08/09/2013 15:30 GMT
by Stephane Barbier
BAMAKO, August 9, 2013 (AFP) - Campaigning wrapped up in Mali for Sunday's presidential election runoff which will see two veterans of politics face off in a vote intended to end months of unrest after a coup, Islamist insurgency and French military intervention.
The vote, the first since 2007, is critical to unlocking more than $4 billion in aid promised after international donors halted contributions in the wake of a military mutiny in March last year.
Former prime minister Ibrahim Boubacar Keita and ex-finance minister Soumaila Cisse go into the runoff after none of the 27 candidates achieved an outright majority in the first round on July 28.
Campaigning, which officially ends on Friday, has been largely dull in the days leading up to Sunday's vote. Cities and towns were deserted Thursday as Malians -- over 90 percent of whom are Muslims -- stayed home to celebrate Eid.
Keita, who is considered the frontrunner, has refused to participate in a television debate suggested by his rival Cisse, saying he prefered to spend his time "meeting electors".
The 68-year-old had finished the first round with more than 20 percentage points ahead of 63-year-old Cisse.
However, Cisse remained optimistic about his presidential bid.
"I am confident, because it is not about adding to the votes from the first round, there will be new votes, it is a new election," Cisse told AFP.
"Everything restarts from zero."
Cisse had complained about widespread ballot-stuffing in the first round while more than 400,000 ballots from a turnout of 3.5 million were declared spoiled.
Mali's Constitutional Court rejected the allegations, however, confirming Keita had won 39.8 percent of the vote, while Cisse had garnered 19.7 percent.
Keita urged voters to hand him a "clear and clean" majority in the runoff to ensure victory couldn't be "stolen".
"I ask you to give me a clear and clean majority, a majority beyond dispute which will give me the power to lead the national recovery to which you aspire," he said.
Keita, widely known as IBK, claims to have the support of most of the also-rans and is backed by Mali's influential religious establishment, but Cisse has been endorsed by Adema, Mali's largest political party, which can mobilise tens of thousands of members.
The two rivals both lost the 2002 presidential election to Amadou Toumani Toure, who was overthrown in the March 2012 military coup led by Captain Amadou Sanogo.
The chaos following the mutiny opened the way for the Tuareg separatist National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) to seize the towns and cities of Mali's vast northern desert with the help of allied Islamist groups.
The MNLA was then sidelined by its one-time allies, extremists who imposed a brutal version of shariah law in the north and destroyed historic buildings and artifacts in the desert city of Timbuktu.
When the Islamists pushed south toward Bamako in January, France deployed troops who forced the militants back into the country's mountains and desert.
Mali remains the continent's third-largest gold producer but its $10.6 billion economy contracted 1.2 percent last year, according to the International Monetary Fund.
The impoverished north is home predominantly to lighter-skinned Tuareg and Arab populations who accuse the sub-Saharan ethnic groups that live in the more prosperous south -- including Bamako -- of marginalising them.
The MNLA's top representative in Europe said the movement would resume fighting on Sunday if no negotiated solution were reached to grant autonomy to the northern homeland they call Azawad.
The MNLA and the authorities in Bamako reached a deal in June that allowed Malian troops to enter the northern rebel bastion of Kidal ahead of the July 28 presidential vote.
A 12,600-strong UN peacekeeping operation took over from African-led forces in Mali on July 1, while France expects to keep 1,000 troops inside the country until the end of the year.
str-ft/hmn/mfp