Rosemarie E. Hille a eu des entretiens avec les autorités locales, le personnel humanitaire et les réfugiés.

Accompagnée de Francesco Bert et Ibrahima Diane, chargés respectivement des relations extérieures et de l’information publique, la Chargée d’affaire de l’Ambassade d’Allemagne à N’Djamena, Rosemarie E. Hille a effectué une visite à la Sous-Délégation d’Iriba du 30 mars au 1er avril 2016. Elle a mis ce séjour, « bref mais informatif », pour s’imprégner des grands axes de l’opération de protection et d’assistance des réfugiés soudanais dans la zone. Une situation qui mérite davantage d’attention de la part de la communauté internationale, a-t-elle déclaré suite à sa visite dans les camps d’Iridimi et d’Amnaback.

Au cours de son séjour à Iriba, la diplomate allemande a eu des entretiens avec les acteurs humanitaires y compris des employés du HCR et s’est rendu dans les camps où elle a visité des activités mis en œuvres en faveurs des réfugiés et constater les conditions dans lesquelles ces derniers vivent.

Aussi bien à son arrivée qu’au terme de son séjour, Mme Hille s’est entretenue avec le chef de la Sous-Délégation, Guy-Noel Ouamba. Ce dernier lui fait une présentation générale de l’opération, en présence de ses collaborateurs en charge de l’administration, de la protection, du programme, de l’environnement et de la sécurité. Ensemble ils ont fait une description détaillée des différents axes de l’opération mentionnant les réussites, les défis et aussi les potentielles directions dans le cadre d’une mise œuvre rationnelle prenant en compte les réalités d’une situation prolongée et l’environnement de vie des réfugiés. Ainsi, pour l’énergie par exemple, il a été montre à Rosemarie Hille, les possibilités qui conviendraient à un environnement désertique comme l’est du Tchad et prendraient en compte la protection des femmes et d’autres couches vulnérables.

Lors de son échange avec les partenaires de mise en œuvre des opérations, ces derniers lui ont fait une présentation de leurs activités, mettant surtout l’accent sur les défis et difficultés auxquelles ils sont confrontés en relation surtout avec les ressources limitées disponibles. Ils ont aussi expliqué les répercussions négatives d’une telle situation sur les programmes en faveur des réfugiés. Les remerciant des efforts fournis dans des conditions difficiles pour venir en aide à une population qui en a besoin, elle a exhorté les acteurs humanitaire y compris ceux des agences onusiennes dont le HCR à adopter des approches innovantes impliquant les réfugiés dans la conception et la mise œuvre des activités qui leur sont destinées. Elle ainsi explique qu’il serait important d’avoir des petits projets, bien ciblés et ne nécessitant pas de grosses procédures administratives

Dans les entretiens avec la population bénéficiaire et le personnel humanitaire de proximité, aussi bien à Iridimi qu’à Amnaback, il a été surtout question des difficultés d’accès à l’eau à cause des défis environnementaux mais aussi des groupes électrogènes qui tombent en panne, notamment à Iridimi. En effet, la diplomate allemande a pu voir l’efficacité de l’utilisation de l’énergie solaire (à Amnaback) pour approvisionner le camp en eau. Les réfugiés ont souhaité avoir le même système pour éviter les interruptions dans l’approvisionnement en eau et le fait que les femmes et les jeunes filles sont obligées de sortir du camp pour aller chercher l’eau dans des puits ouverts construits pour les activités de maraîchage et d’élevage.

CONTEXTE

La situation sécuritaire reste relativement calme dans toute la région. Cependant, 2015 a été marquée par les attaques de la ville de Misséni (Cercle de Kadiolo) le 10 juin et de Fakola (Cercle de Kolondiéba) le 28 Juin par des bandits armés se revendiquant de groupes radicaux. Des bâtiments administratifs ont été saccagés à Fakola. Des difficultés de cohabitation existent le long du cordon frontalier avec la Cote d’Ivoire (Kotla et Sama, Cercle de Kolondiéba) et la Guinée Conakry (Karatou, Faboula, Cercle de Yanfolila) entre les populations maliennes, ivoiriennes et guinéennes - se traduisant par des tensions inter-communautaires de faible à moyenne intensité.

TAGAL, Chad, April 5 (UNHCR) – Mending nets, cleaning fish and adjusting them over a fire near this lakeshore village in Chad, Abakar Garba Ibrahim says he has his dignity back.

"Being able to do this, it's like I have been saved from the fire," said Ibrahim, who fled the violence in Nigeria last year. "I was spending my days sleeping, doing nothing and waiting for assistance. Now I am someone."

A fisherman by trade, Ibrahim lost his livelihood after Boko Haram militants drove him from his village more than a year ago. He is now finding his feet again in Chad with the help of a UNHCR-backed project.

A father with 16 children and two wives, he is among 100 recently arrived refugees from Nigeria given the chance to fish at a camp near Tagal, a small community on one of the many inlets of Lake Chad, in western Chad.

Fishing is important to the regional economy, supplying local markets -- especially the popular weekly market in Baga Sola, a dozen kilometres away -- and others in neighbouring Cameroon, Niger and Nigeria, whose borders converge at the lake.

The project, developed by UNHCR, the UN refugee agency, in tandem with the local non-profit organisation Secours Catholique et Développement (SECADEV), began working in December with refugees from Dar Es Salaam camp, which lies in the north of Baga Sola.

The programme provides them with fishing licences, small boats and ecologically sound fishing nets that allow small fry to escape and help preserve this important resource, which remains a lifeline for many lakeside communities, despites the effects of climate change. They receive training in good fishing practices and management, as well as techniques for storing the fish.

The project gives participants benefits that include food, an income and an occupation, according to Lydie Navigue, head of the UNHCR field office in Baga Sola.

"It gives its one hundred beneficiaries the possibility to generate some revenue and complement the food and non-food assistance provided to them," Navigue said. "It also brings some normality to their refugee experience as they take control of some aspects of their own lives by doing an activity they used to do before they fled their homes in Nigeria."

Ibrahim used to have six boats and other business interests in Nigeria. Now, he shares a boat with nine other refugee fishermen from the Dar Es Salaam camp, following a schedule that they have worked out among themselves.

Two of his sons help him at the lakeshore fishing camp but, like the other refugees, Ibrahim has left the rest of his family in Dar Es Salaam camp and he visits them there from time to time.

"Only the two boys are here with me", he said. "It is difficult, but it is better this way as the school and the health centre are in the camp. Here the conditions are tough, but we manage."

Another refugee fisherman, Omar Maikanti, has also been helped by the project. As he sells his catch on the shore, he proudly explains that he had earned 2,000 naira -- the Nigerian currency is used along with with the CFA franc -- and had sent half the money to his wife at the camp. "I am a good husband, again providing for my family from the fruits of my labour and sweat", he said with a smile.

European Commission - Press release

Brussels, 5 April 2016

EU quadruples its humanitarian financing to education in emergencies worldwide.

Today the European Commission has announced a €52 million humanitarian aid package aimed specifically at educational projects for children in emergency situations in 2016. The package reflects the Commission's prior commitment to allocate 4% of its humanitarian aid budget to education. The funding will support over 2,300,000 children in 42 countries around the world and will be targeted at regions where children are at higher risk of being left out of school or having their education disrupted: the Middle East (especially Syria and Iraq), East, Central and West Africa, Asia, Ukraine, Central America and Colombia.

"Today we fulfil and surpass our commitment to quadruple our support to education in emergencies from 1% to 4% of our humanitarian aid budget from €11 million in 2015 to €52 million in 2016. Investing in education now for children caught up in conflict zones and other emergencies is an investment against the risk of a lost generation and an investment for the future. I’m proud that the European Union is becoming a leader in this field. I also commend the European Parliament for its successful efforts to secure additional EU funds for this action and for its continuous support. I now call on all humanitarian donors to follow our example" EU Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Management Christos Stylianides said.

Today’s funding will support access to education in emergency situations, including mine risk education, life skills and vocational training, recreational activities and psychosocial support. Children will also benefit from the provision of school material and the setting up of new education facilities. Teachers, parents and caregivers will also benefit from training.

The aid will be channelled through non-governmental organisations (NGOs), United Nations agencies and international organisations.As an example, UNICEF will improve the quality of children's learning environment in Aleppo, Syria, by providing solar panels to schools often affected by power cuts. Syrian children will be enabled to access digital resources in schools through low-cost computers and tablets. In Ethiopia, Save the Children will improve access to quality learning for children in refugee camps by providing training to teachers and by renovating or creating new safe learning spaces.

Background

Since 2012, the Commission has increased the financial support to education projects for children living in conflict areas. In 2015, EU Commissioner Christos Stylianides committed to increasing the EU's humanitarian funding for education in emergency situations to 4% by the end of the mandate of the Juncker Commission. Thanks to support from the European Parliament and EU Member States, this increase has been made possible earlier, as of 2016.

To date, more than €23 million has been allocated for education in emergencies projects, including the contributions of €500 000 from Luxembourg and €250 000 from Austria in 2014. Over 1,519,000 children in 26 countries have benefited so far. With the additional €52 million released this year, more than 3,800,000 children in 46 countries will have been helped by the end of 2016.

Target countries

Afghanistan, Armenia, Georgia, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Niger, Nigeria, Central African Republic, Colombia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Iran, Iraq, Kenya, Lebanon, Libya, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar, Pakistan, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Philippines, Somalia, the Republic of South Sudan, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, Ukraine and Yemen.

Humanitarian partner organisations that will implement the projects

ACTED, Adra, Concern Worldwide, COOPI Cooperazione Internazionale, Croix Rouge, DanChurchAid, Danish Refugee Council (DRC), Finn Church Aid (FCA), Handicap International, HOPE'87, International Medical Corps, the International Organization for Migration (IOM), International Rescue Committee (IRC), the Lutheran World Federation, Norwegian Refugee Council, Plan International, Plan Spain, SOS Kinderdorf, Save the Children, Terre des hommes, Triangle, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and War Child.

For more information Q&A - EU supports education for children in emergencies Factsheet on Education in Emergencies The European Commission's humanitarian aid and civil protection

The Kampala Convention, adopted in 2009, became legally binding on all African Union (AU) states that agreed to ratify it in only three years.

Since then the Convention has gained increasing support and other regions in the world look at it as an example of a common framework assisting prevention and response to displacement, potentially to be replicated.

The workshop that was held in Addis Ababa in December 2015 revealed that additional efforts are required to ensure that this instrument is duly integrated in the legislation of the states parties and for its provisions to be fully implemented. Under the Task Team on Law and Policy, IDMC-NRC and UNHCR partnered with the AU Commission to celebrate the third anniversary of the entry into force and to discuss on the possible way forward in six countries in the African continent.

Snapshot 31 March–5 April 2016

Syria: The most serious violation of the cessation of hostilities occurred on 2 April around Aleppo, when fighting broke out between government forces and non-government forces. In addition, eight of 18 besieged areas were not reached by humanitarian assistance in February and March, including around 250,000 people in Darayya and Eastern Ghouta in Rural Damascus.

Libya: The arrival of the Government of National Unity in Tripoli has prompted an escalation in violence and increased concern for protection. IDPs are particularly vulnerable. And estimated 269,000 IDPs are living in the city, 70% of whom were already thought to be in need of protection.

Yemen: Fighting between government and Houthi forces in Marib and northern Shabwah has intensified since 19 March. A missile attack on a hospital in Marib governorate killed three civilians and wounded 17 on 3 April. In Taizz city, Houthi forces try to push back pro-government forces who reclaimed parts of the city on 11 March. Heavy clashes are also reported in southwestern Al Dhabab, restricting the access of humanitarian aid into the city.

Updated: 05/04/2016. Next update: 12/04/2016.

Global Emergency Overview Web Interface

Highlights

• According to security sources, some 60 Chadian civilians displaced in Baga- Sola were reportedly abducted by armed men on 2 March in the Nigerian border area, as they were trying to return to their native islands to fish. Two civilians were killed in an armed attack on 7 March on Bikaram island.

• Following reports of two confirmed cases of measles in Kangalom (Bol health district) including one death, and many other suspected cases reported in Kouloudia health district, vaccination campaigns were organized for 446 children aged 9 months to 4 years.

• Rapid assessments by the Shelter/NFI/CCCM Cluster carried out in March revealed the presence of 16,835 newly estimated displaced people at Kousseri Tchoukoutalia site (N'Gouboua sub-prefecture), 5,850 at Diamarom site (Liwa sub-prefecture), and 10,510 at Bibi-Barrage and Dar-Al- Amné sites (Kangalom sub-prefecture).

• The multisector response for displaced people in the northern area of the Lac region is ongoing and confirmed a 50% decrease in the number of displaced persons living in the area compared with initial estimates of the multisector evaluation mission carried out from 14-19 January in Liwa and Daboua districts.

• According to the screening exercise conducted by WFP, malnutrition rates are at alarming levels in eight IDP sites of Liwa and Daboua sub-prefectures, with 437 children (18.9%) suffering from global acute malnutrition, including 229 children (6,5%) from severe acute malnutrition.

• Food assistance has increased in the northern area of the Lake region (Liwa and Daboua), with general food distributions targeting 31,730 displaced people between 10 February and 20 March in 19 out of 22 displaced sites. These distributions were coupled with blanket feeding for 3,306 children aged 6 to 23 months.

58,195 Displaced people registered since May 2015.

Including : - 47,370 internally displaced people - 605 third-country nationals - 10,220 Chadian returnees Source: Shelter/NFI/CCCM Cluster - IOM (Displacement Tracking Matrix 21/03/2016)

56,080 Estimated displaced people*, not yet registered, in Liwa, Daboua, Kangalom and Tchoukoutalia subprefecture

Source: Shelter/NFI/CCCM Cluster - IOM; WFP, and local authorities during a 14-19 January multisector assessment mission.

6,220 Refugees, including 4,603 residing in Dar-es-Salam camp arrived since 2015.

Background

Insecurity continues to prevail in the Lac region, where the state of emergency ended on 22 March 2016. Several incidents have been reported in the recent weeks. On 7 March, an armed attack on Bikaram island killed two civilians and wounded three. On 2 March, some 60 civilians were reportedly abducted by armed groups who crossed the Nigerian border, according to security sources. They were probably internally displaced Chadians living in Baga - Sola who attempted to return to their native islands to fish, despite the official ban and several other attempts to return recently stopped by local authorities (50 youth arrested in Fourkouloum on10 February). The same day, some 200 cattle were stolen on the Chad/Niger border – the livestock was subsequently been found in Kalam (Niger) and returned to its owners by the Multinational National Joint Task-Force (MNJTF).

Despite the security context, the delivery of humanitarian assistance continues as well as registration and profiling operations. Rapid assessments by the Shelter/NFI/CCCM Cluster identified the presence of 16,835 displaced people on Kousseri Tchoukoutalia site (20 March, N’Gouboua sub-prefecture) and 5,850 displaced people on Diamarom site (12 March, Liwa sub-prefecture). Previously, between 1-8 March, a mission by the regional Shelter/NFI/CCCM Cluster (HCR-IOM) was conducted in Kangalom sub-prefecture, and identified the presence of 10,673 other displaced people (through rapid assessments on Bibi Barrage and Dar-Al-Amné sites). The mission also confirmed the presence of 1,963 displaced people (through verification operations). The 1,800 displaced persons of Bibi Barrage reportedly arrived in 2015, mostly from Tetewa and Nguiria, whereas the 8,710 displaced people in Dar-Al-Amné came from Doubaba and Fargumi localities.

Furthermore, an investigation mission lead by the Bol Regional Health Delegation (through the epidemiological surveillance antenna), and the World Health Organization (WHO), visited Kangalom (Bol health district) in early February, after the confirmation of two cases of measles, and the notification of a further four cases in Kouloudia District. Vaccinations were carried out on 13 February for 302 children aged 9 months to 4 years in Kangalom. Another vaccination campaign reached 144 children in Wole (Kouloudia District), where the first case was identified.

During the 2015 rainy season, Fatoumata Ouedraogo was called away from her village for weeks to care for a sick relative. When she returned, the planting season was already underway. If she did not plant quickly, she would risk not having a large enough harvest to feed her family. Looking for a solution, she went to talk to her neighbor, Amidou Ouedraogo, who had been trained in conservation farming techniques through a project funded by Feed the Future and others. Amidou was supporting and training a group of 20 farmers eager to try the conservation farming techniques.

Amidou had explained to his fellow farmers that conservation farming is simple and would increase their crop yields while maintaining soil health so they could continue to farm their land for many years. Relying on three major methods—leaving the soil undisturbed so it does not dry out, covering it with mulch or another organic material to retain water and combat erosion, and rotating crops to maintain the nutrients in the soil—conservation farming would enable them to feed their families and sell their extra crops while also protecting their land from climate shocks and stresses. In the Sahel region, where desertification and drought have devastated fields, solutions for poor soil, insufficient rains and low crop yields caused by climate change are a challenge to rural families.

Conservation farming, a technique taught through Resilience and Economic Growth in the Sahel—Enhanced Resilience, a Feed the Future-supported project, gives smallholder farmers the opportunity to address these challenges and enhance their livelihoods in a sustainable way.

While visiting Amidou’s demonstration field, Fatoumata saw for herself what the other farmers had mentioned: the extraordinary growth and strength of the sorghum plants and their greater height compared to neighboring fields. She was amazed at the differences she saw, and after discussions with other villagers trying these techniques, she said, “I will not only gaze at the field. I’m going to act and try this technology.”

Her family laughed at her choice to grow crops using the new technology. But the new techniques reduced production costs and cut down on time and labor, particularly for land preparation. Fatoumata harvested two full carts of sorghum—more than she had harvested the prior year growing on a larger area. Asked whether she would use the same techniques again next season, she said, “Is this really a question to ask?”

Conservation farming is rapidly gaining momentum in her village and beyond. In the group led by Amidou, every field had a yield increase. The results quickly spread by word of mouth; 12 new conservation farming groups formed (including 10 all-female groups) in the village, each with 20 members. Ten groups also formed in a neighboring village. In Burkina Faso’s East region as a whole, 2,200 conservation farming producers harvested 1,093 tons of millet, sorghum and cowpea compared to 628 tons without conservation farming in 2015. The additional 465 tons provided on average 200 more kilograms of cereal per family.

Amidou’s first training group went on to encourage and build new training groups of their own, and he trained all 10 leaders of the all-female conservation farming groups. Six have already started to support themselves without project assistance, noting, “We work for ourselves.” With the promise of sustainable yields, increased income, and the ability to feed one’s family, this Feed the Future project is helping farmers help themselves.

This project is implemented by the National Cooperative Business Association CLUSA International (NCBA CLUSA), a trade association and international development organization that provides cross-sector advocacy, education and technical assistance to help cooperative businesses thrive.

Foreward

In 2016 over 125 million people living in crisis-affected countries are in need of humanitarian assistance. The humanitarian community is committed to providing aid to over 87 million of those in need. The risks to health posed by humanitarian emergencies are at an all-time high. Developments such as climate change, urbanization, population growth and worsening civil conflict are increasing the frequency and severity of many types of emergencies. Attacks on health workers and health facilities are also on the rise.

This document describes how WHO and its Health Cluster partners plan to meet health needs in countries, territories and regions facing protracted emergencies in 2016. Collectively, health sector partners are appealing for US$ 1.6 billion to provide assistance. Of that amount, WHO requires US$481 million. Health interventions under the Humanitarian Response Plans address issues such as the spread of infectious diseases, the lack of medicines and health services and rising rates of acute malnutrition. The number of people affected, and their health needs, are likely to rise throughout the year as new acute crises occur.

In addition to the protracted emergencies featured in this document, the Organization and its partners are responding to sudden onset emergencies such as Cyclone Winston that hit Fiji in February 2016, or epidemics such as the Zika virus in Brazil, the remaining cases of Ebola in West Africa and a severe outbreak of yellow fever in Angola that started in December 2015.

No one organization can respond to a health crisis alone. WHO leads the Health Cluster, with 48 partners at global level and more than 300 in countries. The Health Cluster plays a vital role in reaching people in dire need of humanitarian assistance. Effective coordination among Health Cluster partners means the particular strengths of each partner can be leveraged, resources can be shared, duplications avoided and gaps closed. As a result, more people can be provided with life-saving health assistance.

In the Syrian Arab Republic, for example, health partners aim to help 11.5 million people in need of trauma and mental health care. WHO and partners also seek to assist over 4 million Syrians who have sought refuge in neighbouring countries. WHO is working with partners to vaccinate children against life-threatening childhood illnesses such as measles and polio, and is distributing essential medicines and surgical supplies to health partners working in hard-to-reach areas. In Iraq, WHO is establishing a supply chain to stockpile essential medicines for over 7 million people.

Mothers and children require special attention. In Yemen, despite security concerns, partners aim to reach 10.6 million people with essential health care, including around 3 million people in need of reproductive health care services. In South Sudan, the Health Cluster aims to reach 2.3 million people, with a particular focus on addressing the major causes of death among children under five years old, such as malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia.

Natural disasters are of particular concern in 2016. The health consequences of El Niño are being felt in countries such as Ethiopia where WHO has identified some 400 000 severely malnourished children who need immediate treatment. As the effects of El Niño worsen, this number is likely to rise.

WHO is changing how it operates in emergencies

In 2015, Member States called on WHO to address all emergency health risks and events in a predictable, capable, flexible and accountable manner. This means addressing all hazards, with one workforce, one budget, one set of rules and processes, one set of benchmarks and one line of authority. To operationalize this approach, in 2016 WHO is building core emergency operational capacity at country level to fulfil the Organization’s critical functions of health leadership, coordination, technical assistance and monitoring health standards, and - only as a last resort – implementation. WHO will work to improve its ability to collect, analyse data and provide up-to-date health information to partners on health risks, needs, capacities and response; build partnerships at local, regional and global levels, in order to meet its commitment as Health Cluster lead agency.

We know that when collaboration and partnership thrive, emergency response improves. To fully address these crises, WHO and partners need long-term, sustainable resources. WHO is ready to do its part, now we need your support.

Nations unies, Etats-Unis | AFP | mardi 05/04/2016 - 18:23 GMT

Le gouvernement malien souhaite que la mission de l'ONU au Mali (Minusma) soit renforcée et s'oriente davantage vers une lutte active contre la "menace terroriste", a indiqué mardi son ministre des Affaires étrangères Abdoulaye Diop.

Le ministre s'adressait au Conseil de sécurité lors d'un débat sur le renouvellement du mandat de la force, qui arrive à expiration fin juin.

Pour M. Diop, le prochain mandat de la Minusma "doit nécessairement tenir compte du contexte sécuritaire actuel marqué par la recrudescence et l'intensification de la menace terroriste".

Bamako souhaite "améliorer la posture de la Minusma, de façon à la rendre plus proactive et à lui assurer plus d'efficacité".

Malgré une force de 12.000 hommes, la Minusma "peine à assumer pleinement son rôle de stabilisation du pays", a-t-il estimé.

Le ministre a aussi plaidé devant la presse pour un plus grand soutien international à l'armée malienne, reconnaissant la réticence de l'ONU à s'engager elle-même dans des opérations anti-terroristes, et une meilleure coopération régionale.

"Le mandat de la Minusma concerne seulement le Mali alors que la menace est régionale" sur l'ensemble du Sahel, a-t-il souligné.

L'ONU fait valoir depuis le déploiement de la Minusma que les Casques bleus n'ont pas pour vocation de traquer les groupes extrémistes, laissant cette tâche aux forces françaises.

Mais la Minusma est elle-même de plus en plus régulièrement la cible d'attaques et d'attentats, qui ont coûté la vie à plus de 80 de ses soldats depuis trois ans.

Devant le Conseil, le patron des opérations de maintien de la paix de l'ONU Hervé Ladsous a seulement promis "d'explorer avec l'Union africaine les moyens de renforcer la coopération" dans le renseignement et le contrôle des frontières.

Dans son dernier rapport sur le Mali, le secrétaire général de l'ONU Ban Ki-moon jugeait "alarmante" l'insécurité dans le nord du pays et réclamait que l'armée malienne y renforce sa présence.

Il faisait état de "difficultés opérationnelles persistantes" pour la Minusma et demandait aux pays fournissant des Casques bleus et aux donateurs de lui fournir "des équipements et un entraînement conformes aux normes de l'ONU".

M. Ban doit publier fin mai un rapport de recommandations sur l'avenir de la mission.

Le nord du Mali était tombé en mars-avril 2012 sous la coupe de groupes jihadistes, qui ont été en grande partie chassés par une intervention militaire internationale lancée à l'initiative de la France en janvier 2013.

Mais des zones entières du pays échappent encore au contrôle des forces maliennes et étrangères.

SC/12316

7665th Meeting (AM)
Security Council
Meetings Coverage

Initial Optimism over Signing of Accord Dampened by Terrorism, Says Foreign Minister, Blaming Instability on Libya Situation

Every day lost in implementing the peace agreement in Mali was a day gained by extremist and terrorist groups betting on its collapse, the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations said today as he briefed the Security Council on the situation in that country.

Presenting the Secretary-General’s latest report (document S/2016/281) on the activities of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA), Under-Secretary-General Hervé Ladsous reported significant progress in recent weeks towards implementing the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation. It included steps towards establishing interim administrative arrangements in the north, the creation of two new regions — Taoudenni and Menaka — on the heels of an 18 January meeting in Algiers of the Agreement Monitoring Committee, and a meeting convened by President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita on 27 February in Bamako, where the parties to the peace agreement had set an implementation timetable for March and April.

He noted other positive developments, including the creation of national commissions on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration, as well as the construction of cantonment sites. In light of the security situation in the north, however, he warned against slow progress on defence and security issues, urging the Government and signatory armed groups to move forward on the Operational Coordination Mechanism that would be responsible for establishing mixed patrols and protecting cantonment sites. MINUSMA would do its part to facilitate that process, he said.

“In effect, every day lost during the implementation of the peace agreement is a day won for extremist and terrorist groups who have been gambling on the failure of the Mali peace process,” he said, warning that delays in implementation would have an impact on intercommunal conflicts, particularly in the Gao and Mopti regions, with alarming consequences for civilians. He paid tribute to Guinean peacekeepers and members of Mali’s defence and security forces killed in repeated confrontations with the Al Mourabitoun and Ansar Eddine movements, as well as other victims of terrorist attacks.

He reported that, despite a commitment on the part of the Government and the signatory parties to speed up implementation, trust must be consolidated. Putting the interim authorities in place and commencing mixed patrols and the cantonment process would be key steps towards restoring such basic services as health care and education, he said, urging the Government also to move quickly on preparations for a national conference of understanding.

Turning to the security situation, Mr. Ladsous saluted the efforts of Malian security forces to counter the influence of terrorist groups, in cooperation with neighbouring States and Operation Barkhane. MINUSMA, for its part, was stepping up its own security measures, he said, emphasizing the latent threat posed by terrorist and organized crime groups in a time of change for United Nations peacekeeping in West Africa, as well as the need for reinforced cooperation with the African Union, among others, on intelligence and border security. He announced a strategic review of MINUSMA by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations ahead of the Secretary-General’s next report, in late May, a month before the Mission’s mandate was due to expire.

The Council then heard from Abdoulaye Diop, Mali’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and African Integration. Recalling the Council’s visiting mission to Mali last month, he said it had shed light on the incompatibility of MINUSMA’s current mandate with its operating environment in terms of training and equipment. The Government of Mali had highlighted actions that would allow improved functioning of the Mission by making it more proactive, he said.

Besides civilians, defence forces and security personnel, MINUSMA was also the direct target of terrorist groups, he said, pointing out that the heavy toll of 80 “Blue Helmets” killed in three years made the Mission the deadliest current peacekeeping operation. A great deal was riding on the review of MINUSMA’s mandate, which needed updating to take into account the current security situation, including the growing terrorist threat, he said. It was also important that MINUSNMA report any human rights violations to the Government so that it could react in due time. The Government would continue to cooperate closely with all actors involved in the protection of human rights in Mali, he emphasized.

The Minister went on to voice regret that the initial optimism created by the signing of the peace agreement had been dampened by terrorism, drug trafficking and all forms of crime in the Sahel region. The lack of logical resources for judges as well as general instability made it all the more important to speed up the stabilization of Mali, he stressed. Instability in the country was due in part to the political situation in Libya, he noted, calling for an urgent solution to the crisis in that neighbouring country.

Underlining the need to accelerate implementation of the peace and reconciliation agreement, particularly in terms of political and security issues, he said the Government had taken significant steps in that regard. Urgent steps were needed on the part of signatory armed movements, including with regard to disarmament, demobilization and reintegration, as well as the roll-out of joint patrols. The Government was ready to shoulder its implementation responsibilities and hoped the Council would also play an active part, he said.

The meeting began at 10:04 a.m. and ended at 10:45 a.m.

For information media. Not an official record.

I. Introduction

1. Le présent rapport est soumis en application de la résolution 2227 (2015) du Conseil de sécurité, par laquelle le Conseil a prorogé le mandat de la Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA) jusqu’au 30 juin 2016, et m’a prié de lui faire rapport tous les trois mois sur la situation dans le pays et de rendre compte en particulier des progrès accomplis dans la mise en oeuvre de l’Accord pour la paix et la réconciliation au Mali issu du processus d’Alger et de l’action menée par la MINUSMA pour l’appuyer. Il porte sur la période allant du 17 décembre 2015 au 18 mars 2016.

II. Faits politiques importants

2 . Si l’on peut dire que le nouvel élan redonné vers la fin de 2015 s’est maintenu pendant la période considérée, durant laquelle des progrès ont été accomplis dans la mise en oeuvre de l’accord de paix, certains problèmes ont persisté. Le Gouvernement a pris des mesures pour mettre en oeuvre les réformes politiques et institutionnelles et la décentralisation, et il s’est employé à faire avancer les processus de cantonnement et de désarmement, démobilisation et réintégration. Le Gouvernement, la Coordination des mouvements de l’Azawad (CMA) et la coalition de groupes armés Plateforme ont participé de façon constructive à toutes les délibérations du Comité de suivi de l’accord et ont renouvelé leur engagement en vue d’accélérer la mise en oeuvre de l’accord. Malgré ces avancées, la période considérée a aussi été marquée par des retards prolongés dans l’application de certaines dispositions essentielles de l’accord, comme la mise en place d’autorités provisoires dans le nord, priorité des groupes armés signataires. Mise en oeuvre de l’accord de paix : mesures politiques et institutionnelles

3 . Le 18 janvier, l’Algérie a organisé à Alger une réunion consultative de haut niveau des membres du Comité de suivi de l’accord afin d’encourager les parties maliennes à relancer le processus de paix et à appliquer l’accord sans plus attendre. À cette réunion, à laquelle ont pris part des représentants du Gouvernement, les groupes armés signataires de l’accord et mon nouveau Représentant spécial pour le Mali et Chef de la MINUSMA, Mahamat Saleh Annadif, l’équipe de médiation internationale a reconnu qu’il importait de faire progresser la mise en oeuvre des dispositions de l’accord de paix relatives à la sécurité, en particulier celles se rapportant au cantonnement et à la mise en place de patrouilles mixtes. L’équipe a vivement encouragé les parties maliennes à accélérer également l’application d’autres clauses essentielles de l’accord, notamment concernant des questions liées à la décentralisation, au processus de désarmement, démobilisation et réintégration, à la réforme du secteur de la sécurité, à la réconciliation nationale et au développement dans le nord du pays. Les participants ont déploré la détérioration des conditions de sécurité et souligné la nécessité de renforcer la communication entre les parties maliennes au sujet de la mise en oeuvre de l’accord. Le Gouvernement était représenté par le Ministre des affaires étrangères, Abdoulaye Diop, qui a rendu compte des mesures engagées pour faire avancer le processus de paix, dont des réunions du Comité national de coordination de la mise en oeuvre de l’accord de paix et des dispositions prises en vue de la mise en place des autorités provisoires. La CMA et la Plateforme, insatisfaites en raison de la lenteur de l’application de l’accord de paix, ont publié un document sur l’état d’avancement de la mise en oeuvre, dans lequel elles ont appelé l’attention sur le manque d’engagement du Gouvernement. Les groupes armés signataires ont également émis des réserves à l’idée de conduire le processus de cantonnement alors que la mise en oeuvre des réformes politiques et institutionnelles n’a que peu progressé. Ils ont demandé que les dispositions de l’accord soient appliquées de façon équilibrée.

4 . Par la suite, le Gouvernement a engagé de nouvelles mesures visant à accélérer la mise en oeuvre des réformes prévues dans l’accord de paix. Le 19 janvier, il a nommé des gouverneurs pour les régions de Ménaka (qui faisait jusque-là partie de la région de Gao) et de Taoudéni (qui faisait jusque-là partie de la région de Tombouctou), qui ont été créées en vertu de textes adoptés en mars 2012 mais dont l’application est toujours pendante. La CMA, la Plateforme et les autorités coutumières des deux nouvelles régions se sont félicitées de ces nominations. Il reste toutefois à mettre en place des autorités locales pour que les deux régions soient effectivement administrées. Le 24 février, le Conseil des ministres a approuvé un projet de loi portant modification du code des collectivités territoriales adopté en 2012 et un décret sur les modalités d’établissement des autorités provisoires, que l’Assemblée nationale devait encore ratifier.

Abuja, Nigeria | AFP | Tuesday 4/5/2016 - 23:47 GMT

Nigeria has established a camp to rehabilitate and reintegrate Islamist Boko Haram militants who have surrendered and are sorry for their actions, the military said Tuesday.

The camp "is geared towards rehabilitating and reintegrating the repentant and the surrendering Boko Haram members back into normal life," it said in a statement.

The military did not give any details of the camp is or how it run, but said the repentant militants would be given vocational training so they can help contribute to the economy.

An estimated 20,000 people have been killed since Boko Haram began its campaign of violence in 2009 to carve out a hardline Islamic state in northeast Nigeria.

More than 2.6 million people have fled their homes since, but some of the internally displaced have begun returning.

Nigerian military authorities also appealed to those still carrying arms to repent, after recently announcing the capture of dozens of jihadist militants.

The statement said that troops will continue their offensive against insurgents in the northeast, and warned reluctant Boko Haram members of "imminent calamity".

ola-ade/cah

© 1994-2016 Agence France-Presse

4.5 MILLION DISPLACED PERSONS (Refugees, IDPs, Returnees)

These maps show displacements of populations in the Sahel due to ongoing regional crises, including Boko Haram-related violence in northeast Nigeria, the conflict in the neighbouring Central African Republic, and the unrest in northern Mali.

Le soutien belge au PAM tient au fait qu’il reste l’organisme de référence dans la fourniture de l’assistance alimentaire dans des conditions d’urgence.

De 2014 à 2015, la Belgique a donné plus de 34 millions euros aux projets du PAM.

En 2015, ces fonds ont notamment permis d’offrir une assistance vitale à ses bénéficiaires dans sept pays. La Belgique soutient notamment des programmes du PAM ayant un caractère innovant, tels que le programme « Achats au service du progrès (P4P) » ou encore le projet mVAM qui porte sur l’analyse et la cartographie mobile de la vulnérabilité. Reconnaissant le caractère essentiel de la logistique humanitaire, la Belgique soutient également le Service aérien humanitaire des Nations Unies (UNHAS), géré par le PAM.

Pour en savoir plus, lire le rapport Le PAM et la Belgique - Regard sur 2014-2015 (PDF, 8.37 MB).

Contexte

Le Programme alimentaire mondial des Nations Unies (PAM) est la plus grande agence humanitaire qui lutte contre la faim dans le monde. Entre 2014 et 2015, le PAM a apporté une assistance alimentaire à quelques 80 millions de personnes dans près de 80 pays. En tant qu’agence de première ligne des Nations Unies luttant contre la faim dans le monde, le PAM est parmi les premiers à répondre aux crises et à intervenir dans les pays en développement, où la prévention de la faim fait partie des priorités. Le PAM dépend entièrement de contributions volontaires pour le financement de ses projets humanitaires et de développement. Des gouvernements tels celui de la Belgique, font partie des principaux donateurs du PAM.

Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus sur le PAM.

Hidden justice for Boko Haram in Cameroon

By Mbom Sixtus

A military court in Cameroon last month sentenced to death 89 men on terrorism charges related to Boko Haram violence. A reporting blackout made it unclear if the sentences had been carried out or, if not, where those convicted were being held.

Read the full article on IRIN

INFORMATION GENERALE

Date de l'evaluation : 2-­‐Mar-­‐2016

Région : Lac

Departement : Fouli

Préfecture : Liwa

Evaluation faite par : OIM

Nom du lieu de déplacement : Diamaram

Type de lieu de déplacement : Site isolé

1er Ville/Village le plus proche : Village Kiskira 32 Km

2e Ville/Village le plus proche : Village Kiskawa 45 Km

Réseaux disponibles : Tigo