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Chad: Sahel Crisis: Funding Status as of 29 July 2016

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Gambia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal


Chad: Tchad : Aperçu de la situation humanitaire (au 30 juin 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Central African Republic, Chad, Nigeria, Sudan

Le Tchad fait face à des crises humanitaires multiples et interconnectées, dans un contexte de vulnérabilités chroniques. L’instabilité sécuritaire a entrainé d’importants mouvements de population en provenance des pays voisins (Soudan, RCA, Nigéria) ainsi que des déplacements internes. Des millions de personnes sont touchées par l’insécurité alimentaire et la malnutrition, en particulier dans la bande sahélienne. Sur le plan sanitaire, la prévalence de certaines épidémies (rougeole, paludisme) persiste.

Enfin, la problématique des catastrophes naturelles (sécheresse, inondations localisées) demeure, aggravée par l’impact climatique du phénomène El Niño.

Nigeria: Nigeria: Humanitarian Funding Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Nigeria

World: Les conflits prolongés provoquent des hausses alarmantes des niveaux de faim aiguë

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Source: World Food Programme
Country: Afghanistan, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Iraq, Lebanon, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, World, Yemen

29 juillet 2016, Rome -**Un rapport élaboré par les deux agences onusiennes alerte sur le sort de millions de personnes vivant dans les 17 pays touchés par des conflits prolongés et qui se trouvent actuellement en situation de grave insécurité alimentaire. Selon le document présenté au Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU, ces conflits entravent également les efforts mondiaux visant à éradiquer la malnutrition.**

Une nouvelle série de 17 fiches pays préparées par l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO) et le Programme alimentaire mondial (PAM), publiée aujourd’hui, révèle que les conflits ont jusqu’à présent plongé plus de 56 millions de personnes dans des situations de « crise » ou « d'urgence » en ce qui concerne leur niveau d'insécurité alimentaire, conformément aux termes utilisés par le Cadre Intégré de classification de la sécurité alimentaire (IPC).

Le Yémen, où la sécurité alimentaire d'une grande partie de la population a souffert du conflit en cours, se trouve en tête de liste. 14 millions de personnes, soit plus de la moitié de la population, sont à présent confrontées à une crise alimentaire ou d'urgence selon le Cadre IPC. En Syrie, 8,7 millions de personnes, soit 37 pourcents de la population totale d’avant le début du conflit, ont un besoin urgent de nourriture, de nutrition et de renforcement de leurs moyens de subsistance.

Au Soudan du sud où la situation se détériore rapidement, 4,8 millions de personnes, soit 40 pourcents de la population, ont également un besoin urgent de nourriture, de nutrition et de renforcement de leurs moyens de subsistance.

Dans les pays sortant de longues périodes marquées par les conflits civils tels que la République centrafricaine et la Colombie, des millions de personnes sont toujours confrontées à des niveaux élevés d'insécurité alimentaire.

Dans d'autres pays, si le nombre total de personnes confrontées à l'insécurité alimentaire est moins important, le nombre de personnes en situation d'insécurité alimentaire aigüe peut dépasser la moitié de la population.

89 pourcents de l'ensemble des réfugiés syriens actuellement au Liban ont un besoin urgent de nourriture, de nutrition et de renforcement de leurs moyens de subsistance. Au Burundi et à Haïti, 23 pourcents et 19 pourcents de la population se classent respectivement au niveau 3 ou 4 du Cadre IPC tandis qu'en République centrafricaine, 50 pourcents de la population a atteint, voire dépasser le niveau 3 du cadre IPC.

M. José Graziano da Silva, Directeur général de la FAO et Ertharin Cousin, Directrice exécutive du PAM ont présenté ces fiches en insistant sur le fait que « les conflits faisaient partie des principales causes de la faim, et que chaque famine survenue dans l'ère moderne avait été caractérisée par un conflit». Tous deux ont également souligné la manière dont la faim attise les violences et mène à davantage d'instabilité.

« Les conflits compromettent la sécurité alimentaire de façon multiple: en détruisant les cultures, le bétail et les infrastructures agricoles, en perturbant les marchés, en provoquant des déplacements de populations, en créant un climat de peur et d'incertitude pour les besoins à venir, en compromettant les ressources humaines et en contribuant à la propagation des maladies. Les conflits créent aussi des problèmes d'accès pour les gouvernements et les organisations humanitaires, qui souvent peinent à atteindre ceux qui sont dans le besoin » ont-ils précisé.

« Lutter contre la faim peut s'avérer être utile afin de contribuer à la consolidation de la paix » ont-il indiqué, ajoutant que « Le Programme de développement durable à l'horizon 2030 fait de la paix une condition indispensable au développement, et un résultat du développement en soi. »

Un cercle vicieux

Les estimations les plus récentes suggèrent qu'environ la moitié des personnes pauvres dans le monde vivent actuellement dans des Etats touchés par des conflits et des violences.

Les personnes vivant dans ces endroits ont trois plus de chances d'être sous-alimentées que ceux vivant dans des régions plus stables.

En outre, les pays sortant d'un conflit et en situation de forte insécurité alimentaire ont 40 pour cent de chances de plus de replonger dans le chaos pendant une période de 10 ans si les niveaux de faim n'ont pas baissé.

Contribuer à la consolidation de la paix des Nations Unies

Les fiches partagées aujourd'hui avec le Conseil de sécurité couvrent 17 pays où les conflits ont gravement affecté la sécurité alimentaire : en Amérique Latine et aux Caraïbes, avec Haïti et la Colombie, en Afrique; au Burundi, en République centrafricaine, en République démocratique du Congo, en Guinée Bissau, en Côte d'ivoire, au Libéria, au Mali, en Somalie, au Soudan du sud et au Soudan, au Moyen-Orient; au Liban, en Irak, en Syrie et au Yémen, et en Asie, en Afghanistan.

Une fiche supplémentaire portant sur la crise dans la région du Lac Tchad, affectant le Nigéria, le Niger, le Tchad et le Cameroun a également été présentée. Là-bas, la violence associée aux actes du groupe Boko Haram a fait tripler le nombre de personnes déplacées en deux ans et provoque l'aggravation de la faim et de la malnutrition.

La FAO et le PAM produiront des rapports réguliers sur la situation de la sécurité alimentaire dans les pays touchés par les conflits, pour le Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU.

  • Dans les pays où le Cadre IPC ou un outil dérivé, le Cadre Harmonisé (CH) sont utilisés pour mesurer l’insécurité alimentaire, les résultats les plus récents de l’IPC et du CH étaient utilisés pour préparer ces fiches. Pour les pays où l’IPC n’a pas été utilisé, tels que la Colombie, le Liban ou encore la Syrie, les données et analyses existantes tirées du Système mondial d’information et d’alerte rapide de la FAO (GIEWS) et du mécanisme d’analyse et de cartographie de la vulnérabilité du PAM (VAM) étaient utilisées. Pour les pays ne rentrant pas dans le cadre IPC, certains résultats sont exprimés avec des termes IPC en tant qu’indicateur général de la gravité de l’insécurité alimentaire et en fonction des normes établies par l’IPC, mais n’ont pas été calculés en suivant la méthode officielle du cadre IPC.

Chad: Chad: Food security and nutrition situation snapshot (July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Chad

FOOD SECURITY

Due to the significant drop in agricultural production, the most vulnerable households are getting poorer. Despite ongoing emergency food assistance, more than a quarter of Chad’s population is food insecure with a risk of deterioration if additional funding is not mobilised. Analysis of Harmonised Framework in March 2016 estimated over one million people suffering from severe food insecurity during the lean season, an increase of more than 400,000 compared to the 2015 lean season.

NUTRITION

Trends in acute malnutrition show a deterioration of the nutritional situation in several regions, particularly in Kanem, Barh el Gazel and Lac. The implementation of emergency humanitarian response to acute malnutrition is a priority in 15 regions and in refugee camps and sites of returnee and internally displaced people (IDPs). The fight against acute malnutrition is carried out through a set of interventions in nutrition, health, education, water, hygiene and sanitation.

Chad: Tchad : Aperçu de la situation en sécurité alimentaire et nutrition (juillet 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Chad

SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE

Du fait de la baisse significative de la production agricole, les ménages les plus vulnérables continuent de s’appauvrir. Malgré l’assistance alimentaire d’urgence en cours, plus d’un quart de la population tchadienne est en insécurité alimentaire avec un risque d’aggravation si des moyens supplémentaires ne sont pas mobilisés. L’analyse du Cadre Harmonisé en mars 2016 estime plus d’un million de personnes en insécurité alimentaire sévère pour la période de soudure, soit une hausse de plus de 400 000 personnes par rapport à la période de soudure de 2015.

NUTRITION

Les tendances de la malnutrition aigüe montrent une détérioration de la situation nutritionnelle dans plusieurs régions, notamment dans le Kanem, le Barh-el-Gazel et au Lac. La mise en œuvre d’une réponse humanitaire d’urgence à la malnutrition aigüe est prioritaire dans 15 régions et dans les sites de réfugiés, retournés et déplacés internes. La lutte contre la malnutrition aigüe s’effectue à travers un ensemble d’interventions portant sur la nutrition, la santé, l’éducation, l’eau, l’hygiène et l’assainissement.

Cameroon: Cameroon: Humanitarian Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Nigeria

KEY DRIVERS OF THE CRISIS

  • Recurring natural disasters such as droughts and floods combined with the volatility of markets, pushed many households and communities into chronic vulnerability.

  • Conflict in northern Nigeria and CAR continue to displace refugees to Cameroon, and causes internal displacements. In addition, increasing insecurity in the far North of Cameroon and along the border of CAR hampers humanitarian access.

  • Poor coverage of sanitation and access to clean water remain the main causes of malnutrition and water-borne diseases.

Burkina Faso: Burkina Faso: Humanitarian Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Burkina Faso, Mali

KEY DRIVERS OF THE CRISIS

  • Chronic structural vulnerabilities compounded by recurrent shocks (droughts, floods, epidemics, locusts) have eroded household and community resilience that need to be reinforced.

  • Prolonged displacement puts additional stress on the communities hosting 33,692 Malian refugees since 2012 and 15,088 of their animals.


Gambia: Gambia: Humanitarian Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Gambia, Senegal

KEY DRIVERS OF THE CRISIS

  • Endemic of food insecurity due to crop failure/ poor harvest, rising food prices and loss of livelihoods as a result of frequent natural disasters (droughts, floods).

  • Lack of integrated early warning systems to facilitate early response and assist affected populations to cope better with shocks.

  • Poor sanitation and access to clean water are main causes of waterborne diseases. Prevalence of epidemics, lack of access to adequate health services and poor health service delivery

  • Lack of lasting peace in southern Senegal leading to sporadic inflow of refugees

Chad: Chad: Humanitarian Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Chad

KEY DRIVERS OF THE CRISIS

  • Food insecurity aggravated by chronic drought and negative coping strategies, in the context of limited capacity. Malnutrition is not only linked to food insecurity, but also caused by poor eating habits.

  • Recent and former population displacement due to conflicts in neighboring CAR, Libya, Nigeria, and Sudan (security volatility around Chad).

  • Lack of functional health facilities and qualified medical staff (only 450 doctors for 13.2 million people), poor sanitation and limited access to clean water and basic services.

  • A country prone to natural disasters such as drought, floods and crop enemies, which further undermine the already fragile livelihoods of the most vulnerable.

Nigeria: Lake Chad Basin - Complex Emergency Fact Sheet #10, Fiscal Year (FY) 2016

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Source: US Agency for International Development
Country: Cameroon, Chad, Niger, Nigeria, United States of America

Highlights

  • FEWS NET reports critical levels of food insecurity and acute malnutrition in Borno State, Nigeria
  • Approximately 257,000 people need humanitarian assistance in Chad’s Lac Region
  • State/PRM announces $27 million to support humanitarian assistance in the Lake Chad Basin

Key Developments

  • In June, the Government of Nigeria (GoN) declared a nutritional emergency in Borno State and released an emergency response plan to address acute malnutrition and deteriorating food security. In early July, the USAID-funded Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) and other food security actors released a joint alert that Famine—IPC 5—levels of food insecurity may be occurring in some areas of the state.
  • The Food Security and Nutrition Working Group (FSNWG) reported that FSNWG partners plan to provide food security interventions to more than 2.2 million people in northeastern Nigeria during the July-to-October lean season.
  • During a visit to the Lake Chad Basin in mid-July, State/PRM Assistant Secretary (A/S) Anne Richard announced an additional $27 million to support humanitarian response efforts in the region.
  • In July, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported that approximately 257,000 people were in need of humanitarian assistance in Chad’s Lac Region. The UN agency requested $16 million to support humanitarian interventions in the region during the next three months.
  • The Niger UN Humanitarian Country Team has allocated $1 million from the African Development Bank to support health care services and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions in Niger’s Diffa Region, following the displacement of approximately 70,000 people in Bosso Department in late May and early June. The UN is also preparing an appeal for additional rapid response funding from the UN Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) to meet other urgent humanitarian needs in the region.
  • Following an attack by armed actors on a UN convoy delivering humanitarian assistance in Borno on July 29, the UN temporarily suspended relief operations outside of Borno’s Maiduguri local government area (LGA) until security improves.

Nigeria: USG Response to Lake Chad Basin Region (Last Updated 07/29/16)

Mauritania: Mauritania: Humanitarian Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Mali, Mauritania

Key Drivers of the Crisis

  • Food insecurity, malnutrition and overall vulnerability are results of recurring natural hazards (droughts, floods), increasing food prices and overall scarcity of resources.
  • The country continues to host Malian refugees, their returns are contingent on restoring peace and security in Northern Mali.
  • Diseases under epidemiological surveillance are likely to report increased number of cases as a result of poor access to health structures and water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities.

Mali: Mali: Humanitarian Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Mali

Key Drivers of the Crisis

  • Chronic vulnerability: recurrent shocks (droughts, floods, epidemics, locust), chronic poverty and market instability have contributed to the deterioration of livelihoods and to a lack of opportunities for youth.
  • The presence of State administration, the access to drinking water and to basic social services remain limited in areas of insecurity in parts of the north and center of Mali which increases the vulnerability of communities.
  • Inter-community conflicts and socio-political factors continue to fuel sporadic displacements. Continued insecurity and limited access to social services in parts of the north and center of Mali impede the durable return of displaced persons and refugees.

Niger: Niger: Humanitarian Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Niger

Key Drivers of the Crisis

  • Poverty, demographic pressure and recurrent shocks (droughts, floods, epidemics, and high food prices) are among the key causes of vulnerability amongst households and communities.
  • Insecurity in neighboring countries, notably Mali and Nigeria, has led to displacements to Niger. In addition, the country is experiencing internal displacement of people due to armed attacks by insurgents that have been occurring in Diffa since Feb 2015.

Senegal: Senegal: Humanitarian Overview (as of 29 July 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Senegal

Key Drivers of the Crisis

  • The approaching lean season, as well as low and late funding, continue to increase the overall chronic vulnerability and erode communities' resilience, many of which resort to negative coping strategies.
  • The nutritional situation is critical, with two several regions and departments exceeding the WHO threshold of 15%. The north east of the country is particularly affected by the nutritional crisis, requiring an urgent intervention in the coming months.
  • Recurring floods during the rainy season could affect over 210.000 persons. The provision of hygiene kits and WASH-in-Nut programmes will be essential to avoid a further deterioration of the nutritional situation and to strengthen communities’ resilience.

Nigeria: Aid continues despite attack on humanitarian convoy in northeast Nigeria: UNICEF

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Source: UN Children's Fund
Country: Nigeria

ABUJA, Nigeria, 28 July 2016 - UNICEF continues to provide assistance to millions of conflict-affected children in northeast Nigeria, despite yesterday’s attack on a humanitarian convoy.

As a result of the attack, in which one UNICEF staff member was injured, travel by UN staff to high risk areas has been temporarily suspended.

“We are working at full strength in the Borno state capital, Maiduguri,” stressed UNICEF Nigeria Representative Jean Gough. “We continue to call for increased efforts to reach people in desperate need across the state. We cannot let this heartless attack divert any of us from reaching the more than two million people who are in dire need of immediate humanitarian assistance.”

UNICEF has called on donors and humanitarian organizations to scale-up the response to the emerging disaster in Borno state, which is the most affected by the conflict with Boko Haram.

Before the attack, security conditions had been improving in several areas.

“Our teams were finding people living on the brink of disaster,” said Jean Gough, “The violence has disrupted farming and markets, destroyed food stocks, and damaged or destroyed health and water facilities. We absolutely have to reach more of these communities.”

UNICEF estimates that 244,000 children will suffer from severe acute malnutrition this year in Borno state alone and if they are not reached with treatment, one in five of them will die.

UNICEF has provided two million people with health services and treated 56,000 children for malnutrition in the three conflict-affected states of northeast Nigeria. A quarter of a million people have improved access to clean water, and over 200,000 children have been able to go back to school.

Despite the temporary suspension of travel to high risk areas, UNICEF plans to scale-up its response in Borno state. At the beginning of the year, UNICEF appealed for US$55 million for its emergency work, of which US$23 million has so far been received.

About UNICEF

UNICEF promotes the rights and wellbeing of every child, in everything we do. Together with our partners, we work in 190 countries and territories to translate that commitment into practical action, focusing special effort on reaching the most vulnerable and excluded children, to the benefit of all children, everywhere. For more information about UNICEF and its work visit: www.unicef.org.

For more information about UNICEF and its work visit www.unicef.org.

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For further information, please contact:
Doune Porter, UNICEF Nigeria, Tel: +234 803 525 0273, dporter@unicef.org

Sudan: Sudan: Key Message Update, July 2016

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: South Sudan, Sudan

Main season rainfall above average over most of Sudan

Key Messages

  • More than 4.4 million people are expected to face Crisis (IPC Phase 3) or worse acute food insecurity between July and September 2016, including more than 100,000 people in Emergency (IPC Phase 4). Current food insecurity is being driven by El Nino-related drought in 2015, exacerbated in South Kordofan, Blue Nile, and Darfur States by continued conflict that has caused displacement and disruptions to livelihoods and markets.

  • Rainfall between early June and late July has been above average over most surplus-producing areas of east and central Sudan. This rainfall has contributed to development of rainfed and irrigated crops and has generated sufficient pasture for animals in most areas. However, excessive rainfall has also caused severe flash floods, particularly in North Darfur, West Kordofan, South Kordofan, Blue Nile, Gazeira, Khartoum, and Kassala States. Floods in these areas have damaged houses, infrastructure and led to loss of life and productive assets.

  • Water levels in the Nile River and its branches have reached very high levels for this early point in the season, with levels at the Ed Diem monitoring point in the Blue Nile reaching alarming levels. This highlights the increased risk of flooding as heavy rains forecast in the Ethiopian and Eritrean highlands during the next few weeks are expected to flow downstream and may cause additional flooding.

  • Prices for staple cereals were seasonably stable between May and June across most reference markets, but remain much higher than normal (35 percent above June 2015, 44 percent above the five-year average, in the case of sorghum) as supply remains tight during the ongoing lean season. Prices for locally produced wheat also remained stable due to supply from the April/May harvest and sufficient availability of imported/subsidized wheat and wheat flour. Staple food prices will likely remain high until September 2016, when the near-farm harvest of 2016 is collected.

  • Refugees continue to flee South Sudan for Sudan, increasing food assistance needs. New arrivals include 7,000 refugees who fled conflict in Raja town, South Sudan in June for El Ferdous locality in East Darfur and about 5,745 refugees who have fled Unity State for West Kordofan since late June. The number of refugees from South Sudan is expected to increasing in the coming months.

Niger: Niger Price Bulletin, July 2016

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Niger

Millet, maize, cowpea, and imported rice are the most important food commodities. Millet is consumed by both rural and poor urban households throughout the country. Maize and imported rice are most important for urban households, while cowpea is mainly consumed by poor households in rural and urban areas as a protein source. Niamey is the most important national market and an international trade center, and also supplies urban households. Tillaberi is also an urban center that supplies the surrounding area. Gaya market represents a main urban market for maize with cross-border connections. Maradi, Tounfafi, and Diffa are regional assembly and cross-border markets for Niger and other countries in the region. These are markets where households and herders coming from the northern cereal deficit areas regularly buy their food. Agadez and Zinder are also important national and regional markets. Nguigmi and Abalak are located in pastoral areas, where people are heavily dependent on cereal markets for their food supply. They are particularly important during the rainy season, when herders are confined to the pastoral zone.

Nigeria: Nigeria Price Bulletin, July 2016

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Nigeria

Sorghum, maize, millet, cowpea, gari (fermented cassava starch), and rice are all found in Nigerian markets. Sorghum, millet and maize are widely consumed by most households, but especially in the north, and are used by various industries. Maize is mainly used by the poultry industry as a raw material for feed while sorghum is used by breweries for producing beverages. Sorghum and millet are important for households in the north, particularly the border markets where millet is also heavily traded with Niger. Gari is widely consumed by households in the south and some in the north. Rice is produced and consumed throughout the country. The north is a major production and consumption area for cowpea which flows to the south for use by households and food processing industries.
Ilela, Maidua, and Damasak are all critical cross-border markets with Niger. Saminaka, Giwa, Dandume, and Kaura Namuda are important grain markets in the north, which are interconnected with the Dawanu market in Kano, the largest wholesale market in West Africa, and some southern markets such as the Bodija market in Ibadan. Millet, sorghum, maize, and cowpea are among the most important cereals traded at Dawanu, while cassava and some cereals are traded with Bodija.

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