Highlights

• In 2017, UNICEF is requesting US$ 146.9 million to reach more than four million people, including 2.1 million children. Funds available amounts to US$ 38.8 million representing a 74 per cent funding gap.

• In January 2017, more than 6,700 children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) were treated in the 2 north eastern States.

• Emergency PHC services reached 419,397 people in the three most affected States in the Northeast; and a total of 3.3 million children were immunized against Measles in Borno (2.6 million), Yobe (over 535,000) and Adamawa (176,000).

• A total of 11,260 people gained access to safe water and 20,795 people accessed improved sanitation facilities.

• Psychosocial support was provided to 9,749 conflict affected children, while 500 unaccompanied and separated children and 260 children and women associated with armed groups or victims of SGBV received specialised services.

• A total of 118,500 children were enrolled and gained access to education in a safe learning environment, and 2,500 children benefitted from learning materials.

8.5 million
Projected number of people in need of humanitarian assistance in the north east states of Borno, Adamawa and Yobe for 2017 (Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP), 2017)

1.6 million
IDPs in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states, over 55 per cent are children (DTM Round XIII, December 2016)

4.4 million
Children in need of humanitarian assistance (HAC 2017)

UNICEF Appeal 2017 US$ 146.9 million
*Humanitarian Action for Children (HAC), does not include inaccessible areas of Borno

Situation Overview & Humanitarian Needs

In December 2016, the IOM’s Data Tracking Mechanism (DTM), Round XIII reported that 1.6 million people remain internally displaced, of whom 55 per cent are children, including 8.2 per cent being infants under one year old. Despite a relatively improved security conditions in newly accessible areas, 76 per cent of IDPs do not want to return to their homes unless their security can be guaranteed. The provision of basic services has been profoundly disrupted by the conflict as public infrastructures have been destroyed and public servants have left to take refuge in safer areas. Massive rehabilitation and reconstruction work is required to repair destroyed or damaged homes, hospitals and schools, to make IDP returns sustainable.

According to Fewsnet1, populations in isolated and inaccessible areas of Northeast Nigeria may be facing an extreme food security situation (IPC Phase 5). Ongoing humanitarian interventions are preventing a severe food situation in IDP camps and host communities, but remain insufficient and outpaced by the scale of needs in Borno State, including in the newly accessible areas. In 2017, the risk of famine (IPC Phase 5) will remain high in inaccessible areas of Borno State. On Education, one of the priority areas that the State Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB) and communities have identified is to address basic school infrastructure to enable resumption of formal schooling, particularly in newly accessible and return areas. In the recently accessible areas, such as Dikwa, Damboa, Konduga, Mafa, Bama and Monguno, schools have insufficient classrooms and learning materials; limited teaching staff is also a critical challenge. IDPs and returnee children have been out of school and deprived of access to education for more than three years.

In continuation of humanitarian intervention in the northeast, the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) has delivered 16,400 bags of food items as relief items for distribution to the Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Yobe State.

Director General of Muhammad Sani Sidi who delivered the items to the Governor of Yobe State Alhaji Ibrahim Geidam in Damaturu identified them as 4800 bags of rice, 4800 bags of maize, 4800 bags of millet, 2000 bags of beans as well as 300 kegs of vegetable oil 300 kegs of palm oil and 200 bags of salt.

He said the delivery was based on existing arrangement in which NEMA periodically provide the supplies which are presented to the state government for onward distribution to the IDPs in the camps and host communities.

He said “I am delighted to note that most of the IDPs in Yobe State have returned back to their communities with only one camp that is still remaining while some of the displaced persons are living with their relations. Based on existing understanding between NEMA and the State Government, we are confident that you would be more familiar with locations of the IDPs to distribute the relief items with our field officers.”

The Director General of NEMA who was represented by the Deputy Director of Training Alhaji Musa Zakari assured the continued commitment of the agency towards the support of the IDPs in the state and other parts of the country, which according to him was part of its mandate of disaster management.

Responding, the Yobe State Governor who was represented by his Deputy, Alhaji Abubakar Ali appreciated NEMA for the humanitarian gesture and assured that items would be distributed to the IDPs along with Staff of the Agency. He, however requested NEMA to also consider and support the displaced persons that returning back to their communities with building materials to assist in the reconstruction of their destroyed homes.

The relief items were later handed over to the Yobe State Commissioner for Information Alhaji Mala Musti who is a member of the Yobe State Committee on rehabilitation and resettlement of IDPs that was assigned by the Deputy Governor to receive the materials.

JUBA – The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) is grateful to the Government of Belgium for contributing €3 million for WFP to provide emergency food and nutrition assistance to communities facing food shortages in South Sudan.

“Belgium has provided a very timely contribution to our relief operations in a country where the needs keep growing,” said Joyce Luma, WFP Country Director in South Sudan. “This support has helped us scale up assistance to families facing acute hunger and maintain sustenance to conflict-affected communities.”

The funds were used to purchase 1,562 metric tons of food, which has been distributed to more than 50,000 conflict-affected people in the states of Unity, Upper Nile and Jonglei as well as in the “Protection of Civilians” camps in Juba. The Belgian contribution allowed WFP to meet the basic food needs of people in these areas for two months.

“The humanitarian situation in South Sudan is appalling. More than half of the population is in need of humanitarian assistance, food insecurity is rising and a quarter of a million children are facing severe malnutrition,” said Alexander De Croo, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Development Cooperation of Belgium. “Belgium stands ready to help affected communities in South Sudan through its partnership with the WFP.”

The food security and nutrition situation in South Sudan has progressively deteriorated since conflict erupted in 2013. Insecurity, displacement, an economic crisis, devaluation of the local currency and high food prices have compounded rising levels of hunger. In some areas, a massive humanitarian effort is the only thing helping to stave off a hunger catastrophe.

In 2016, generous contributions to WFP from Belgium, Canada, the European Union, Finland, Germany, Japan, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States of America, as well as several private donors, helped provide food and nutrition assistance to about 4 million people in South Sudan.

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WFP is the world's largest humanitarian agency fighting hunger worldwide, delivering food assistance in emergencies and working with communities to improve nutrition and build resilience. Each year, WFP assists some 80 million people in around 80 countries.

Follow us on Twitter @wfp_media @wfp_africa

For more information please contact (email address: firstname.lastname@wfp.org): George Fominyen, WFP Juba: mobile +211 922 465 247

South Sudan - Needs in South Sudan have reached unprecedented levels as the crisis enters its fourth year. Some 7.5 million people are in desperate need of aid, having exhausted coping mechanisms, faced multiple displacements and struggled with a failing economy.

To provide lifesaving assistance to displaced and conflict-affected populations across the country in 2017, IOM is appealing for USD 76.8 million.

Some 4.9 million people are facing severe food insecurity and 1.84 million are displaced internally, in addition to approximately 1.2 million who have fled to neighbouring countries.

“Needs soared over the course of 2016 as the crisis spread to previously relatively stable regions, and deepened in Greater Upper Nile,” said IOM South Sudan Chief of Mission William Barriga. “As civilians continue to bear the brunt of the violence, a political solution to the ongoing crisis is needed urgently.”

As needs grow and worsen, humanitarian workers are facing increasing difficulty in accessing affected populations due to insecurity and bureaucratic impediments, complicating efforts to reach the most vulnerable and compounding existing needs.

In response to the expanding crisis, IOM’s 2017 consolidated appeal highlights emergency humanitarian assistance based on existing capacity, focusing on the most urgent needs through health, logistics, shelter, and water, sanitation and hygiene assistance, as well as camp coordination and camp management and mental health and psychosocial support programming.

IOM will continue providing assistance at displacement sites, including protection of civilian sites, collective centres and other areas of displacement. Response teams will sustain robust efforts to reach populations in remote and often volatile areas.

Mindful of the need to protect development gains that were achieved prior to the July 2016 crisis and build the foundations for post-conflict recovery, IOM continues to carry out multi-dimensional programmes guided by peace-building and development principles. IOM’s Transition and Recovery and Migration Management programmes will continue to operate alongside the overall humanitarian response in areas where conditions allow, emphasizing the link between relief and development.

IOM has had an operational presence in South Sudan since 2005, establishing a country office in 2011 following the country’s independence. Immediately after the conflict erupted in December 2013, IOM restructured its activities in response to the emergency. Today, IOM South Sudan remains one of the Organization’s largest missions, with 450 staff stationed across the country to implement humanitarian, transition and recovery, and migration management activities.

View the IOM South Sudan 2017 Consolidated Appeal here.

For further information, please contact Ashley McLaughlin at IOM South Sudan, Tel: +211 922 405 716, Email: amclaughlin@iom.int.

CAMEROON

FUNDING GAP THREATENS FOOD ASSISTANCE TO CAR REFUGEES

Lack of financial resources is jeopardizing WFP and partners’ ability to provide livesaving food assistance to the refugees in eastern Cameroon, leaving a US$16 million gap in funding. A complete gap is expected from June onwards, pending new food consignments. Since last October, a decline in funding had already forced WFP to cut food and cash assistance by half to some 156,000 CAR refugees, who are now surviving on a minimal food ration.

CHAD

HEPATITIS E OUTBREAK WORSENS

Hundreds of people could die in southeastern Chad as a months-long outbreak of hepatitis E worsens, MSF warned on 9 February, recording 70 cases and 11 deaths since September. Some 885 people in the Salamat region have been treated for symptoms of jaundice, which can indicate hepatitis E. Most patients are likely to be suffering from hepatitis E, the aid group said.
The death toll from the outbreak could be higher due to cases which may not have been treated in health facilities, according to the World Health Organization

GUINEA

93 CASES OF MEASLES CONFIRMED

93 measles cases have been confirmed since the beginning of the year in the affected districts of Nzérékoré, Guékedou, Coyah, Dubréka, Fria, Kindia and four communes in the capital Conakry. The Ministry of Health with support from UNICEF, ALIMA and other partners has immediately initiated vaccination campaigns in the affected regions. The outbreak is a direct consequence of the limited vaccination coverage during the Ebola outbreak which seriously affected the country’s health system in 2014-2015.

DR CONGO

PROJECTED RISE IN CONFLICTRELATED NEEDS

Humanitarian actors project that needs are likely to increase in the coming months. Last year, the number of displaced people increased from 1.6 to more than 2.1 million.
Humanitarian organizations are already responding to respond to violent clashes in the southeastern province of Tanganyika, in the three provinces of Kasai and to the needs of new refugees from South Sudan in the north-eastern part of the country.
Measles and cholera have become major recurring health issues. On 9 February, the humanitarian community and the Congolese authorities launched an appeal for US$748 million to assist 6.7 million people in 2017.

THE GAMBIA

ALMOST 150,000 PEOPLE FOUND FOOD INSECURE

Over 148,500 persons – 8 per cent of the population - are food insecure and 0.6 per cent severely food insecure in The Gambia, according to a WFP report, an increase from 5.6 per cent in 2011. Rising food prices and natural disasters are the most prominent factors that have negatively affected Gambian households’ food access and put them at risk. On 9 February, the European Union allocated €75 million as an immediate support package to address markets and socio-economic development of the country, including food insecurity, unemployment and infrastructure.

NIGERIA

OVER 10,000 DISPLACED PEOPLE RETURN TO DAMASAK

Over the past two weeks, more than 10,000 displaced people and refugees have returned to the Damasak local government area in the north of Borno state. The majority of them (70 per cent) return from neighbouring Niger and the rest from communities nearby. In recent weeks, an average of 100 families has been returning to Damasak every day

CAMEROUN

L’AIDE ALIMENTAIRE AUX RÉFUGIÉS MENACÉE PAR UN MANQUE DE FINANCEMENT

Le manque de ressources financières met en péril la capacité du PAM et des partenaires à fournir une aide alimentaire vitale aux réfugiés dans l'est du Cameroun, avec un déficit de financement de 16 millions de dollars. Une insuffisance totale de fonds est à prévoir à partir de juin, en attendant de nouveaux envois de vivres. Depuis octobre dernier, le recul du financement a déjà obligé le PAM à réduire de moitié les vivres et l'aide en espèces à environ 156 000 réfugiés de la RCA, qui vivent actuellement d'une ration alimentaire minimale.

TCHAD

L’ÉPIDÉMIE D’HÉPATITE E S’AGGRAVE

Le 9 février, Médecins sans frontières a averti que des centaines de personnes pourraient mourir dans le sud-est du Tchad alors qu'une épidémie d'hépatite E qui dure depuis plusieurs mois s’aggrave, enregistrant 70 cas et 11 décès depuis septembre. Quelque 885 personnes dans la région de Salamat ont été traitées pour des symptômes de jaunisse, ce qui peut indiquer l'hépatite E. La plupart des patients sont susceptibles de souffrir d'hépatite E, a indiqué le groupe d'aide. Selon l'Organisation mondiale de la santé, le nombre de décès pourrait être plus élevé en raison de cas qui n'ont peut-être pas été traités dans des établissements de santé.

GUINEE

93 CAS DE ROUGEOLE CONFIRMÉS

Depuis le début de l’année, 93 cas de rougeole ont été confirmés dans les districts affectés de Nzérékoré, Guékédou, Coyah,
Dubréka, Fria, Kindia et quatre communes de la capitale, Conakry. Le ministère de la Santé, avec l'appui de l'UNICEF, d'ALIMA et d'autres partenaires, a immédiatement lancé des campagnes de vaccination dans les régions touchées. L'épidémie est une conséquence directe de la couverture vaccinale limitée pendant l'épidémie d'Ebola qui a sérieusement affecté le système de santé du pays en 2014-2015

RD CONGO

AUGMENTATION PRÉVUE DES BESOINS LIÉS AUX CONFLITS

Les acteurs humanitaires estiment que les besoins vont probablement augmenter dans les prochains mois. L'année dernière, le nombre de personnes déplacées est passé de 1,6 à plus de 2,1 millions. Les organisations humanitaires réagissent déjà à des affrontements violents dans la province du Tanganyika, dans le sud-est, dans les trois provinces du Kasaï, ainsi qu'aux besoins des nouveaux réfugiés du Sud Soudan dans le nord-est du pays. La rougeole et le choléra sont devenus des problèmes de santé récurrents majeurs. Le 9 février, la communauté humanitaire et les autorités congolaises ont lancé un appel de 748 millions de dollars pour aider 6,7 millions de personnes en 2017.

GAMBIE

PRÈS DE 150 000 PERSONNES SOUFFRENT D’INSÉCURITÉ ALIMENTAIRE

Selon un rapport du PAM, plus de 148 500 personnes, 8% de la population, souffrent d'insécurité alimentaire et 0,6% d'insécurité alimentaire grave en Gambie, soit une hausse par rapport à 5,6% en 2011. La hausse des prix des denrées alimentaires et les catastrophes naturelles sont les facteurs principaux ayant eu un impact négatif sur l'accès alimentaire des ménages gambiens et les ayant mis en danger. Le 9 février, l'Union européenne a alloué 75 millions d'euros pour un soutien immédiat aux marchés et au développement socio-économique du pays, y compris l'insécurité alimentaire, le chômage et les infrastructures.

NIGERIE

PLUS DE 10,000 DÉPLACÉS RETOURNENT A DAMASAK

Au cours des deux dernières semaines, plus de 10 000 personnes déplacées et réfugiées sont retournées dans la région du gouvernement local de Damasak, dans le nord de l‘état de Borno. La majorité d'entre elles (70%) reviennent du Niger et de communautés voisines. Au cours des dernières semaines, une centaine de familles revenaient tous les jours à Damasak

Highlights

• The Lead Convener for the national strategic review which will inform the Country Strategic Plan (2018-2022) has officially begun work.

• A total of 7,529 people were assisted under the immediate response emergency operation (IREMOP 201036) in January 2017.

Operational Updates

• Food assistance through cash was provided to 7,529 people in January 2017 under the IR-EMOP 201036. The assistance targets people affected by floods and windstorms during the 2016 rainy season. The activity was implemented in partnership with the National Disaster Management Agency, Gambia Red Cross Society and United Purpose.

• The work plan for the Zero Hunger National review has been finalized with the lead convener and the National Zero Hunger Review process is scheduled to commence in February 2017.

• The 2016 Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) was validated with national partners. Eight (8) percent of the population in The Gambia are classified as moderately or severely food insecure. Findings from the 2016 CFSVA indicate that food security situation in the country has deteriorated from the 2011 CFSVA.

• Food was distributed to schools in Greater Banjul Area, West Coast Region, Lower River, Central River and Upper River Regions for the month of January.

• A total of 119,711 school children and cooks were targeted for assistance by WFP in the month of January.

• Plans have been reactivated to resume nutrition prevention and treatment activities that were suspended under the PRRO due to a lack of resources. Funding was recently received from the European Commission.

Open defecation in crowded camps puts people at risk of waterborne diseases from cholera and diarrhoea to typhoid

(Adds comment from International Medical Corps in paragraph 29)

By Kieran Guilbert

MAIDUGURI, Nigeria, Feb 14 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Every time she needs to go to the toilet, Shadima Irima recalls the moment Boko Haram militants stormed her home in northeast Nigeria and killed her cousin before her eyes.

Watching dozens of people lining up outside of a couple of latrines in a camp for the displaced in Maiduguri, the capital of Borno state, the 38-year-old spoke about the fear she feels every time she ventures into the bush to relieve herself.

"I am scared of snakes, bad men and Boko Haram," Irima told the Thomson Reuters Foundation, explaining how looking after her children, fetching water and cooking meals means she cannot afford to wait for hours to use the few toilets in the camp.

"Anything can happen in the bush, like rape. Even thinking about going to the toilet there scares me," she said outside her hut in the Muna Garage camp in Borno, the heart of Boko Haram's seven-year bid to create an Islamic state in northeast Nigeria.

The jihadists' insurgency has displaced some 1.8 million people and destroyed three-quarters of water points and toilets in the region - piling pressure on the limited facilities in camps and communities, and sparking fears of disease outbreaks.

A lack of toilets - there is an average of one latrine for every 100 people uprooted by Boko Haram - is not only leaving women like Irima prey to sexual violence, but is also driving people to defecate in the open, according to aid agencies.

Open defecation in crowded camps and communities is putting people at risk of waterborne diseases from cholera and diarrhoea to typhoid, with the danger exacerbated by limited access to water, a lack of knowledge, and poor hygiene, experts say.

"Changing attitudes and behaviour is a challenge as many of the displaced have fled from rural areas, where they are used to defecating in the bush," said Kannan Nadar, head of water and sanitation at the U.N. children's agency (UNICEF) in Nigeria.

"Even if one percent of the displaced defecate in the open, it affects everyone around them," Nadar added.

SHAME AND DESPERATION

More than a quarter of Nigeria's population - some 46 million people - defecate in the open, according to the country's latest national health survey from 2013.

For the more than 400,000 displaced living in camps across northeast Nigeria, the reality is even worse.

Open defecation has been recorded in around two-thirds of the 164 sites for those uprooted by the conflict, and only a dozen of these settlements have a working drainage system, according to the International Organisation for Migration (IOM).

In some camps, there is only one toilet per 1,000 people, said staff at the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA).

"We don't want to relieve ourselves in the open, but what choice do we have?" said 63-year-old Moustapha Abacha, as a group of men nodded shyly in agreement in the Muna Garage camp. "We are ashamed about it, but life here is desperate," he added.

Efforts to improve hygiene and sanitation in humanitarian crises often focus on infrastructure - such as building toilets - at the expense of changing attitudes, local aid workers said.

In one latrine in the Muna Garage camp, the pit was full of plastic bottles into which people had defecated before throwing them away - thus blocking the toilet for several days.

To challenge such practices and inform people about how open defecation can lead to the spread of deadly diseases, aid agencies are sending health volunteers to camps and communities.

In a dusty yard in a quiet Maiduguri neighbourhood, dozens of displaced women and girls huddled on the ground as they learnt about topics ranging from cholera to menstrual hygiene.

"Most people are keen to listen and quick to learn," said volunteer Rukaiya Mohammed, a teacher in her early twenties.

"We aren't seeing many children defecate in the open, and that is one of the most important achievements," she added.

WAITING ALL DAY

In camps and communities across Borno state, lines of women and children waiting next to water points with garish yellow and orange buckets and jerrycans stretch far into the distance.

While tackling open defecation and poor hygiene is key, aid agencies are also striving to improve infrastructure to help some four million people who lack access to safe water, the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said.

Solar and mechanised boreholes and hundreds of water points are being installed in camps and communities, yet a third of the displaced still receive less than 15 litres of water a day for their cooking, cleaning and washing needs, according to OCHA.

This shortage is driving many people to travel long distances to collect water from polluted streams and older boreholes where the water is more likely to be contaminated, said Francis Tabu of the International Medical Corps (IMC).

"We are facing a huge challenge to install latrines and water points in local communities, due to a lack of space in neighbourhoods where everything and everyone is packed so tightly together," the emergency program coordinator said.

Borno's health ministry has also established a cholera task force ahead of the rainy season this summer, aware of how the disease could quickly spread through jam-packed camps and communities amid poor sanitation and limited access to water.

"The sector is trying to learn lessons from past outbreaks in a region where people are in a vulnerable situation," said Salomon Rakotovazaha, the IMC's country director for Nigeria.

For most of the displaced, like mother-of-three Hauwa Adam, the threat of disease pales into comparison with their daily struggle to get by. Living in Muna Garage, the 30-year-old spends most of her days fetching what little water is available.

"I have to trek miles to the water point, and queue all day to collect it," said Adam, who takes her children along because there is no school for them, and no one else to look after them.

"What kind of life is this?"

(Reporting By Kieran Guilbert, Editing by Ros Russell; Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers humanitarian news, women's rights, trafficking, property rights, climate change and resilience. Visit http://news.trust.org)

RÉPONDRE À LA CRISE LA PLUS AIGUË D’AFRIQUE

Le Bassin du Lac Tchad est aux prises avec une situation d’urgence humanitaire complexe affectant quelque 17 millions de personnes dans les zones les plus touchées au nord-est du Nigeria, dans la région de l’Extrême-Nord du Cameroun, à l’ouest du Tchad et au sud-ouest du Niger. L’impact combiné de l’aggravation de l’insécurité, de la rapide croissance de la population et de la grave vulnérabilité résultant des effets du changement climatique, de la dégradation de l’environnement, de la pauvreté et du sous-investissement dans les services sociaux se traduit par un nombre record de personnes ayant besoin de secours d’urgence. La violence continue a poussé 2,3 millions de personnes à fuir leurs foyers. Dans la région, une famille sur trois est frappée par l’insécurité alimentaire. Les taux de malnutrition et de mortalité associée ont atteint un seul critique. Les préoccupations en matière de protection soulignées par les Gouvernements du Nigeria, du Cameroun, du Tchad et du Niger dans la Déclaration d’action d’Abuja de juin 2016 demeurent un défi permanent, en particulier pour les groupes vulnérables, dont les femmes et les enfants. La violence et l’insécurité perturbent les échanges commerciaux et les marchés. Les infrastructures vitales comme les centres de santé, les écoles, les canalisations d’eau, les ponts et les routes ont été détruites. Les paysans ne peuvent pas s’occuper de leurs champs et ont manqué trois saisons consécutives de récoltes. Des millions de personnes ont peu ou pas accès aux services de base comme l’eau, les soins de santé ou l’éducation. Les acteurs humanitaires ont considérablement renforcé leur présence et leurs capacités en 2016. Pour répondre à l’ampleur de la crise, atteindre les populations qui ont besoin d’une aide vitale et reconstruire leurs moyens de subsistance, un renforcement opérationnel plus poussé et des ressources financières adéquates sont nécessaires de toute urgence. En 2017, les organismes des Nations Unies et les ONG ont besoin de 1,5 milliard de dollars pour assister 8,2 millions de personnes dans les quatre pays.

Poursuite et multiplicité des déplacements

Les attaques de Boko Haram et les contre-offensives militaires ont déplacé 2,3 millions de personnes. Un grand nombre d’entre elles ont fui à plusieurs reprises. La majorité des personnes déplacées trouvent refuge dans des communautés qui comptent elles-mêmes parmi les plus vulnérables dans le monde. Dans le seul nord-est du Nigeria, 1,8 million de personnes sont déplacées, dont plus de la moitié sont des enfants. Quelque 200 000 personnes ont traversé la frontière pour se réfugier dans les pays voisins. Si une certaine sécurité a été rétablie dans les États de l’Adamawa, de Yobe et certaines parties de l’État de Borno au Nigeria en 2016, les derniers mois ont vu une nouvelle vague d’attaques de Boko Haram dans les quatre pays.

Victimes civiles de la violence

La persistance de la violence contre les civils et l’insécurité continuent de poser de graves risques en matière de protection et de violation des droits. Les femmes et les filles enlevées par Boko Haram ont subi des abus physiques et psychologiques, des mariages forcés, un esclavage sexuel ou un travail forcé. Les garçons ont été enrôlés de force comme combattants et les filles utilisées comme des kamikazes.
Boko Haram cible les zones abritant des personnes déplacées et des réfugiés, des établissements de santé et des écoles, forçant les travailleurs de la santé et les enseignants à fuir des endroits où l’on a le plus besoin d’eux. Le nombre croissant d’attaques et d’arrivées d’enfants déplacés augmente la charge pour les systèmes sanitaires et éducatifs déjà faibles. Les espaces sûrs pour les femmes et les enfants, l’accès aux services essentiels et le soutien psychologique doivent être au cœur de la réponse humanitaire.

Urgence alimentaire et nutritionnelle

Dans le bassin du lac Tchad, quelque 7 millions de personnes aux prises avec l’insécurité alimentaire ont besoin d’assistance. Dans le seul nord-est du Nigeria, plus d’1,8 million de personnes vivent dans une insécurité alimentaire à des niveaux d’urgence. Dans l’État de Borno, 55 000 personnes vivent dans des conditions de quasifamine et ce chiffre risque de doubler au cours des prochains mois.
Dans les quatre pays du bassin du lac Tchad frappés par le conflit, la sécurité alimentaire devrait se détériorer jusqu’à la mi-2017. Cela affectera particulièrement les populations déplacées vulnérables et les communautés d’accueil. La malnutrition et la mortalité associée sont sévèrement élevées. Dans les zones les plus affectées par le conflit, les taux de malnutrition ont dépassé le seuil d’urgence. Dans toute la région, plus d’un demi million d’enfants souffrent de malnutrition aiguë sévère dont 75 000 pourraient mourir s’ils ne reçoivent pas une assistance d’urgence.

Sauver des vies, restaurer les moyens de subsistance

Si la stratégie humanitaire est axée sur la réponse aux besoins immédiats par une assistance vitale, les acteurs humanitaires appellent à un engagement concerté des acteurs politiques, du développement et de la sécurité pour aider à stabiliser la région et créer les conditions de survie et de prospérité des populations.

After three years of civil conflict and with rampant inflation, now a third of the population needs food aid

• South Sudan plunged into civil conflict in December 2013

• Once privileged military families now going hungry

• Inflation wipes out value of wages, despite increases

• "Men in uniform" pillage aid stores as famine looms

By Katharine Houreld

JUBA, Feb 14 - Three years into a civil war and with inflation above 800 percent, South Sudan's government is struggling to pay its troops. When delayed wages finally arrive, the cash is so devalued it barely buys food for a week.

Read more on the Thomson Reuters Foundation

Highlights

• In January WFP assisted one million Nigerians in conflict-affected zones in the Northeast of the country through cash-based transfers, in-kind food assistance and specialized nutritious food distributions.

• Following a military airstrike that hit a displacement camp in Rann, Kalabalge Local Government Area (LGA) on 17 January, the UN Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) deployed three helicopters to airlift medical teams and cargo, and evacuate injured patients as part of the emergency response.

Operational Updates

• In January, WFP, both directly and through partnerships, reached 1,064,000 people in northeast Nigeria.

• A total of 787,400 people – most of them internally displaced, in camps or in host communities – benefited from in-kind food distributions across Borno and Yobe States.

• A total of 234,000 children aged 6-59 months were assisted with specialized nutritious food, while in areas with functioning markets 218,300 people were assisted through cash-based transfers.

• Through the RRM, established jointly by WFP and UNICEF to enhance access to the most vulnerable populations, 287,600 people were assisted with general food distributions and 24,300 children received supplementary nutritious food in Dikwa, Ngala and Monguno Local Government Areas (LGAs).

• Due to the multidimensional nature of the crisis, WFP has adopted a flexible and agile response, using the most appropriate and context-specific transfer modalities and delivery mechanisms and approaches to address the needs of affected people.

• WFP will scale-up cash transfers where appropriate and where markets are functioning, while the recently increased in-kind food response was temporarily initiated to allow for a rapid scale-up to meet the lifesaving needs.

Soaring cost of basic staples is an extra challenge for pastoralists as livestock prices fall

14 February 2017, Rome - Drought throughout East Africa has sharply curbed harvests and pushed the prices of cereals and other staple foods to unusually high levels, posing a heavy burden to households and special risks for pastoralists in the region.

Local prices of maize, sorghum and other cereals are near or at record levels in swathes of Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania, according to the latest Food Price Monitoring and Analysis Bulletin (FPMA).

Inadequate rainfall in most areas of the sub-region has put enormous strain on livestock and their keepers. Poor livestock body conditions due to pasture and water shortages and forcible culls mean animals command lower prices, leaving pastoralists with even less income to purchase basic foodstuffs.

"Sharply increasing prices are severely constraining food access for large numbers of households with alarming consequences in terms of food insecurity," said Mario Zappacosta, FAO senior economist and coordinator of the Global Information and Early Warning System.

The trends in East Africa, where prices of staple cereals have doubled in some town markets, stand in marked contrast to the stable trend of FAO's Food Price Index, which measures the monthly change in international prices of a basket of traded food commodities.

The difference is due to the drought that is hammering the sub-region, where food stocks were already depleted by the strong El Niño weather event that ended only last year. Poor and erratic rainfall in recent months, crucial for local growing seasons, are denting farm output.

Somalia's maize and sorghum harvests are estimated to be 75 percent down from their usual level, and some 6.2 million people, more than half of the country's total population, now face acute food insecurity, with the majority of those most affected living in rural areas.

Soaring prices

The FPMA Bulletin tracks food price trends on a granular level and in local terms, with an eye to flagging instances where the prices of essential food commodities increase sharply or are abnormally high.

In Mogadishu, prices of maize increased by 23 percent in January, and. the increase was even sharper in the main maize producing region of Lower Shabelle. Overall, in key market towns of central and southern Somalia, coarse grain prices in January have doubled from a year earlier.With an earlier than usual depletion of household stocks during the coming lean season and preliminary weather forecasts raising concerns for the performance of the next rainy season, prices are likely to further escalate in the coming months.

Maize prices in Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania, have almost doubled since early 2016, while they are 25 percent higher than 12 months earlier in the country's largest city, Dar Es Salaam.

In South Sudan, food prices are now two to four times above their levels of a year earlier, exacerbated by ongoing insecurity and the significant depreciation of the local currency.

In Kenya, where eastern and coastal lowlands as well as some western areas of the Rift Valley all suffered below-average rainfall, maize prices are up by around 30 percent, with the increase somewhat contained somewhat thanks to sustained imports from Uganda.

Cereal prices aren't the only ones rising. Beans now cost 40 percent more in Kenya than a year earlier, while in Uganda - where maize prices are now up to 75 percent higher than a year earlier - and increasing around the key border trading hub of Busia, the prices of beans and cassava flour are both about 25 percent higher than a year ago in the capital city, Kampala.

Double jeopardy for pastoralists

Drought-affected pastoral areas in the region face even harsher conditions.

In Somalia, goat prices are up to 60 percent lower than a year ago, while in pastoralist areas of Kenya the prices of goats declined by up to 30 percent over the last twelve months.

Shortages of pasture and water caused livestock deaths and reduced body mass, prompting herders to sell animals while they can, as is also occurring in drought-wracked southern Ethiopia. This also pushes up the prices of milk, which is, for instance, up 40 percent on the year in Somalia's Gedo region.

Lower income from livestock collides with higher prices for cereals and other staple foods in a wrenching shock to terms of trade for pastoralist households. A medium-sized goat in Somalia's Buale market was worth 114 kilograms of maize in January 2016, but at today's prices can be traded for only 30 kilograms of the grain.

FAO uses its proprietary FPMA Tool, accessible to the public online, to monitor local markets and gather data for more than 1350 domestic price series in 91 countries around the globe in order to produce its Indicator of Food Price Anomalies

Contact

Christopher Emsden
FAO Media Relations (Rome)
(+39) 06 570 53291
christopher.emsden@fao.org

ORG/1643

Almost 240 Have Died in Last 5 Years, with ‘Soft’ Targets Increasingly at Risk, Says Staff Union Standing Committee

At least 32 United Nations and associated personnel were killed in the line of duty over the course of 2016, according to the Standing Committee for the Security and Independence of the International Civil Service of the United Nations Staff Union.

Among those killed were 26 peacekeepers, 2 security guards, 1 civilian staff member and 1 contractor. In deliberate attacks, the assailants used improvised explosive devices, rocket and artillery fire, mortar rounds, landmines and grenades, also staging suicide attacks, targeted assassinations and armed ambushes.

Almost 240 United Nations personnel have died in deliberate attacks over the past five years. With the Organization’s personnel called to do more with less, and increasingly working in high-risk environments and facing a growing number of deliberate attacks, the Standing Committee calls upon the Secretary-General to ensure that the necessary resources for safety and security are mobilized when and where needed, particularly in the most at-risk duty stations. The Standing Committee notes that the toll from deadly attacks could have been greater were it not for the dedicated professionalism and devotion, above and beyond the call of duty, of United Nations security and peacekeeping personnel in many high-risk areas.

Fatality Trend

In 2016, the third year in a row, the greatest loss of life was recorded in Mali, where at least 23 personnel were killed in ambushes, by improvised explosive devices or when their vehicles hit landmines. In 2015, at least 25 personnel, including 11 peacekeepers and 14 civilians and associated personnel, were killed in Mali.

In 2015, at least 51 United Nations and associated personnel were killed in the line of duty, the highest number ever recorded by the Standing Committee. Among those killed were 27 peacekeepers, including 2 police officers, and 24 civilians. In 2014, at least 61 United Nations personnel were killed: 33 peacekeepers, 16 civilians, 9 contractors and 3 consultants.

In 2013, at least 58 were killed in deliberate attacks: 33 peacekeepers and 25 civilians and associated personnel. In 2012, at least 37 United Nations personnel — 20 civilians and 17 peacekeepers, 2 of them police officers — were killed.

Other United Nations personnel paid with their lives while serving the Organization in 2016 due to accidents, critical security incidents and other causes.

Deliberate Attacks that Resulted in Death

Following is the list of deliberate attacks resulting in the deaths of United Nations personnel in 2016, according to the Staff Union’s Standing Committee for the Security and Independence of the International Civil Service:

12 February— Six Guinean peacekeepers with the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) — Henry Haba, Mohamed Nylon Camara, Micheline Lamah, Moussa Dabo, Faraban Djoumessy and Saa Victor Kantambadou — are killed in an attack against a United Nations camp in Kidal, north-eastern Mali, involving rocket attacks and a suicide bomber in a vehicle. Some 30 other peacekeepers are wounded.

15 February— A Guinean peacekeeper with MINUSMA, Mamadou Adama Barry, dies on 15 February from wounds sustained in the 12 February attack (see above).

15 February— Amer al-Kaissy, an Iraqi national who served as liaison officer for the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq (UNAMI) in Diyala, is verified murdered. Abducted in April 2015 in Diyala Governorate by unidentified persons, his body bore signs of execution by a single gunshot.

9 March— Edward Mxolisi Mnyipika, a South African peacekeeper with the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), is killed and another injured in an attack by an unknown armed group 40 kilometres south-west of Kutum, North Darfur, as the peacekeepers are travelling from Kutum to Djarido.

17 April— Khalid el Hasnaoui, a Moroccan peacekeeper with the Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA), is killed by unknown assailants in the town of Rafai, Mbomou Prefecture, Central African Republic. The incident occurs when a MINUSCA patrol is dispatched to Rafai in response to an attack on the nearby village of Agoumar by alleged elements of the Lord’s Resistance Army.

18 May— Six Chadian peacekeepers with MINUSMA — Abderahim Abdallah Abdramane, Ramat Abdelkerim Abdelkerim, Abdoulaye Yacoub Abdelhadi, Allaye Babouri Ibrahim, Eric Alladoum Taoudoum and Hassane Mahamat Mahamat — are killed and three others injured when a MINUSMA convoy hits an improvised explosive device and then comes under fire from an unknown group of armed assailants approximately 15 kilometres north of Aguelhok in Mali’s Kidal region.

29 May— Five Togolese peacekeepers with MINUSMA — Pammasi Tchadabalo, Mozoboyo Landja, Alafiah Iveideou Bamazi, Kpanté Tchédré and Komlan Segnon Akoto — are killed when their convoy is ambushed 30 kilometres west of Sevaré, on the Tenenkou-Sevaré road. Another peacekeeper is seriously injured.

31 May— Shen Liangliang, a Chinese peacekeeper with MINUSMA, is killed and a dozen United Nations personnel injured when a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device detonates at the MINUSMA camp near Gao, Mali, during an attack.

31 May— Eric Flory, a civilian contractor from France, and two security guards from Mali working for MINUSMA, are killed when a camp in another area of the city is attacked by unknown assailants.

27 June— Sisay Engida Gebo, an Ethiopian peacekeeper with the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA), is killed by a stray bullet suspected to have come from outside a United Nations camp in Sudan’s Abyei region.

10 July— Two Chinese peacekeepers — Li Lei and Yang Shupeng, with the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) — are killed during fighting between the Government troops of President Salva Kiir and forces loyal to former Vice-President Riek Machar, in Juba, South Sudan’s capital.

7 August— Djimadoun Nguelebaye, a Chadian peacekeeper with MINUSMA, is killed when his vehicle hits an improvised explosive device while escorting a convoy on the Aguel Hok-Anefis Axis, some 11 kilometres from Aguelhok.

3 October— One Chadian peacekeeper with MINUSMA, Kerim Arme Hamid, is killed and eight others are injured in four different attacks targeting MINUSMA personnel and installations in Aguelhok, Kidal region, Mali.

6 November— Essonani Beguedou, a Togolese peacekeeper with MINUSMA is killed and seven others are injured in an attack north of Douentza, Mopti region, Mali.

19 December— Moalosi Albert Mokhothu, a South African peacekeeper with the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) is killed in Butembo, North Kivu, during an exchange of fire with suspected combatants of a Mayi Mayi armed group. Two other peacekeepers from South Africa are injured.

Not included in the list of 32 fatalities are two staff members of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA). Yaser Mahmoud Shuaeeb died on 17 July, when shrapnel fragments hit his back as he was getting off a bus on his way home to Aleppo. And on 14 November, reports indicated that Husein Ali Muhsen and his uncle were killed in the south-west of rural Damascus, in an air strike near the Palestinian refugee camp of Khan Eshieh. These two incidents were not deliberate attacks on United Nations staff members, but deaths arising from working in conflict zones.

Other United Nations personnel paid with their lives while serving the Organization in 2016 due to accidents, critical security incidents and other causes.

Staff members also continued to be subjected to detention or “disappearance”. According to the latest report of the Secretary-General (document S/2016/873), 27 United Nations staff members — 25 from UNRWA, 1 from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and 1 from the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) — were detained or missing in Syria as of 30 September 2016.

For information media. Not an official record.

ORG/1643

On compte près de 240 tués parmi ce personnel au cours des cinq dernières années, les « cibles molles » étant de plus en plus exposées

Au moins 32 membres du personnel des Nations Unies et du personnel associé ont été tués en 2016 dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions, selon le Comité permanent sur la sécurité et l’indépendance de la fonction publique internationale du Syndicat du personnel de l’ONU.

Parmi ces personnes figurent 26 Casques bleus, deux agents de sécurité, un membre du personnel civil et un entrepreneur. Elles ont été tuées lors d’attaques délibérées par des engins explosifs improvisés (EEI), des tirs de roquettes et d’artillerie, des mortiers, des mines terrestres, des grenades, ainsi que lors d’attentats-suicides, d’assassinats ciblés et d’embuscades armées.

Au cours des cinq dernières années, près de 240 membres du personnel des Nations Unies sont morts lors d’attaques délibérées.

Le personnel des Nations Unies étant appelé à faire plus avec moins et à travailler de plus en plus dans des environnements à haut risque où il fait face à un nombre croissant d’attaques délibérées, le Comité demande au Secrétaire général de mobiliser les ressources nécessaires pour garantir la sécurité et la sûreté, en particulier dans les lieux d’affectation les plus à risque.

Le Comité note que le bilan de ces attaques aurait pu être plus lourd si ce n’était le professionnalisme et le dévouement, qui vont au-delà de l’appel du devoir, dont fait preuve le personnel de sécurité et de maintien de la paix des Nations Unies dans de nombreuses zones à haut risque.

Tendances

Pour la troisième année consécutive, c’est le Mali qui enregistre le plus grand nombre de membres du personnel tués, avec au moins 23 personnes fauchées dans des embuscades, des explosions de l’EEI ou lorsque leurs véhicules sont passés sur des mines terrestres. En 2015, au moins 25 personnes avaient été tuées au Mali, dont 11 Casques bleus et 14 civils membres du personnel associé.

En 2015, au moins 51 membres du personnel de l’ONU et du personnel associé ont été tués dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions, soit le nombre le plus élevé jamais enregistré par le Comité. Parmi ces personnes, il y avait 27 Casques bleus, dont 2 policiers, et 24 civils.

En 2014, on a compté au moins 61 membres du personnel de l’ONU tués: 33 Casques bleus, 16 civils, 9 contractuels et 3 consultants. Pour 2013, le chiffre était d’au moins 58 morts lors d’attaques délibérées (33 Casques bleus et 25 civils et membres du personnel associé), tandis qu’on en a compté au moins 37 en 2012, soit 20 civils et 17 Casques bleus, dont 2 policiers.

D’autres membres du personnel de l’ONU ont payé de leur vie tout en travaillant pour l’Organisation en 2016, en raison d’accidents, de graves incidents de sécurité et d’autres causes.

Incidents mortels

Liste des attaques délibérées ayant entraîné la mort de membres du personnel de l’ONU en 2016, établie par le Comité permanent sur la sécurité et l’indépendance de la fonction publique internationale du Syndicat du personnel de l’ONU:

• 12 février: six Casques bleus guinéens à la Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA) -Henry Haba, Mohamed Nylon Camara, Micheline Lamah, Moussa Dabo, Faraban Djoumessy et Saa Victor Kantambadou- sont tués dans une attaque contre un camp des Nations Unies à Kidal, dans le nord-est du Mali, par des tirs de roquettes et d’un véhicule piégé. Une trentaine d’autres Casques bleus sont blessés.

• 15 février: le Casque bleu Mamadou Adama Barry, de la Guinée, décède de ses blessures après l’attaque précitée du 12 février.

• 15 février: Amer al-Kaissy, de l’Iraq, agent de liaison pour la Mission d’assistance des Nations Unies en Iraq (MANUI) à Diyala, en Iraq, est assassiné. M. al-Kaissy avait été enlevé en avril 2015 dans la province de Diyala par des personnes non identifiées. Son corps porte des signes d’exécution par balle.

• 9 mars: Edward Mxolisi Mnyipika, de l’Afrique du Sud, membre du contingent sud-africain déployé à l’Opération hybride Union africaine-Nations Unies au Darfour (MINUAD), est tué, tandis qu’un autre est blessé, lors d’une attaque par un groupe armé inconnu, à 40 kilomètres au Sud-Ouest de Koutoum, dans le Nord du Darfour. Ces Casques bleus se rendaient de Kutum à Djarido.

• 17 avril: Khalid El Hasnaoui, membre du contingent marocain auprès de la Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation en République Centrafricaine (MINUSCA), est tué par des inconnus dans la ville de Rafaï, située dans la préfecture de Mbomou, en République centrafricaine. L’incident survient alors qu’une patrouille de la MINUSCA est envoyée à Rafaï en réponse à une attaque contre le village voisin, Agoumar, par des personnes qui appartiendraient à l’Armée de résistance du Seigneur.

• 18 mai: six Casques bleus tchadiens de la MINUSMA -Abderahim Abdallah Abdramane, Ramat Abdelkerim Abdekerim, Abdoulaye Yacoub Abdelhadi, Allaye Babouri Ibrahim, Eric Alladoum Taoudoum, Hassane Mahamat, Mahamat- sont tués et trois autres sont blessés lorsqu’un convoi de la MINUSMA percute un EEI avant d’être pris pour cible par un groupe inconnu d’assaillants armés, à environ 15 kilomètre au nord d’Aguelhok, dans la région de Kidal, au Mali.

• 29 mai: cinq Casques bleus togolais de la MINUSMA -Pammasi Tchadabalo, Mozoboyo Landja, Alafiah Iveideou Bamazi, Kpanté Tchédré et Komlan Segnon Akoto- sont tués lorsque leur convoi est pris dans une embuscade à 30 kilomètres à l’ouest de Sevaré, sur la route qui relie Tenenkou à Sevaré. Un autre Casque bleu est grièvement blessé.

• 31 mai: Shen Liangliang, un Casque bleu chinois de la MINUSMA, est tué, tandis qu’une douzaine de membres du personnel des Nations Unies sont blessés, lorsqu’une voiture piégée explose au camp de la MINUSMA près de Gao au Mali, lors d’une attaque contre un avant-poste de la Mission.

• 31 mai: Eric Flory, un contractuel français, ainsi que deux agents de sécurité maliens travaillant pour la MINUSMA, sont tués lorsqu’un camp situé dans une autre zone de la ville est attaqué par des assaillants inconnus.

• 27 juin: Sisay Engida Gebo, un Casque bleu éthiopien en poste à la Force intérimaire de sécurité des Nations Unies pour Abyei (FISNUA), est tué par une balle perdue qui aurait été tirée de l’extérieur d’un camp des Nations Unies dans la région soudanaise d’Abyei.

• 10 juillet: deux Casques bleus chinois, Li Lei et Yang Shupeng, postés à la Mission des Nations Unies au Soudan du Sud (MINUSS), sont tués à Djouba, capitale du Soudan du Sud, lors de combats entre les troupes gouvernementales du Président Salva Kiir et les forces loyales au Vice-Président Riek Machar.

• 7 août: Djimadoun Nguelebaye, Casque bleu tchadien de la MINUSMA, est tué à 11 kilomètres d’Aguelhok lors du passage de son véhicule sur un EEI, alors qu’il escorte un convoi sur l’axe Aguelhok-Anefis.

• 3 octobre: un Casque bleu tchadien de la MINUSMA, Kerim Arme Hamid, est tué, et huit autres sont blessés, dans quatre attaques différentes visant le personnel et les installations de la MINUSMA à Aguelhok, dans la région de Kidal, au Mali.

• 6 novembre: Essonani Beguedou, un Casque bleu togolais de la MINUSMA est tué et sept autres sont blessés dans une attaque menée au nord de Douentza, dans la région de Mopti, au Mali.

• 19 novembre: Moalosi Albert Mokhothu, un Casque bleu sud-africain de la Mission des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation en République démocratique du Congo (MONUSCO), est tué à Butembo, au Nord Kivu, en République démocratique du Congo, lors d’un échange de tirs avec un groupe armé qui serait des combattants mayi-mayi. Deux autres casques bleus d’Afrique du Sud sont blessés.

Cette liste ne comprend par les deux membres du personnel de l’Office de secours et de travaux des Nations Unies pour les réfugiés de Palestine dans le Proche-Orient (UNRWA).

Ainsi, le 17 juillet, Yaser Mahmoud Shuaeeb est tué après avoir été frappé dans le dos par des éclats d’obus pendant qu’il retourne en bus à Alep pour rentrer chez lui. De plus, le 14 novembre, des informations indiquent que Husein Ali Muhsen et son oncle ont été tués dans la zone rurale du sud-ouest de Damas, par un tir aérien qui frappe à proximité du camp de réfugiés palestiniens de Khan el-Chih.

Si ces deux incidents n’étaient pas des attaques délibérées contre des membres du personnel des Nations Unies, la mort de ces deux personnes résultent de leur travail dans les zones de conflit.

D’autres membres du personnel de l’ONU ont payé de leur vie tout en travaillant pour l'Organisation en 2016 à cause d’accidents, d’incidents de sécurité critiques et d’autres causes.

En outre, des membres du personnel sont toujours détenus ou « disparus ». Selon le dernier rapport du Secrétaire général (S/2016/873), 27 fonctionnaires des Nations Unies -dont 25 de l’UNRWA, un du Programme des Nations Unies pour le développement (PNUD) et un du Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’enfance (UNICEF)- ont été détenus ou disparus en Syrie avant le 30 septembre 2016.

À l’intention des organes d’information • Document non officiel.