CAMEROUN

HUIT PERSONNES TUEES LORS D’AFFRONTEMENTS ENTRE BOKO HARAM ET L’ARMEE

Le 21 octobre, huit civils ont été tués et neuf autres blessés dans le village de Doulo, situé dans la région de l’Extrême-Nord du Cameroun, lors de combats entre des militants de Boko Haram et les forces de sécurité. Dans cette région en proie à la violence, il existe un besoin urgent de financement pour faire face aux questions de protection. Un renforcement en ce qui concerne l’accès à la santé et à un soutien psychologique est nécessaire.

BOKO HARAM PREND BRIEVEMENT LE CONTROLE D’UNE VILLE AU NORD

Le 23 octobre, des insurgés de Boko Haram ont brièvement pris le contrôle de Kerawa, une ville située dans le district de Kolofata dans l’Extrême-Nord du Cameroun, à la frontière avec le Nigeria. Les assaillants se sont retirés quand l’armée est arrivée, d’après les forces de sécurité camerounaises.

REPUBLIQUE CENTRAFRICAINE (RCA)

12 MILLIONS US$ DU FONDS D’INTERVENTIONS D’URGENCE POUR LA RCA

Le Chef des secours d’urgence de l’ONU (CSU), Stephen O'Brien, s'est rendu en RCA du 20 au 23 octobre dernier. A cette occasion, il a annoncé l'octroi de 12 millions de dollars issus du Fonds central pour les interventions d'urgence (CERF) pour soutenir les activités humanitaires en République centrafricaine. Le CSU a visité le site de personnes déplacées internes de Saint-Sauveur et le quartier PK5 à Bangui, ainsi que la zone de Dekoa, où plus de 10 000 personnes ont récemment été déplacées. Le CSU a appelé à une plus grande protection de la population civile et à un soutien continu à la RCA.

CONGO - BRAZZAVILLE

QUATRE PERSONNES TUEES ET DE NOMBREUX BLESSES LORS DE MANIFESTATIONS

Le 20 octobre, quatre personnes ont été tuées et de nombreuses personnes blessées dans la capitale, lors de manifestations en vue d’un référendum constitutionnel. FAIBLE TAUX DE PARTICIPATION AU REFERENDUM CONSTITUTIONNEL Le 25 octobre, des élections ont eu lieu pour une réforme constitutionnelle qui autoriserait le Président Sassou-Nguesso à se présenter de nouveau comme président en 2016. Des sources médiatiques ont indiqué une faible participation au référendum constitutionnel. Le 27 octobre, des rapports indiquent que plus de 92% des électeurs, d’après les résultats de la commission électorale, approuvaient la modification de la constitution.

COTE D’IVOIRE

ALASSANE OUATTARA REELU, PAS D’INCIDENT MAJEUR SIGNALÉ

Le Président de la Côte d’Ivoire, Alassane Ouattara, a remporté un deuxième mandat quinquennal avec presque 84% des votes, le 28 octobre, d’après des membres de la commission électorale. Le 25 octobre, les élections présidentielles ont eu lieu sans incidents majeurs. Une personne avait été tuée dans les violences pré-électorales après que la Cour constitutionnelle avait publié une liste de dix candidats validés, le 10 septembre. Ce vote est perçu comme étant crucial pour tourner la page après la crise politique de 2010-2011 suivie d’une guerre civile qui a tué plus de 3000 personnes et en a déplacé des centaines de milliers.

NIGERIA

AU MOINS 58 TUES ET PLUS DE 100 BLESSES DANS DES ATTENTATS SUICIDES

Le 23 octobre, au moins 55 personnes ont été tuées et plus de 100 blessées dans un attentat suicide visant des mosquées à Maiduguri et Yola, dans le Nord-Est du pays. Le 24 octobre, une autre attaque suicide à Maiduguri a tué trois personnes et en a blessé plusieurs autres, selon des sources médiatiques.

MALADIE À VIRUS EBOLA/ REGIONAL

3 NOUVEAUX CAS EN GUINEE, TOUS DE CONTACTS CONNUS

Trois nouveaux cas confirmés d’Ebola ont été signalés le 24 octobre dans le village de Kindoyah, dans la sous-préfecture de Kaliah, dans la préfecture de Forécariah. Ils viennent tous de contacts connus et suivis. Zéro cas ont été reportés en Sierra Leone et au Libéria.

HIGHLIGHTS
- 05 Additional Field Offices established in Borno, Yobe, Adamawa, Taraba and Benue to scale up UNHCR’s humanitarian footprint in the North East and North Central Regions.
- 1157 individuals trained in various activities between January and August 2015 by UNHCR and Partners.
- 100 family tents were distributed to the most vulnerable IDPs in Borno and Adamawa states, as well as 3,500 plastic sheeting in both states.

FOREWARD

I am delighted to share our first Impact and Learning report, Inspiring change. Since 2006 we have been pursuing a ten-year vision – to see 50 million people released from spiritual and material poverty through a network of 100,000 local churches. Over the last few years it has been incredibly encouraging to see our organisational thirst for powerful learning and robust evidence of impact continue to grow. During the year ahead we have plans to deepen our evidence base, to learn from our work and to make sure this learning is put into practice. Next year we will report in detail what we have achieved against our ten-year vision.

We are committed

Over the past ten years I have been deeply impressed by the commitment of both our staff and the local partner organisations (with which we work) to strive for the greatest effectiveness in their work and to seek continual improvement across all they do. As change accelerates and complexity increases, we know that we must become more agile and responsive, adapting to the needs and contexts in which we work. Our passion to learn and to grow is vital here.

As a faith-based organisation we are deeply committed to understanding more fully how faith in all its many aspects enables communities to thrive and to flourish. Lasting and sustainable transformation is only possible when negative behaviours, mindsets, norms and narratives are changed. Faith plays a vital role in helping people to discover hope, meaning and purpose in their lives. We are investing greater effort to support our staff and partners to distil front-line learning and marshal more evidence of how faith contributes to flourishing individuals and restored communities.

We are committed to going where the need is greatest. As we do so, we are especially keen to learn what is working well and how we can replicate, scale up and innovate from this existing work into new countries and contexts. As the international aid sector discusses future sustainable development targets, we also want to be driven by ambitious targets that will benefit the communities we work with.

We are achieving

Tearfund’s contribution to helping release people from poverty and injustice is only effective in conjunction with the professionalism, skill and energy of the front-line partners with which we work – local organisations, churches, faith networks and individuals. Their commitment and passion inspire me every day. As I hand over leadership of Tearfund later this year, I am encouraged and inspired by what we are achieving collectively through our work, as highlighted in this report. Inspiring change marks an important milestone in Tearfund’s journey. I hope you find the report as inspiring as I do. We invite you to join us on this journey of change.

Matthew Frost CEO
Tearfund – May 201

Des récoltes moyennes en 2015 vont conduire à l’insécurité alimentaire aiguë Minimale

Messages clés

• Nonobstant un début difficile de la campagne agricole, le renforcement de l’activité pluviométrique à partir de mi-juillet et la fin normale ou même tardive des pluies ont permis à la plupart des cultures de boucler convenablement leurs cycles et d’espérer des productions similaires à la moyenne quinquennale dans le pays.

• L’accès des ménages aux nouvelles récoltes leur permet d’avoir une consommation alimentaire normale, ce qui réduit la demande sur les marchés, avec comme résultante, des niveaux de prix des denrées de base globalement similaires à la moyenne quinquennale.

• L’amélioration de la consommation avec les récoltes, les opportunités de main d’œuvre agricole, et les prix normaux attendus vont conduire à des résultats d’insécurité alimentaire aiguë Minimale (Phase 1 de l’IPC) entre octobre 2015 et mars 2016 à travers le pays.

L’insécurité alimentaire continue à Diffa même après la fin de la période de soudure

Messages clés

• Les cumuls des pluies moyens à supérieurs enregistrés en août-septembre ont permis de rattraper le retard observé dans l’installation de la saison agricole tout en favorisant des conditions hydriques favorables à une production agricole et de pâturages estimés globalement comparable à la moyenne. Cependant, il y a des zones localisé de déficit de production, surtout à Tera, Ouallam, Tanout, Abalak, Bermo, et Aderbissinat.

• Les cultures irriguées de décembre 2015 à mars 2016 vont bénéficier des bonnes disponibilités en eaux favorisées par les fortes précipitations enregistrées en août-septembre 2015. Les cultures irriguées qui seront récoltées entre janvier et mars 2015 vont renforcer les disponibilités alimentaires des ménages et diversifier leur consommation alimentaire tout en améliorant leurs revenus.

• Les marchés en termes d’approvisionnement et de prix évoluent comme d’habitude à l’exception des marchés situés en zones soumises au conflit dans la région de Diffa. Sauf en cas d’achats locaux importants, cette situation favorable pourrait continuer jusqu’en mars 2016 avec même des tendances à la baisse des prix qui pourraient s’observer en décembre-janvier-février au moment où toutes les récoltes seront finies.

• Grace aux facteurs globalement favorables, l’insécurité alimentaire aiguë de la majorité des zones en Minimale (Phase 1 de l’IPC) en octobre 2015 va persister jusqu’en mars 2016. Toutefois, dans certaines zones pastorales de Abalak et Bermo, et dans certaines zones agropastorales de Téra, Ouallam, et Tanout, Stress (Phase 2 de l’IPC) va commencer entre février et mars 2016. Dans la région de Diffa les personnes déplacées et les personnes pauvres locales seront en Crise (Phase 3 de l’IPC) dès janvier 2016 pendant qu’elles dépendent significativement pour accéder aux aliments.

Millet, rice, and sorghum constitute the basic staple foods for the majority of the Malian population. Millet has traditionally been the most widely consumed, but since 2005 rice has become a popular substitute in urban households. Sorghum is generally more important for rural than urban households. Markets included are indicative of local conditions within their respective regions. Ségou is one of the most important markets for both the country and region because it is located in a very large grain production area. Bamako, the capital and largest urban center in the country, functions as an assembly market. It receives cereals from Koulikoro, Ségou, and Sikasso for consumption and also acts as an assembly market for trade with the northern regions of the country (Kayes and Koulikoro) and Mauritania. Markets in the deficit areas of the country (Timbuktu and Gao) receive their supplies of millet and rice from Mopti, Ségou and Sikasso.

Millet, maize, cowpea, and imported rice are the most important food commodities. Millet is consumed by both rural and poor urban households throughout the country. Maize and imported rice are most important for urban households, while cowpea is mainly consumed by poor households in rural and urban areas as a protein source. Niamey is the most important national market and an international trade center, and also supplies urban households. Tillaberi is also an urban center that supplies the surrounding area. Gaya market represents a main urban market for maize with cross-border connections. Maradi, Tounfafi, and Diffa are regional assembly and cross-border markets for Niger and other countries in the region. These are markets where households and herders coming from the northern cereal deficit areas regularly buy their food. Agadez and Zinder are also important national and regional markets. Nguigmi and Abalak are located in pastoral areas, where people are heavily dependent on cereal markets for their food supply. They are particularly important during the rainy season, when herders are confined to the pastoral zone.

West Africa can be divided into three agro-ecological zones or three different trade basins (West Basin, Central Basin and East Basin). Both important for understanding market behavior and dynamics.

The three major agro-ecological zones are the Sahelian, the Sudanese and the Coastal zones where production and consumption can be easily classified. (1) In the Sahelian zone, millet is the principal cereal cultivated and consumed particularly in rural areas and increasingly, when accessible, in urban areas. Exceptions include Cape Verde where maize and rice are most important, Mauritania where sorghum and maize are staples, and Senegal with rice. The principal substitutes in the Sahel are sorghum, rice, and cassava flour (Gari), the latter two in times of shortage. (2) In the Sudanese zone (southern Chad, central Nigeria, Benin, Ghana, Togo, Côte d'Ivoire, southern Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal, Guinea Bissau, Serra Leone, Liberia) maize and sorghum constitute the principal cereals consumed by the majority of the population. They are followed by rice and tubers, particularly cassava and yam. (3) In the Coastal zone, with two rainy seasons, yam and maize constitute the most important food products. They are supplemented by cowpea, which is a significantsource of protein.

The three trade basins are known as the West, Central, and East basins. In addition to the north to south movement of particular commodities, certain cereals flow horizontally. (1) The West basin refers to Mauritania, Senegal, western Mali, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and The Gambia where rice is most heavily traded. (2) The Central basin consists of Côte d'Ivoire, central and eastern Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Togo where maize is commonly traded. (3) The East basin refers to Niger, Nigeria, Chad, and Benin where millet is traded most frequently. These three trade basins are shown on the map above.

Sorghum, maize, millet, cowpea, gari (fermented cassava starch), and rice are all found in Nigerian markets. Sorghum, millet and maize are widely consumed by most households, but especially in the north, and are used by various industries. Maize is mainly used by the poultry industry as a raw material for feed while sorghum is used by breweries for producing beverages. Sorghum and millet are important for households in the north, particularly the border markets where millet is also heavily traded with Niger. Gari is widely consumed by households in the south and some in the north. Rice is produced and consumed throughout the country. The north is a major production and consumption area for cowpea which flows to the south for use by households and food processing industries. Ilela, Maidua, and Damasak are all critical crossborder markets with Niger. Saminaka, Giwa, Dandume, and Kaura Namuda are important grain markets in the north, which are interconnected with the Dawanu market in Kano, the largest wholesale market in West Africa, and some southern markets such as the Bodija market in Ibadan. Millet, sorghum, maize, and cowpea are among the most important cereals traded at Dawanu, while cassava and some cereals are traded with Bodija.

Sorghum, millet, white maize, and local and imported rice are the most important food commodities. Millet is most heavily consumed in the eastern and northern regions of the country. Local rice is another basic food commodity, especially for poorer households. Imported rice and white maize are most commonly consumed in and around the capital. The Marché d'Atrone in N’Djamena, the capital city, is the largest market for cereals. Moundou is an important consumer center for sorghum and the second largest market after the capital. The Abéché market is located in a northern production area. The Sarh market is both a local retail market and a cross-border market.

Millet, maize, and sorghum are the most important food commodities for household consumption. Millet is the staple of the most vulnerable households, while maize and sorghum also contribute to the food basket of a majority of all households.
Sankaryare market is the largest and most important market in Ouagadougou and supplies other markets within the country and region. Koudougou is located in one of the most populated areas in the country, where a majority of households depend on the market for their food needs. Djibo is in the highly vulnerable Sahelian zone. Pouytenga is an assembly market for products from Nigeria, Ghana, Benin, and Togo. Solenzo is a rural market located in the middle of a surplus production zone. Bobo Dioulasso is important center for both consumption and production – it functions as both the economic capital of Burkina Faso and is located in an important cereal production zone.

Rice, millet, sorghum, and maize are the primary staple foods in Senegal. Groundnuts are both an important source of protein and a commonly grown cash crop. Imported rice is consumed daily by the vast majority of households in Senegal particularly in Dakar and Touba urban centers. Local rice is produced and consumed in the Senegal River Valley. St. Louis is a major market for the Senegal River Valley. Millet is consumed in central regions where Kaolack is the most important regional market. Maize is produced and consumed in areas around Kaolack, Tambacounda, and the Senegal River Valley. Some maize is also imported mainly from the international market. High demand for all commodities exists in and around Touba and Dakar. They are also important centers for stocking and storage during the lean season. The harvests of grains and groundnuts begin at the end of the marketing year in October; and stocks of locally produced grains are drawn down throughout the marketing year. Senegal depends more on imports from the international market for rice than from cross border trade which mainly includes cattle from Mali and Mauritania that supply Dakar and surrounding markets.

AMOUNT: EUR 65 803 460

0. MAJOR CHANGES SINCE PREVIOUS VERSION OF THE HIP

Fourth modification

At the end of September, an outbreak of violence erupted in the Central African Republic's capital city, Bangui, and subsequently spread across the provinces. Only in Bangui more than 40 000 people were forced to seek refuge in existing displacement sites at the peak of the crisis. In addition, around 2 900 people fled into the Democratic Republic of Congo. Humanitarian consequences of this situation were observed notably in the cities of Bambari, Dekoa and Kaga Bandoro.

Lootings of humanitarian organisations' premises and stocks have occurred. Generalised insecurity, heavily affecting transport on the main supply road from Cameroon, and lack of access to vulnerable populations have had repercussions on the ongoing humanitarian response. Life-saving activities have nonetheless been preserved, despite the temporary reduction of humanitarian presence in the country in the first days of October, through relocation of non-essential staff.

In this tense and highly volatile context, where the number of internally displaced people has reached around 400 000 individuals, it is necessary to increase the amount of this HIP by EUR 1 000 000 in order to scale up humanitarian assistance to the displaced while seeking to enhance affected population's resilience to new shocks.

The additional funding will be used to meet newly identified needs by extending ongoing actions.

Confidential and Open Source Data

This report examines trends over the first half of 2015 in both open-source and agency-reported data. We are pleased that this quarterly security analysis includes information from 11 contributing agencies - one more than last quarter. As compared to last quarter, this edition contains more reported incidents both from open sources (88, up from 51) and agencies (223, up from 198). As described below, many of the additional reported incidents affected humanitarian infrastructure and occurred in Africa and the Middle East. The number of reported severe events remained constant between the first and second quarters of 2015.

This edition introduces a basic incident rate for hotspot countries, calculated using the number of reported events divided by the number of contributing agencies present in a country (see box, page 6). The regional maps on pages 7 to 11 show those countries that appear on both the total incident and incident rate hot spot lists in orange.

The three hotspot rankings below (open source, incident count, and incident rate) illustrate three options for determining the most insecure countries for humanitarian agencies. Each of the methods illustrates only a selective part of the picture, underlining the fact that each remains an imperfect measure in the absence of better data.

We also carefully examined open-source and agency-reported events to avoid double counting the same event. In this edition, we indicate the origin of the data as open source (OS), agency reported (AR) or dual source events (DE), which refer to events reported in both sources. To our surprise, we discovered only seven events reported by contributing agencies and in open sources over the first six months of 2015. This represents 1.4 percent of all events (8/562) and raises questions about overall scale of threats and violence that affect humanitarian aid.

Page 4 and 5 are dedicated to Yemen. They discuss incidents reported between January and June 2015 in open sources and by the four contributing agencies present in the country

POINTS SAILLANTS

 De manière générale, on observe en 2015 une forte amélioration des conditions pastorales dans le Sahel comparé à 2014. La quantité de biomasse produite et son étendue (couverture spatiale) sont globalement plus favorables que l’année précédente, indiquant une forte disponibilité de pâturage pour la campagne pastorale 2015-2016.

 Une production de biomasse fortement excédentaire est visible au Mali alors que des productions globalement excédentaires/ proche de la normale apparaissent en Mauritanie, au Burkina Faso et au Niger

 À l’exception de Matam (Nord Sénégal) et de l’Ennedi (Est du Tchad), aucune zone dans le Sahel n’est globalement déficitaire en production de biomasse, comparé à la moyenne 1998-2015.

 La saison des pluies a commencé avec du retard au Tchad, au Sénégal et au Burkina Faso, mais a ensuite été compensée par une pluviométrie favorable sur l’ensemble de la zone pastorale.

KADUNA/MAIDUGURI, Nigeria, 2 November 2015 (IRIN) - The Boko Haram insurgency has claimed more than 25,000 lives in the past six years.

Since 2014, it has escalated and splintered across a wider swathe of West and Central Africa, uprooting millions of people in the process. Where should they go? This special feature examines the bleak options and explores what the future holds.

see the multimedia feature here

HIGHLIGHTS

 In Nigeria, the insurgent group has continued carrying out its attacks almost on a daily basis. Since the twin bomb attacks in the suburbs of Abuja on 2 October, which left about 20 persons dead and scores more injured, there have been similar attacks in Damaturu (Yobe State) and Maiduguri (Borno State). The latest occurred during the early morning prayers in the Borno State capital on 15 October.

 In Niger, the first week of October was marked by numerous attacks in the Diffa region. There was a return to normality during the second week, but the situation remains tense. The UNHCR field team has noted a surge in panic among displaced living along the Komadougou River. Although UNHCR activities have returned to normal and UN missions are reauthorized, restrictions on traffic and commerce are still in place.

 Fifteen suicide attacks have been reported in Cameroon since the month of July, resulting in the deaths of over 100 people. During the reporting period 19 people were killed in cross border incursions on villages bordering Nigeria.

 In Chad the security situation in the Baga Sola area has deteriorated severely. During the reporting period, some 58 people were killed in attacks perpetrated against soldiers and civilians alike. Since then day to day activities have somewhat resumed in Baga Sola, but the curfews and security measures are still in place. As a result of these attacks, local authorities plan to relocate the Kafio and Kousseri IDP sites as well as the Dar Es Salam refugee camp.oo

Nigeria Situation: UNHCR Regional Update No. 17 (30 September - 16 October 2015))