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Mali: Mali: Evolution des mouvements de population (au 30 Avril 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Mali

Eléments clés

36 762 personnes déplacées internes (7 019 ménages) ont été enregistrées et identifiées par le programme DTM dans l’ensemble des régions du Mali. 27 422 PDIs sont dans les régions nord et 9 340 PDIs dans les régions sud.

Une enquête réalisée auprès des personnes déplacées montre que 55,2% des ménages interrogés souhaitent retourner dans leur lieu d’origine tandis que 43,2% souhaitent rester sur leur lieu de déplacement.

Une enquête réalisée auprès des personnes déplacées concernant les besoins primaires des PDIs a mis en évidence le fait que 38% des ménages interrogés ont des besoins alimentaires, 32% des besoins en termes d’argent et 13% en termes d’abris.

515 856 personnes retournées, soit 468 467 PDIs retournées et 47 389 rapatriés (anciens réfugiés).


Mali: Vingt-neuvième réunion des Chefs de Missions des Nations Unies en Afrique de l’Ouest

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Source: UN Office for West Africa
Country: Benin, Cabo Verde, Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger

Dakar, 20 mai 2016

  1. A l’invitation du Représentant Spécial du Secrétaire général des Nations Unies pour l'Afrique de l'Ouest et le Sahel et Chef du Bureau des Nations Unies pour l'Afrique de l'Ouest et le Sahel (UNOWAS), les Chefs des missions des Nations Unies en Afrique de l'Ouest ont tenu, le 20 mai 2016 à Dakar, leur vingt-neuvième réunion consultative de haut niveau.

  2. Etaient présents, les Représentants spéciaux du Secrétaire général des Nations Unies et Chefs de mission au Liberia (UNMIL), M. Farid Zarif ; en Guinée Bissau (UNIOGBIS), M. Modibo Touré ; et en Afrique de l’Ouest et au Sahel (UNOWAS), M. Mohamed Ibn Chambas ; ainsi que les Représentants spéciaux adjoints du Secrétaire général des Nations Unies au Mali (MINUSMA), M. Koen Davidse; et en Afrique de l’Ouest et au Sahel (UNOWAS), Mme Hiroute Guebre Sellassie.

  3. L’objectif de cette réunion biannuelle est de réfléchir et d’échanger sur les dynamiques de paix et de sécurité dans les zones d’intervention respectives des missions et dans la région de l’Afrique de l’Ouest en général, et de renforcer la coordination afin de répondre aux défis communs dans les domaines des élections, de la sécurité, de l’extrémisme violent, du crime transnational organisé, des processus de réforme constitutionnelle et de transitions démocratiques dans la région de l’Afrique de l’ouest.

  4. La réunion s’est félicitée des processus électoraux pacifiques et transparents au Benin,
    Cabo Verde et Niger. Les participants ont relevé que la région pourrait devenir un modèle en ce qui concerne les transitions démocratiques. A cet égard, les Chefs de mission ont exprimé l’espoir que les prochaines élections au Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, en Côte d’Ivoire, Gambie, Ghana, et au Mali connaitront des succès similaires et qu’elles consolideront les processus démocratiques dans les pays sortant d’une situation de crises. En outre, les participants ont relevé la nécessité de renforcer la promotion d’une représentativité accrue des femmes dans la sphère politique.

  5. La réunion s’est félicitée des réformes constitutionnelles en cours dans un certain nombre de pays qui préservent tous les limitations de mandat présidentiel et renforcent les institutions, pour consolider la démocratie. La réunion encourage le développement de programmes nationaux et régionaux améliorés pour la collecte et la gestion des armes et armes légères.

  6. Les Chefs de Missions ont fermement condamne les récentes attaques terroristes dans la région et ont souligné l’importance de soutenir les pays de la région et les organisations régionales à faire face à cette menace. Les participants ont souligné le besoin d’appliquer une approche inclusive, qui combine des mesures sécuritaires de lutte contre le terrorisme et des mesures préventives qui permettront de répondre aux causes profondes de l’extrémisme violent, en harmonie avec le plan d’action du Secrétaire général pour prévenir l’extrémisme violent.

  7. Les Chefs de Missions condamnent fermement le meurtre de cinq casques bleus du contingent tchadien de la MINUSMA dans le nord du Mali le 18 mai 2016 8. Les participants ont relevé l’impact du changement climatique sur les pays de l’Afrique de l’Ouest et du Sahel. En ce qui concerne les mouvements migratoires dans la région, les Chefs de Missions ont exhorté une approche régionale qui prend en compte les causes profondes de la migration ainsi que les questions développementales.

  8. Les participants se sont félicités des progrès réalisés dans la lutte contre la Maladie à Virus Ebola et ont appelé les gouvernements et les partenaires internationaux à rester engagés dans le processus de relèvement-Ebola.

  9. Les Chefs de Missions ont exhorté à la mise en œuvre de l’accord de paix malien. La réunion s’est félicitée de l’engagement des différents acteurs et initiatives au Mali et au Sahel, soulignant l’importance de la coordination afin de créer des synergies et d’accroitre les impacts positifs au bénéfice des populations de la région.

  10. Les Chefs de Mission ont discuté de la situation en Guinée Bissau suite à la dissolution du Gouvernement du Premier Ministre Carlos Correia. Ils ont pris note des efforts en cours par toutes les parties. Ils ont exhorté les parties prenantes nationales à promouvoir le dialogue, l’inclusivité et l’Etat de droit et à protéger et defendre les intérêts des populations tout en continuant à rechercher une solution durable à la crise politique.

  11. Concernant la situation au Liberia, les participants se sont félicités des efforts au niveau national dans la préparation des élections présidentielle et législative de 2017. Les Chefs de Missions ont exprimé leur souhait d’un progrès accru dans la réforme constitutionnelle et la lutte contre les vols à main armée et les violences basées sur le genre et ont encouragé la mise à disposition de ressources suffisantes pour la transition sécuritaire en cours au Gouvernement du Liberia.

  12. Les participants ont convenu d’une collaboration étroite continue et du partage de l’information et des expériences sur les questions importantes affectant la région.

  13. Les Chefs de Mission ont remercié le SRSG Ibn Chambas de UNOWAS pour l’organisation de la réunion.

Nigeria: Would-be bomber escapes Boko Haram captors in Nigeria

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Source: Agence France-Presse
Country: Nigeria

Kano, Nigeria | AFP | Monday 5/23/2016 - 12:16 GMT

by Aminu ABUBAKAR

A Nigerian mother of three has described how she escaped from Boko Haram Islamists after being abducted, drugged and told she was going to become a suicide bomber.

Khadija Ibrahim, 30, said she was snatched by two men from a bus station in the northeastern city of Maiduguri on Friday, as she travelled to see her doctor for medical treatment.

Her account backs up theories that female suicide bombers used by Boko Haram are not willing participants. The group has deployed the tactic against civilian "soft" targets since mid-2014.

"They offered me a lift, which I readily accepted because I wanted to be at the hospital on time. They drugged me by placing something on my nose and I lost consciousness," she told reporters on Sunday.

"I just woke up to realise I had been stripped and strapped with a suicide vest and heard one of my captors whispering to me that I was going to do God's work."

Ibrahim, who has three children, said the kidnappers told her she was being taken to attack the Kantin Kwari textile market in the northern city of Kano.

But she said she came round from the effects of the drugs and feigned unconsciousness until she saw her chance to escape when the car overheated twice on the way and was forced to stop.

Ibrahim said she managed to unfasten the bomb vest during the second breakdown, which happened after they reached Kano late on Friday.

"While the driver went to look for water the other man went out to the opened bonnet to examine the engine, which gave me an opportunity to ran out of the vehicle," she said.

Another young woman who was in the car with her may also have been drugged, she suggested, as she looked "dumb and unaware of what was happening around her".

It is not known what happened to her.

Ibrahim said she was picked up by a man in the Hotoro neighbourhood of Kano late on Friday, who took her to the police.

They then handed her to the state governor, Umar Ganduje.

"If this woman had not regained consciousness the story would have been different by now," he told reporters.

Boko Haram has attacked the Kantin Kwari market before. In December 2014, two young female suicide bombers killed four people, while a third refused to detonate her explosives and was arrested.

In July 2014 there was a spate of suicide bomb attacks by young women in Kano, which led the state government to cancel celebrations to mark the end of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.

abu/phz/txw

© 1994-2016 Agence France-Presse

Mali: Mali : Matrice de Suivi des Déplacements (DTM) - avril 2016

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Source: International Organization for Migration, Government of the Republic of Mali
Country: Algeria, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger

Eléments clés

  • 36 762 personnes déplacées internes (7 019 ménages) ont été enregistrées et identifiées par le programme DTM dans l’ensemble des régions du Mali. 27 422 PDIs sont dans les régions nord et 9 340 PDIs dans les régions sud.

  • Une enquête réalisée auprès des personnes déplacées montre que 55,2% des ménages interrogés souhaitent retourner dans leur lieu d’origine tandis que 43,2% souhaitent rester sur leur lieu de déplacement.

    • Une enquête réalisée auprès des personnes déplacées concernant les besoins primaires des PDIs a mis en évidence le fait que 38% des ménages interrogés ont des besoins alimentaires, 32% des besoins en termes d’argent et 13% en termes d’abris.
  • 515 856 personnes retournées, soit 468 467 PDIs retournées et 47 389 rapatriés (anciens réfugiés).

Introduction

Afin d’orienter la réponse humanitaire et de faciliter le retour et la réintégration des personnes déplacées internes (PDIs) et des réfugiés, la Direction Nationale du Développement Social (DNDS), fournit depuis décembre 2014 des informations à l’ensemble de la communauté humanitaire et aux pouvoirs publics afin de répondre aux besoins des populations déplacées, retournées et rapatriés au Mali.

Le transfert du programme de matrice de suivi des déplacements (DisplacementTracking Matrix, DTM en anglais) au Gouvernement par l’Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations (OIM), en Novembre 2014 à travers la DNDS et la signature de l’accord de partenariat entre le gouvernement et l’UNHCR pour l’enregistrement des rapatriés, en Avril 2015, ont permis à la DNDS une centralisation et une meilleure coordination des données sur les mouvements de populations.

L’objectif du programme DTM est de collecter des données actualisées sur les mouvements de populations générés par le conflit. Les évaluations menées dans le cadre de ce programme permettent de collecter des données concernant les populations déplacées, rapatriés et retournées, les besoins de protection ainsi que des informations concernant les zones de retour.

La méthodologie et les outils utilisés par le programme DTM ont été élaborés par la Commission Mouvement de Populations (CMP), groupe de travail du cluster protection. Pour l’enregistrement des rapatriés, une Procédure Opérationnelle Standard (POS) est établie entre la DNDS et l’UNHCR.

Les équipes DTM sont présentes dans l’ensemble des régions du Mali et sont composées d’agent du Ministère de la Solidarité, de l’Action Humanitaire et de la Reconstruction du Nord (MSAHRN).

Le programme DTM, dans le cadre de l’enregistrement des PDIs, PDIs retournées et l’évaluation des besoins des dans les zones de retour bénéficie de l’appui technique et du soutien financier de l’Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations (OIM) à travers ses partenaires (Japon, USAID/OFDA). L’enregistrement des rapatriés a l’appui financier et technique de l’UNHCR.

(Toutes les données présentées dans ce rapport sont disponibles au niveau des cercles, communes et villages. Pour plus d’information, merci de contacter M. Abdramane Niama TOGORA : ant.togora@yahoo.fr)

Sudan: Sudan - Complex Emergency Fact Sheet #4, Fiscal Year 2016

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Source: US Agency for International Development
Country: South Sudan, Sudan, United States of America

HIGHLIGHTS

  • Approximately 5.8 million people in Sudan are in need of humanitarian assistance, the 2016 HNO reports

  • Ongoing insecurity continues to constrain access and needs verification in Jebel Marra

  • More than 4 million people will face at least Crisis levels of food insecurity between March and September 2016

KEY DEVELOPMENTS

  • Humanitarian actors are responding to the needs of people displaced by persistent conflict in Darfur Region’s Jebel Marra area—a mountainous region that encompasses parts of Central, North, and South Darfur states.

  • Insecurity and related displacement and livelihood disruptions will likely increase food insecurity in the Two Areas of Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile states, as well as the Darfur Region, through September 2016, according to the USAID-funded Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET).

  • In response to the ongoing influx of South Sudanese refugees to Sudan, particularly East Darfur State, humanitarian organizations are scaling up multi-sector relief activities to address outstanding needs, including food assistance; protection; health; and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) response gaps, according to the UN.

Mali: Helen Clark: Speech at the Countering Radicalization, Recovering from Crisis and Fostering Stability in the Sahel: Mali’s case side event

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Source: UN Development Programme
Country: Cameroon, Chad, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia

I am delighted to join this important meeting on countering radicalization, recovering from crisis, and fostering stability in the Sahel.

Acting to thwart radicalization and violent extremism is essential for countries to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), meet their full development potential, and reduce the need for future humanitarian interventions.

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 promotes peaceful and inclusive societies, access to justice, inter-cultural understanding, and an ethic of global citizenship. This requires tolerance, and respect for human rights and diversity. That is vital for building harmonious societies, and especially for dealing with some of the root causes of violent extremism.

In February I visited Mali, which as we have heard continues to suffer serious attacks by violent extremists. It is said that there are too few positive opportunities for youth there – and plenty of negative opportunities. Yet, speaking to youth in Mali, it is clear that they want positive choices – such as in work and civic engagement. Violent extremists in Mali feed on what I call the three “I”s: lack of income; ignorance; and perceived injustice. So jobs, education, and engagement, are vital. Youth unemployment is a critical issue from the Sahel to the Horn of Africa, and from the Maghreb, across the Arab States region to Afghanistan and beyond.

In order to better understand the process of radicalization and the drivers of violent extremism, UNDP over the last two years held consultations, conducted studies, and commissioned research on these issues. We found that around the world the main drivers of these phenomena are a combination of:

• poverty and low human development;

• economic and political exclusion and marginalization; and

• weak social contracts and high levels of societal divisions along ethnic or religious lines.

Yet while there are a number of common factors driving radicalization, there are also some important differences between countries. For example, socio-economic factors tend to emerge as prominent drivers in the Sahel, the Lake Chad Basin, Somalia and Nigeria, while political grievances are a more prominent factor in some other places.

The most fertile grounds for radicalization are often in border areas where there is a perception and/or the reality of neglect from capitals.

How can development actors respond to violent extremism in Africa?

UNDP believes that the prevention of violent extremism is best pursued through comprehensive, integrated, and long-term development approaches. This calls for co-ordinated and collaborative partnerships between governments, development partners, and civic groups.

In November 2015, UNDP launched a four-year regional initiative on “Preventing and responding to violent extremism in Africa”. The initiative aims to support regional institutions, governments, communities, and at-risk individuals themselves to address the drivers of extremism. The activities focus on countries which are directly affected by conflicts driven by violent extremists, countries affected by the spill-over of those conflicts, and those countries at risk of seeing a risk in violent extremism.

Together with partners, UNDP is:

• developing and implementing integrated regional and national policies and strategies on the rule of law and on peer-to-peer, community and faith-based interventions to prevent youth radicalization and to de-escalate local conflicts;

• supporting job creation schemes and other means to give more opportunity and purpose to young people and excluded communities in order to protect communities against radicalization; and

• working with local governments to strengthen public administration and the extension of state authority, encourage participatory governance, and sustain efforts to address inequality.

In Mali, for example, since 2013 UNDP has supported the “Social Cohesion and National Reconciliation” project, which is implemented in collaboration with local NGOs in the North of Mali covering the regions of Mopti, Gao, Timbuktu, and Kidal, working closely across communities there; and the “Youth and Resilience Project” to train young people in labour-intensive activities related to the rehabilitation of basic infrastructure and sanitation in the regions of Mopti, Timbuktu, and in parts of Bamako.

Through the Global Environment Facility and in support of environmental protection and adaptation to climate change in the Faguibine Ecosystem in the Timbuktu region of Mali, some 7,000 jobs have been created for youth and women. The project benefits 218,000 people in twenty rural communes and supports 6,786 producers, including 1,516 women. Revenue-generating activities were created for more than 2,500 women, and over 90,000 people benefit from rehabilitated drinking water points.

To conclude:

Radicalization and violent extremism threaten Africa’s hard-won development gains and pose a serious threat to all countries.

Jobs, education, better governance, rule of law, and improving inclusion and tolerance in communities are key components in building more peaceful societies. Approaches are needed which balance development and security, and which address the root causes pushing individuals onto a path of radicalization.

UNDP is committed to playing its part in building harmonious societies, and in helping deal with the root causes of violent extremism in the Sahel and around the world.

Nigeria: Former Boko Haram captives face stigma, rejection in Nigeria

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Source: Deutsche Welle
Country: Nigeria

There was huge relief after one of the missing Chibok girls was found. She is one of the many captives who have been set free from Boko Haram. But those freed face a tough time of re-integrating back into society.

The last few days seem to have been a bag of good and bad news for the Nigerian military. First, the army received a major morale boost after they paraded one of the missing Chibok girls who was found by a vigilante group roaming the vast Sambisa forest.

The news was quickly followed by another girl being freed, alongside many other women and children rescued from Boko Haram's captivity by Nigerian troops, who are carrying out "Operation Sambisa Crackdown."

The army then said she was another Chibok girl, but it turned out she was not. There are hundreds, if not thousands of people who for a period of time lived under the shadow of what has been described as the world's deadliest terrorist group. An unknown number of people, including the more than 200 Chibok girls, are still being held by the Islamists.

This year, a report by the global children agency UNICEF, warned that freed Nigerian women and their children who were under Boko Haram's control are being rejected by their communities.

The women and girls, who in most cases were raped by Boko Haram militants, forced to marry the fighters or work as domestic workers, return home only to discover they have now been labeled "annoba," a Hausa word which roughly translates to "epidemics" or "Boko Haram wives."

Fears of radicalization

Many residents fear that these women may have been radicalized by Boko Haram. They base their arguments on the rising numbers of suicide bombings that have been carried out by women and girls in recent months. Their rejection by the community is among several unintended consequences of the military's recent successful bid to liberate territories previously held for months by Boko Haram.

Freed Nigerian women who had been held captive by Boko Haram are being rejected by their family and community due to fear that some of these girls and women were radicalized in captivity. Some community members worry that they may try to recruit others to fight with the militant group, which has been terrorizing northern Nigeria for more than six years.

One resident who spoke with DW on condition of anonymity, said her family recently hosted relatives who had been rescued from Boko Haram but that many members of her family were scared that the returnees had been brainwashed [radicalized] in order to harm others. "Nobody slept the first night they were here," she said. The host family felt very insecure sleeping in the same room with former Boko Haram captives.

"They are people we trust. They are family and before they were in such a calamity we trusted them," she added.

Spotlight on the media

Nasiru Abbas, the Secretary General of Nigeria's Civil Society congress, told DW that the media and the society have a role to play as a way of reducing stigmatization and rejection of these women and children, who desperately need support to start rebuilding their lives.

"We are calling on the media outfits, particularly print and electronic media, to see to it that by the time they showcase these girls, they make sure that they cover their faces, in order to safeguard them," Abbas said. "The people should also embrace them. They should not be seen or be considered as outcasts. They are a part of us."

Comrade Ramatu Tijjani, head of Nigeria's Peace Revival Foundation, a civil society organization based in Kaduna State, in northern Nigeria, called on the Nigerian government to do more in assisting the victims of Boko Haram. "All they need to do is give these children guidance and counseling," she said. According to Tijjani, skill acquisition is one of ways which could help the children avoid negative psychological side-effects.

Al-Amin Muhammad contributed to this article.

Nigeria: Nigeria UNHCR Weekly Update - May 2016

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Cameroon, Nigeria

Return of Nigerian Refugees

UNHCR, in collaboration with Nigeria Immigration Service (NIS) and Nigerian Red Cross Society (NRCS) has registered a total of 22,092 Nigerian returnees from Cameroon from August 2015 through May 2016. The Cameroonian government has further identified over 67,000 Nigerians who returned from Northern Cameroon mainly at the Fotokol border to Gamboru Ngala, Borno from January through April 2016. In response, the Governor of Borno State has promised to give 2 cars and 5 million Naira to NIS to assist in opening the Cameroonian border post with Borno within a month. NIS, in collaboration with UNHCR, will shortly commence the registration of returnees at the Fotokol border point.

The Government of Cameroon has shared a draft tripartite agreement with the Government of Nigeria. A Regional Protection Dialogue, supported by UNHCR, is planned for 6-10 June 2016, to take place in Abuja, which will bring together officials from the four Lake Chad Basin countries to discuss critical protection issues including regional durable solutions. The Regional Protection Dialogue will inform discussions over tripartite agreements with Lake Chad Basin States as a mechanism for advocacy on issues such as safe, voluntary and dignified return and international standards relating to forced return and determination of conditions conducive to voluntary repatriation.

Protection Assessments

Assessment of Newly Accessible Areas: To follow up on the initial identification of severe protection issues in newly accessible areas by the recent multi-sector assessment, UNHCR has commenced leading a comprehensive Borno Protection Sector Working Group (PSWG) assessment in Damboa and Dikwa. The assessment plans to cover Bama and Monguno, subject to security approval.

Rapid Protection Assessment in Maiduguri: Due to the need to the lack of a comprehensive protection assessment in camps and host communities in Maiduguri, the rapid protection assessment was expanded to cover all 12 Maiduguri camps, as well as some of the host communities, to obtain a full picture of the scale of protection issues. UNHCR assessed 6 camps and 2 host communities on May 10, with data collection ongoing.

The office shared the protection findings of the multi-sector joint assessment to the Boko Haram Task Force in New York as well as to the IASC Regional Meeting in Dakar.

UNHCR is leading a return survey in Yobe State to determine whether IDPs have started to return to their areas of origin. The return survey indicates that 592 people have returned to their Local Government Areas (LGA) of origin from host community areas.


Nigeria: Nigeria UNHCR Monthly Update April 2016 Issue #1

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Cameroon, Nigeria, Sierra Leone

Return of Nigerian Refugees

The Cameroonian government has identified over 67,000 Nigerians who returned from Northern Cameroon mainly at the Fotokol border to Gamboru Ngala, Borno from January through April 2016. As of 26 April 2016, UNHCR has registered 22,092 Nigerians who have returned from Cameroon to Adamawa, many under conditions falling short of international legal obligations. In Borno, UNHCR is preparing to put in place registration systems to respond to the return of Nigerian refugees from Cameroon.

UNHCR met with the Acting Federal Commissioner for National Commission for Refugees, Migrants and Internally Displaced Persons (NCFRMI) to discuss an arrangement whereby 10 NCFRMI staff members from the protection, registration and community service will be deployed on a joint registration mission with registration system at critical border areas with Cameroon.

UNHCR in Borno State for a one month period in order to establish a timely the need for to scale up NCFRMI’s presence in the Northeast especially in the wake of the rising number of Nigerian returnees from Cameroon.

Recommended that NFCRMI reopen its office in Borno State. UNHCR and NCFRMI are finalizing In view to quickly setting up a registration system for returning Nigerians in Borno, UNHCR and NCFRMI are finalizing an arrangement whereby 10 NCFRMI staff members from the protection, registration and community service will be deployed on a joint registration mission with UNHCR in Borno State for a one month period in order to establish a timely registration system at critical border areas with Cameroon.

The Government of Cameroon has shared a draft tripartite agreement with the Government of Nigeria. A Regional Protection Dialogue, supported by UNHCR, is planned for 6-10 June 2016, to take place in Abuja, which will bring together officials from the four Lake Chad Basin countries to discuss critical protection issues including regional durable solutions. The Regional Protection Dialogue will inform discussions over tripartite agreements with Lake Chad Basin States as a mechanism for advocacy on issues such as safe, voluntary and dignified return and international standards relating to forced return and determination of conditions conducive to voluntary repatriation.

Mali: Mali - Région de Mopti: Carte de référence de la commune de Dongo, cercle de Youwarou (Mai 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Mali

Cameroon: Au Cameroun, Chateaud'eau participe à l'accès à l'eau potable des réfugiés centrafricains

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Source: Solidarités International
Country: Cameroon, Central African Republic

Depuis 2008, Chateaud'eau soutient SOLIDARITÉS INTERNATIONAL en reversant un euro à notre association pour chaque nouvelle installation de fontaine à eau bonbonne auprès de ses clients. Depuis son inauguration, ce dispositif a déjà permis à notre ONG de récolter plusieurs milliers d'euros.

Cette année, le don reversé par Chateaud'eau suite à ses ventes a permis de fournir de l’eau potable à 875 réfugiés centrafricains dans le camp de Gado au Cameroun.

Depuis 2014, le Cameroun fait face à un afflux massif de réfugiés en provenance de République Centrafricaine, principalement dans la zone de Garoua-Boulai, une des entrées principales des réfugiés dans le pays. Situé dans cette zone, le camp de réfugiés de Gado accueille 20 000 réfugiés. SOLIDARITÉS INTERNATIONAL y mène une action depuis le début de la crise pour venir en aide aux populations centrafricaines s’étant réfugiées à l’Est du pays.

SOLIDARITÉS INTERNATIONAL a d’abord mis en place des activités provisoires en eau, hygiène et assainissement (latrines temporaires, réseau provisoire, camion-citerne) pendant les premiers mois de l’urgence et entre aujourd’hui dans une phase de pérennisation des activités : des forages ont été construits afin d’assurer un approvisionnement en eau plus pérenne, en attendant la réalisation d’un réseau d’eau dont la construction prévue mi-2016.

South Sudan: South Sudan Crisis - Regional Impact Situation Report #69, 24 May 2016

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Source: World Food Programme
Country: Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda

Highlights

· Food stocks are stretched and WFP requires USD 117 million for the next six months to meet the needs of new arrivals and existing refugees, particularly in Kenya, Sudan and Uganda.

· Deteriorating food and nutrition security, driven by high food prices and the declining economic situation is affecting South Sudanese across the country.

· In Sudan, the rate of new arrivals has slowed in May compared to previous months. It remains to be seen whether the numbers will increase given the deteriorating food security conditions in South Sudan.

Overview

Despite the formation of the Transitional Government of National Unity and the resolve to end the conflict, the security situation remains volatile in most parts of the country. Fighting between government and opposition forces was reported in Unity State in mid-May. Reports further indicate that deteriorating economic conditions coupled with rising prices of essential commodities is contributing to rising criminality in most parts of the country.

Security conditions coupled with poor road conditions continue to hamper humanitarian access leading to delays in the delivery of critical food assistance. Humanitarian agencies, including WFP have continued to provide immediate life-saving assistance through mobile teams and air operations.

The protracted conflict continues to severely limit food access and availability for the majority of the South Sudanese as food prices escalate, livelihoods remain inaccessible, markets are disrupted, and the delivery of critical food assistance is hampered. Eastern Equatoria, Northern Bahr el Ghazal and Western Bahr el Ghazal are exhibiting the most rapid decline in the food security situation. WFP is allocating additional resources to scale up food assistance through the lean season, supporting households to meet their basic food needs until the next harvest period.

In addition to providing food assistance inside South Sudan, WFP provides food assistance for refugees at border crossings, during transit, at reception centres and upon settlement in the camps. In addition, WFP provides specialized nutrition products for treatment and prevention of malnutrition for children below 5 years, pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers.

Mali: IOM Mali: Nearly 500,000 Internally Displaced Head Home; 37,000 Remain

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Source: International Organization for Migration
Country: Mali

Mali - According to the Malian government-led Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), three years after the country’s civil conflict, 468,467 former internally displaced persons (IDPs) have returned to their communities of origin, primarily in the northern part of the country. But some 36,762 people remain displaced.

The return trend started after the presidential and legislative elections following the signature of the 1st peace agreement in June 2013 in Ouagadougou, and the ensuing improvement of the security situation in parts of the country’s northern regions.

IOM has been active since the onset of the crisis, supporting the Malian government and the international community in providing humanitarian assistance, as well as responding to the medium- to longer-term needs of Malian IDPs, returnees, and those in host communities and communities of return. With UNHCR, IOM is co-lead of the shelter cluster. It also co-leads the Commission on Population Movements (CMP) with the Malian government.

Since the beginning of the crisis, IOM has assisted an estimated 149,404 people in Mali. These include some 24,024 people who received emergency assistance including shelter, non-food items (NFIs), water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Some 15,360 IDPS also received medical assistance.

IOM provided 48 community health centres with medicine and over 10,000 people with psychosocial assistance. Some 11,670 people benefited from income generating activities. IOM also rehabilitated and constructed infrastructure, including schools, women’s centres and health centres to support recovery, social cohesion and durable solutions.

“The needs of Malians, including IDPs and returnees, as well as communities of return should not be forgotten. We are currently appealing for USD 20 million in the UN Strategic Response Plan (SRP) to provide continued humanitarian assistance to IDPs, including returning IDPs, in the areas of shelter, NFIs, and psychosocial support, as well as early recovery to support durable solutions and community cohesion,” said IOM Mali Chief of Mission Bakary Doumbia.

“It should be possible to end displacement in Mali this year if all the conditions are in place to support the return of these people and to assist them in their communities of return to prevent secondary displacement. In order to avoid radicalism and extreme violence, it is crucial to ensure a safe, sustainable environment that meets the needs of each community,” he added.

IOM has an office in the capital city of Bamako and sub-offices in Mopti, Tombouctou and Gao. Support for IOM Mali programmes has been provided by USAID/OFDA/PRM, the governments of Japan, Spain and Sweden, and UNCERF, ECHO and UNPBF.

For the latest IOM Mali situation report please link to: http://www.iom.int/sites/default/files/press_release/file/IOM-Mali-Crisis-Response-May-2016.pdf

For the latest DTM report please link to: http://www.iom.int/sites/default/files/press_release/file/Mali-DTM-Report-April-2016-FR.pdf

For further information please contact Aminta Dicko, IOM Mali, Tel: +223 90 50 00 07, Email: adicko@iom.int

Mali: Mali Crisis: IOM Response May 2016

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Source: International Organization for Migration
Country: Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, Niger

Nigeria: Nigeria: Humanitarian Funding Overview (as of 23 May 2016)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Nigeria


World: Global Emergency Overview Weekly Picks, 24 May 2016

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Source: Assessment Capacities Project
Country: Iraq, Nigeria, Syrian Arab Republic, World

Weekly picks

IRAQ

The government announced an offensive to take Falluja back from Islamic State. There are concerns that some 50,000 civilians inside the city lack safe corridors to escape fighting. In Baghdad, the political crisis shows no sign of resolution: up to four people were reportedly killed and dozens injured when security forces violently dispersed a Sadrist Trend protest in Baghdad’s Green Zone.

SYRIA

Nearly 150 people were killed in IS suicide and car bomb attacks in Jableh and Tartous towns in Lattakia, a government stronghold which has until now been left largely intact by the war. In Aleppo governorate, the humanitarian situation is worsening as intense fighting continues.

NIGERIA

On 22 May, the Niger Delta Avengers set a crude oil pipeline on fire in Southern Ijaw, Bayelsa state. The attack was followed by clashes between rival armed groups over control of the pipeline. Residents of Ikeinghenbiri community in Southern Ijaw fled the area. Attacks on oil pipelines in the Niger Delta have been increasing in frequency since the beginning of 2016, contributing to fuel shortages, displacement and loss of livelihoods.

Updated: 24/05/2016. Next update: 31/05/2016.

Niger: Security and humanitarian situations worsen in Diffa, Niger, as Boko Haram continues attacks in the region

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Niger, Nigeria

This is a summary of what was said by UNHCR spokesperson Adrian Edwards – to whom quoted text may be attributed – at the press briefing, on 24 May 2016, at the Palais des Nations in Geneva.

By: Adrian Edwards | 24 May 2016

UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, is seeing increasing insecurity and worsening humanitarian conditions in the region of Diffa, south-eastern Niger. According to Government figures as of mid-May, the area was hosting over 241,000 Nigerian refugees, internally displaced people from Niger and returning Niger nationals who had been living in Nigeria. The security situation around the towns of Diffa and Bosso, to the east, has deteriorated in recent months, with a succession of criminal incidents including suicide attacks near villages and spontaneous sites where both Nigerian refugees and the internally displaced are being sheltered.

Some 157,000 people who have fled Boko’s Haram terror have settled in 135 makeshift encampments along 200 kilometres of Route National 1, a major road that runs parallel to the border with Nigeria and the Komadougou river. Two large markets along that road have been closed since April out of fear that infiltrated insurgents could attack. This hits livelihoods and the local economy. A 7pm to 5am curfew is in force across the region, which has been under a state of emergency since February 2015.

Most of the displaced along Route National 1 fled Boko Haram attacks last year in north-eastern Nigeria. The violence spilled over at times into Niger, leaving them with no other choice than to settle along the road as surrounding villages and towns are already hosting people from previous influxes and have no more capacity. Many of these people have been displaced two or three times prior to settling along the road. Both the local and displaced communities are fearful of new attacks.

Living conditions along Route National 1 are harsh: in this remote and semi-desert environment, temperatures are reaching 48 degrees Celsius at present (the current dry season), while rains that will follow in two or three months often flood the ramshackle settlements. Shelters are made of straw, and sanitation is basic, with few latrines and showers. Many children do not have access to education because of limited schooling structures in the nearby villages, which are already overcrowded, and because of closures of many schools in insecure areas close to the border. Food supplies are irregular, and the local population is not always able to share their meagre resources with the displaced people.

Aid agencies are struggling to bring assistance to the displaced due to the highly insecure environment, the increasing number of sites – some of them remote – and a lack of funding. Of US$112 million required by 22 aid agencies including UNHCR, for operations in the Diffa region in 2016 (RRRP 2016), only $20 million has been received to date. Farmers, herders, fishermen, traders, and shopkeepers have lost their main sources of incomes as a result of the displacement and insecurity in the region. Additional funding is needed to develop livelihoods for these people, so that they can become self-reliant and once again a part of the economic development in the region.

More and more refugees and internally displaced tell us they want to move further away from the volatile border area, as they fear insurgents could attack their settlements in Niger, as they did in their villages in Nigeria and Diffa. Ten days ago, at the government’s request, UNHCR started to relocate hundreds of refugees from two spontaneous sites along Route National 1 to a camp some 50 kilometres from the border. Although most people prefer to live outside of the camps, they have decided to move for both protection reasons and for access to food and adequate services. The camp presently hosts some 3,000 people. The voluntary relocation of internally displaced people from the border areas to other areas, such as camps and other villages in Diffa region, where security is better ensured, is also planned in the near future.

In all, 2.7 million (2,674,421) people are displaced in the Lake Chad Basin area because of the violence linked to Boko Haram. 2.1 million are internally displaced in Nigeria. In addition, there are 241,256 displaced people in Niger (82,524 Nigerian refugees, 31,524 Niger returnees, 127,208 IDPs), including 157,945 along Route National 1; 270,210 displaced people are in Cameroon (64,938 Nigerian refugees, 169,970 IDPs, 35,302 Cameroon returnees); and 7,337 Nigerian refugees are in Chad.

For more information on this topic, please contact:

In Dakar, Hélène Caux, caux@unhcr.org, +221 77 333 1291
In Niamey, Benoit Moreno, morenob@unhcr.org, + 227 9219 2417
In Niamey, Louise Donovan, Donovan@unhcr.org, +227 9218 3473, +227 8887 7065
In Geneva, Leo Dobbs, dobbs@unhcr.org, +41 79 883 6347

Niger: Brothers run again and again as Boko Haram terror spreads

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Niger, Nigeria

Nigerians who found safety in neighbouring Niger, with thousands of others fleeing militants, move again as insecurity grows.

By: Helene Caux | 24 May 2016

DIFFA, Niger, May 24 (UNHCR) – Bala never imagined he would have to step over dead bodies to save his life. His brother Mahamadou never thought he would have to hide beneath them to save his.

“They were killing children in the streets. They were shooting at pregnant women,” says Bala, 50, remembering how Boko Haram tore through his town, in northern Nigeria.

“Everyone was terrified, running in any direction. It was chaos. People were being killed in front of me. They were collapsing in front of me. I panicked and I recall stepping over several dead bodies to escape. Bullets were flying around me.”

Mahamadou, 63, picks up the story, describing how he faced a barrage of Boko Haram gunfire as he ran from the same attack to the Komadougou River to escape to neighbouring Niger.

“I was lying on the grass, under dead bodies, pretending I was also dead,” he says. “I saw people being massacred. I never thought I would make it out alive. I remained hidden under the bodies, silent.”

The violence meted out by the Boko Haram insurgency is well known. What is less reported is what happens to the 2.7 million people like Bala, Mahamadou and their families across Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon who have survived the sect’s attacks, but were forced to flee, frequently more than once.

“For months after the attack, I had nightmares,” says Bala, who owned a shop selling motorcycle spare parts at home in Damassak, a town in Borno State in north-eastern Nigeria. He and his brother spoke on the condition their full names were not used. Despite Boko Haram’s widely publicised kidnapping of women and schoolgirls, its main targets are also men and boys.

“I spent nights counting the number of people who were being killed in front of me,” Bala continues. “I was depressed. And at the same time, I felt so lucky to be alive.” After the initial attack, in November 2014, he and his family first found safety in a nearby village. For more than a year, it was a refuge.

But then, towards the end of March this year, gunmen on motorcycles and in pickup trucks came again, attacking the village where he was sheltering just like they had before: shooting in the air, killing people, burning houses, stealing livestock.

As soon as Bala heard the gunshots, he fled with his wife and four children, further this time, across the river and into Niger. They stretched a rope between the two banks of the river to help their children cross. Eventually they stopped, exhausted, at a settlement called Gagamari, close to the town of Diffa.

There they joined more than 157,000 people who have fled Boko Haram’s terror – often several times – and found an uncertain safety in 135 separate makeshift encampments strung along 200 kilometres of a major road inside Niger running parallel with the border with Nigeria, called Route Nationale 1, or RN1.

They are a mix of refugees from Nigeria, internally displaced people (IDPs) from within Niger, and Niger nationals who returned from Nigeria. Most fled renewed attacks last year in Nigeria that at times spilled into Niger, and some had escaped kidnap. They had little choice but to settle along the highway, because earlier violence pushed people into villages and towns that are today too overcrowded to absorb new arrivals.

Living along the road has its benefits. It is a key link to aid agencies, government authorities and traders. But conditions are harsh: in this remote and semi-desert environment, temperatures can reach 48 degrees Celsius during the current dry season. The rains that follow often flood the ramshackle settlements.

Shelters are made of dried grass, and sanitation is basic, with few toilets or washing facilities. Children are missing education because schools in nearby villages are already full. Food supplies are irregular, and the local population is not always able to share their meagre resources with the displaced.

The increasing insecurity, the huge number of settlements and a lack of funding means aid agencies including UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, are struggling to give as much help as people need. Less than one dollar in every six of the US$112 million required by 22 aid agencies, including UNHCR, for the Niger operation in the Diffa region has been received to date.

After he arrived in Gagamari, at least Bala was able to find his brother Mahamadou, who had fled to Niger with his wife and seven children immediately after the first attack on Damassak. Mahamadou, too, has struggled with the mental scars of surviving Boko Haram’s raids. His voice shakes as he describes how he watched an armed insurgent wrench a baby from its father’s arms, throw it to the ground and then shoot the father dead.

“I don’t know what happened to the baby,” Mahamadou says. “I don’t know how I am still alive. I was completely overwhelmed by what was happening around me. There were dead bodies of men, women, children around me. I spent the night without eating, without drinking. The insurgents who had remained by the river were finishing the survivors.”

The attack happened close to a year-and-a-half ago, but “it is still a huge trauma,” he adds. “The children also remain very anxious, especially when they hear loud noises or screams. They are always on their guard. Even though we feel safer here in Niger, we are still afraid that the insurgents could hurt us somehow.”

Those fears are valid. In February 2015, Boko Haram attacked Diffa town, before being repelled by the army. Recently, security in the region around Diffa and Bosso has deteriorated, with a succession of incidents including suicide attacks near villages and sites where both Nigerian refugees and IDPs are sheltering. Two major markets along the main road have been closed since April for fear infiltrated insurgents could target them. A 7 p.m. to 5 a.m. curfew is in force across in the region.

“The security situation in the Diffa region remains very volatile and unpredictable,” says Karl Steinacker, the UNHCR Representative in Niger. “More people, residents and refugees alike, are asking to be moved further away from the border, fearing Boko Haram could attack their settlements in Niger, as they did in in Nigeria. Their fear is palpable.”

In mid-May, UNHCR started to relocate hundreds of refugees who preferred to live at a camp 50 kilometres from the border that now hosts at least 3,000 people. Among the first to opt to move were Bala and Mahamadou, and their families.

“We feel safer here. We have proper shelter, access to a clinic and food. The children just enrolled in school,” Bala says. “What I really wish now is that decision makers in this world act quicker and more efficiently to prevent insurgents from killing more innocent men, women and children in Nigeria. We are just exhausted and horrified by so much violence.”

Nigeria: Government Of Nigeria And WFP Step Up Assistance To People Bearing Brunt Of Boko Haram Violence

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Source: World Food Programme
Country: Nigeria

ISTANBUL – Under the Government of Nigeria’s leadership, the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) is scaling up to assist 430,000 people in Northeast Nigeria where Boko Haram violence has led to one of the most acute and largely forgotten humanitarian crises in the world.

“As areas become more accessible and we collectively develop a more refined understanding of what people need, WFP is working with the Government and other agencies such as UNICEF to urgently reach the most vulnerable,” said WFP Executive Director Ertharin Cousin.

“We are working in a highly complex environment. It is a race against time as the lean and rainy season is upon us. We know that unless we act fast, and we act now, hunger will only deepen in the months to come,” she added at the World Humanitarian Summit in Istanbul.

“With diminished harvests caused by the devastating effects of drought and halted crop production in most farming districts, food supplies are terribly low. We face various constraints as we make provision for our dwindling food reserves,” said the Governor of Borno State, Kashim Shettima.

Recent joint government and UN assessments show that in the worst-affected areas factors – such as poor sanitation, a prevalence of disease and people lacking access to food, water and healthcare – are converging and could create a famine-like situation if assistance is not urgently provided.

Some 2.5 million people face hunger in northeastern Nigeria. More than 800,000 people are in urgent need of food assistance in Borno and Yobe states.

WFP will give food or cash-based assistance to 431,000 people, including specialized nutritious food to 64,000 children under the age of two at risk of malnutrition in Borno and Yobe, which are the states worst-affected by violence. This will complement efforts led by the Government and other partners to provide humanitarian assistance to all those in need.

“We are now working at full capacity to address the immensity of needs and hope our collaborations with WFP and other partners will ensure an end to the severe food insecurity at hand. In addition to the mobilization of consolidated financial support to address current requirements, there is also a dire need for sustained development strategies in order to adequately end needs,” Shettima said.

The most vulnerable in northeastern Nigeria will continue to need assistance because they have been cut off from their fields for three consecutive years, and it is likely that this year’s food production will again be disrupted.

According to WFP market assessments, staple food prices in some areas in Borno state have increased by 50-100 percent since the start of the year, and markets are limited because of insecurity and trade restrictions due to the conflict.

Pockets of the Northeast are inaccessible for deliveries of humanitarian assistance due to insecurity. There is very little data available on the condition of people in cut-off areas.

“With the Government and other partners, WFP is doing all it can to gather data so there is a better understanding of needs. We are expanding coverage of mobile-phone based surveys to 6,000 households, and are analyzing satellite imagery so we can understand better how families are coping and can prioritize areas to receive assistance without delay,” Cousin said.

In places in Borno and Yobe states where markets are still functioning, WFP aims to provide cash-based assistance to 267,000 people over a period of six months so that they can buy food. This initiative will also help strengthen local economies.

WFP began providing cash by mobile phones to displaced people and host communities in March in the Maiduguri area. To date, over 20,000 people have received cash assistance in Borno and Yobe. Another 17,600 people are registered and will be assisted in the coming days.

WFP will provide in-kind food assistance to 150,000 people in areas where markets are not functioning. The food basket meets the requirements for a nutritionally balanced diet.

To respond to urgent needs, WFP has distributed since the end of April highly nutritious ready-to-use food to 6,300 children under two at-risk of malnutrition in Maiduguri. To date, 20 metric tons–enough for 14,500 children–has been sent to 14 sites for displaced people in Borno state.

For mobile-phone based assistance, an IDP registration and information platform called SCOPE developed by WFP has been installed with the Government and the International Organization of Migration to help provide both food and other vital support and services, such as nutrition screening of pregnant and nursing mothers and children under five.

With the Government, UNICEF and partners, WFP will carry out nutrition screening and help protect children against malnutrition in parallel with cash and food distributions.

A WFP-managed UN Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) flies humanitarian workers to and across northeastern Nigeria. Since August 2015, UNHAS transported some 4,400 passengers from 54 humanitarian organizations, and about 20 metric tons of humanitarian cargo.

WFP has supported national and state emergency agencies and humanitarian partners to help people displaced by the conflict with Boko Haram in Nigeria since May 2015, and is increasing its assistance at the request of the Government in response to the growing needs.

WFP requires US$21 million for its operations in the Northeast in 2016. To date, US$3.7 million has been given by Canada, the European Union, United Kingdom and United States.

# # #

WFP is the world's largest humanitarian agency fighting hunger worldwide, delivering food in emergencies and working with communities to build resilience. Each year, WFP assists some 80 million people in around 80 countries.

Follow us on Twitter: @WFP_WAfrica, @WFP_Media

For more information please contact:

Fatimah Wakilbe, Communications Adviser to Governor of Borno State, Mob. +234 - (0)8100726808 or +44 -(0)7477614527
Adel Sarkozi, WFP/Dakar, Mob. +221 776375964; adel.sarkozi@wfp.org
Jane Howard, WFP/Rome, Tel. +39 06 65132321, Mob. +39 346 7600521; jane.howard@wfp.org
Gregory Barrow, WFP/London, Tel. +44 20 72409001, Mob. +44 7968 008474; gregory.barrow@wfp.org
Gerald Bourke, WFP/Istanbul for WHS, Tel. +1-646-5566909, Mob. +1-646 525 9982; gerald.bourke@wfp.org

Chad: UNICEF Chad Humanitarian Situation Report, April 2016

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Source: UN Children's Fund
Country: Central African Republic, Chad

Highlights:

· According to the CCCM cluster, there are 107,625 people displaced (refugees, returnees and IDPs) of whom 37% are not registered yet in the Lake region.

· Global acute malnutrition in displacement sites in the Lake region continue to be alarming. WFP screening data shared at the end of April show that among children under five screened in 8 displacement sites in the Lake region, an estimated 6% suffered from Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and nearly 18% from Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM).

· In the Lake region, UNICEF completed construction of a 25m3 water tower in the Tataverom site benefiting 8,597 people and increasing access to water coverage from 6% to 41%.

· UNICEF Chad’s Humanitarian Action for Children appeal is 20% funded. The majority of the $9.47 million received in new emergency funding in 2016 is for the Lake Chad crisis, with only $540,000 for the CAR returnee needs.

SITUATION IN NUMBERS

2,200,000 Children affected (UNICEF HAC 2016)
176,900 Children under 5 with Severe Acute Malnutrition in 2016 (Nutrition Cluster 2016)
107,625 People displaced (IDPs, returnees, TCN, refugees) in the Lake Region
(Shelter/CCCM Cluster, 19 April and UNHCR 30 April)
UNICEF Humanitarian funding needs in 2016US$ 62.4 million
Received in 2016 US$ 9.5 million

Impact of violence in the Lake region

Elections were held in Chad on 10 April without major incidents for the population. In the Lake region, military operations against Boko Haram on the Nigerian-Chad border have led members of this armed group into Chad. According to authorities, some direct confrontation took place around the island Ngouboua between fighters fleeing the border and the Chadian army. Other supposed Boko Haram members were seen in southern areas of the lake Blarigui and Kangalam.

On 25 April, the Parliament decided to extend the state of emergency declared by the government in the Lake region in November 2015, and which was due to end on 22 April. Additional powers given to the Lake region authorities by the state of emergency include setting of curfews or searching homes. According to the latest CCCM bulletin from 19 April, there were 107,625 people displaced (refugees, returnees and IDPs) in the Lake region. Although no new displacements were reported in April, local and regional officials claim that there are other displacement sites not yet assessed by the humanitarian community in Loudia, Lom, Yaré, Gouarama, Foulatari, Ligra and Sommi in the sub-prefectures of Bol, Liwa and Daboua. An inter-cluster assessment mission is scheduled to visit these sites in coming days to confirm their existence and to assess humanitarian needs.

Access to displaced population has generally improved in recent months, although security continues to hinder the response. New local authorities following the elections have also brought the need to rebuild the working relationships that had been built throughout the response.

Progress has been made in most sectors of the emergency response, yet humanitarian needs continue to largely exceed assistance, notably in the Liwa, Daboua and Kangalam sub-prefectures. Main challenges continue to be limited funding, slow access to the population in need due to security and the physical environment. There are more than 59 sites of diverse sizes, many of which in the desert, scattered through large areas without any roads or other infrastructure all the way to the border with Niger and to the border with Camerun. This makes provision of basic services throughout the area difficult and expensive.

Measles outbreak

As of the epidemiological week 18, there were five deaths and 527 suspected cases of measles reported through the national epidemiological surveillance system. 68 cases were confirmed positive through laboratory testing. Four epidemic outbreaks were reported in Haraze Mangueigne district in the Salamat region, Mongo district in Guera region, Bedjondo district in Mandoul region, and Bagassola district in the Lake region. In the Lake region, suspected cases were reported in Ngouboua, the Dar es Salam refugee camp and the IDP camps of Dar al Naim, Tagal and Bibi. Out of five samples analyzed from these locations, four tested positive. An emergency vaccination campaign has taken place in three districts and in Dar es Salam refugee camp. Seven other districts are to conduct emergency vaccinations with UNICEF and WHO support from 18 to 24 May, targeting over 400,000 children aged 9 months to 14 years old.

Refugees, returnees from CAR and stateless persons in the South

A recent IOM verification exercise has confirmed the existence of 82,622 registered Chadian returnees from Central African Republic (OCHA Sitrep, April 2016). 61,203 of these people continue to live in returnee sites in the South and the site of Gaoui, in the outskirts of N’Djamena. The remaining 21,419 returnees are in host families in villages mostly in the Mandoul region and in the Logones. The lack of funding continues to cause great concern among humanitarian actors. After the sudden reduction in basic health services, WFP was also forced to interrupt its food distribution in the sites for two months due to insufficient funding, although distribution did take place in the month of April. The precarious shelter, made up largely of tarpaulin worn by a year and half under the scorching sun, is unlikely to make it through another rainy season which has already begun in the South. Some of the sites, like Gaoui, are also in floodable areas and require some work to prevent water from going into the shelters.

Food insecurity and malnutrition

The latest data from the March integrated phase classification shows an early lean season due to limited availability of pastures. Cereal production has also been lower, with an 11% decrease over last year’s production and a 9% decrease with regard to the last five-year average. The lower production has pushed cereal prices up in the Sahel belt, with a more acute increases in the West where the consequences of the security situation are strongly felt. Prices in the Sudan Belt, by contrast, have seen a mild decrease. In the March-May integrated phase classification results, 15 Departments along the Sahel Belt are in Phase 3 (crisis), and an additional 31 in Phase 2 (under pressure). No Departments are in Phase 4 and 5 (emergency and famine) under the latest analysis.

Global acute malnutrition in displacement sites in the Lake continue to be alarming. WFP screening data shared at the end of April show that out of 997 children under five screened in 8 displacement sites in the Lake, about 6% suffered from Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and almost 18% from Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM). Although the data is not sufficiently representative to draw conclusions on the entire region, it is consistent with proportions found in previous screenings in IDP sites in the Northern part of the Lake region.

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