gao, contrôlée par des groupes armés favorables à Bamako.

La coordination des groupes rebelles a affirmé dans un communiqué qu'une de ses positions près de Tabankort avait été "la cible d'une attaque kamikaze de grande envergure", faisant état de sept assaillants tués et de six morts dans ses rangs.

"Les combattants du Gatia, accompagnés de kamikazes, ont violemment attaqué dans la nuit de mardi à mercredi une position des rebelles touareg et arabes opposés au gouvernement, non loin de la localité de Tabankort. Il y a eu une dizaine de morts", a affirmé à l'AFP une source militaire occidentale.

"La situation est très volatile et il faut absolument calmer le jeu", a-t-elle ajouté.

Une source sécuritaire de l'ONU a confirmé ces informations, précisant qu'aux côtés des combattants du Gatia deux kamikazes se sont fait exploser, et qu'un troisième a été tué par les rebelles du Haut conseil pour l'unité de l'Azawad (HCUA) et du Mouvement national de libération de l'Azawad (MNLA), deux groupes armés rebelles à dominante touareg.

"Le commando kamikaze venu de Tabankort, où sont retranchées les milices narcoterroristes progouvernementales, était composé d'individus de diverses nationalités", ont affirmé les mouvements rebelles, en appelant la Minusma (Mission de l'ONU au Mali) à "prendre les mesures qui s'imposent".

La Minusma a été contrainte mardi de renoncer à un accord avec les rebelles portant sur la création d'une "zone temporaire de sécurité" à Tabankort après la mort de trois manifestants qui protestaient contre ce texte devant son siège à Gao, une des principales villes du nord.

La force multinationale - déployée depuis juillet 2013, à la suite de l'opération Serval lancée par la France pour chasser les jihadistes du nord du Mali - a reconnu une possible responsabilité de ses policiers et annoncé l'ouverture d'une enquête.

Les protestataires dénonçaient la création de cette "zone de sécurité" qui aboutirait, selon eux, au désarmement ou au retrait des forces loyalistes de Tabankort.

Le 20 janvier, des hélicoptères de la Minusma avaient détruit un véhicule rebelle près de Tabankort. L'ONU avait invoqué la "légitime défense", mais la rébellion l'avait accusée de violation de neutralité, faisant état de sept morts et 20 blessés dans ses rangs.

Les affrontements à Tabankort mettent en péril le processus de paix entre gouvernement et groupes rebelles, avaient prévenu le 23 janvier l'Algérie et l'ONU, qui conduisent une médiation entre les deux parties.

Le nord du Mali est tombé en 2012 sous la coupe de groupes jihadistes liés à Al-Qaïda, en grande partie chassés par l'opération Serval, à laquelle a succédé en août 2014 l'opération Barkhane, dont le rayon d'action s'étend à l'ensemble de la zone sahélo-saharienne.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse


Mali: Cluster Éducation Mali Activités des partenaires août-novembre 2014

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Source: UN Children's Fund, Save the Children, Education Cluster
Country: Mali

huit pages

Mali: Mali Cluster Éducation - Aperçu, Janvier 2015

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Source: UN Children's Fund, Government of the Republic of Mali, Save the Children, Education Cluster
Country: Mali

76% des écoles fonctionnelle avant la crise) sont actuellement fonctionnelles dans les trois régions au nord du Mali depuis la rentrée scolaire d’octobre 2014. Étant donné que plus 300 écoles sont encore fermées dans les régions de Gao, Kidal, Mopti, et Tombouctou, qui pourrait impliquer le déplacement interne au Nord et des effectifs pléthoriques dans les salles de classe, détériorant la qualité de l’enseignement et l’apprentissage. Les données des écoles (non-)fonctionnelles sont en constant changement du fait des mouvements des populations, des occupations des écoles, voire l’insecurité.

Mali: Mali Education Cluster - Snapshot, January 2015

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Source: UN Children's Fund, Government of the Republic of Mali, Save the Children, Education Cluster
Country: Mali

76% of the schools that were functional before the crisis are functional in the three regions of northern Mali as of December 2014 (back to school data for 2014-2015 school year). More than 300 schools are still closed in the regions of Gao, Kidal, Mopti, and Timbuktu, the consequences of which imply internal displacement within the North and the overcrowding of classrooms, deteriorating the quality of teaching and learning. Data on (non)functional schools is in constant flux due to population movements, occupation of schools, and general insecurity.

Mali: Mali Education Cluster - Alerte info, 27 janvier 2015

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Source: UN Children's Fund, Education Cluster
Country: Mali

Senegal: Renforcer la résilience des communautés rurales

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Source: World Food Programme
Country: Senegal

L’initiative 4R, mise en place par le PAM et Oxfam, vise à aider les communautés à faire face au changement climatique et aux catastrophes. Rencontre avec Fatou Ba et son mari qui participe au projet au Sénégal.

Fatou Ba a 22 ans, elle est mère de 4 enfants et vit avec sa famille dans le petit village de Koundiaw Souare à 100 kilomètres de la ville de Tambacounda au Sénégal.

« Mon mari est un paysan ; mais lorsque la récolte n’est pas bonne comme cette année, il nourrit sa famille grâce à la vente du bois de chauffage. »

Aujourd’hui la vie de Fatou s’est considérablement améliorée. Son village est l’un des 16 villages du département de Koumpentoum qui bénéficie de l’assistance agricole innovante du projet 4R, une initiative du PAM et d’OXFAM America qui appui la politique de résilience du Gouvernement du Sénégal.

En raison des conditions climatiques difficiles et incertaines lors de la saison agricole 2014-2015, 300 producteurs ont pu recevoir une compensation du PAM pour protéger lors revenus, leur récolte et leur environnement.

Consciente des effets négatifs de la déforestation sur l’environnement, Fatou salue cette initiative conjointe qui a aidé sa famille pendant la période de soudure.

L’initiative 4R a encouragé Fatou et sa famille à participer à des projets pour développer la capacité de sa communauté à faire face au changement climatique et aux catastrophes. Elle a notamment participé à la construction de cordons de pierre, au désensablement des mares et à l’aménagement des plaines pour booster la production locale. Ces projets réalisés via l’initiative 4R développe la résilience des communautés en diminuant progressivement leur vulnérabilité face aux catastrophes.

« L’année dernière, mon mari et moi avons contribué à la construction d’une digue de plus de 730 mètres ; ce qui nous a fait bénéficier du soutien du PAM. Grâce à cette aide nous avons pu faire face à la période de soudure en achetant 1 sac de riz, 20 litres d’huile, du savon et du sel iodé dans la boutique du village » a-t-elle ajouté.

Fatou BaEn plus des travaux communautaires, Fatou Ba et son mari ont aussi mené des projets individuels, comme l’aménagement d’une fosse compostière pour fertiliser de façon naturelle le champ et augmenter ainsi la production ; mais aussi la plantation de vétivers qui contribue à lutter contre l’érosion des sols dans le village.

En 2014, 2000 producteurs de 16 villages ont participé à la composante transfert des risques du projet 4R. Parmi ces villages, Koundiaw Souaré, est la seule localité qui a connu un niveau de sinistre nécessitant une indemnisation des producteurs agricoles.

Les communautés de la région de Tamba ont été les premières bénéficiaires de ce programme de résilience qui a commencé au Sénégal en 2012, après avec une phase pilote expérimentée à Koussanar en 2013. Madame Ingeborg Maria Breuer, Directrice et Représentante du PAM au Sénégal s’est réjouie de l’engouement suscité par le projet 4R.

« En 2015, le PAM et OXFAM America comptent renforcer leur synergie pour convaincre les partenaires techniques et financiers de la pertinence de notre choix sur le projet 4R pour qu’ensemble nous puissions au plus vite parachever cette initiative, tripler la cible et encadrer 18.000 participants dans le bassin arachidier plus précisément dans les régions de Kaffrine, Kaolack et Fatick» a déclaré madame Breuer lors de la remise des indemnisations aux souscripteurs à l’assurance 4R.

Deuxième pays après l’Ethiopie à avoir expérimenté cette initiative pour la résilience des communautés rurales, les activités du 4R au Sénégal ont connu en 2014 une phase d’extension notamment dans les départements de Tambacounda, Koumpentoum, Kolda et Médina Yero Foulah.

L’initiative 4R en faveur de la résilience des communautés rurales vise à aider les communautés à faire face au changement climatique et aux catastrophes. Actuellement mise en place au Sénégal et en Ethiopie, le PAM a également lancé des projets pilotes au Malawi et en Zambie avec comme but d’atteindre 100.000 agriculteurs d’ici 2017. L’initiative combine quatre stratégies de gestion des risques : améliorer les ressources (réduction du risque), assurance (transfert du risque), microcrédit (prise de risque calculée) et épargne (réserve contre le risque).

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