The following statement was issued today by the Spokesman for UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon:

The inquiry launched by the Secretary-General to determine the facts surrounding the violent demonstration that took place on 27 January 2015 in Gao, Mali, in front of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) Regional Headquarters has submitted its report.

The inquiry determined that members of a MINUSMA Formed Police Unit used unauthorized and excessive force on civilian protesters during the demonstration, resulting in the death by gunfire of three protesters and the wounding of four others.

The inquiry also established that some protesters and organizers of the demonstration bear responsibility for the violence of the protest, which included Molotov cocktails, stone throwing and attempts to breach the perimeter of the Regional MINUSMA Headquarters in Gao. The inquiry noted that MINUSMA security forces were left to face the protesters on their own in violation of the Status of Forces Agreement with the host country. Five MINUSMA police officers were wounded during the event.

The Secretary-General profoundly regrets the casualties among civilians resulting from the excessive use of force during this event by the MINUSMA personnel concerned. He condemns it as a violation of the MINUSMA Directive on the Use of Force. The Secretary-General is committed to ensuring that the responsible individuals are held fully accountable for their actions.

Steps are being taken in this regard with the authorities of Mali and the relevant police-contributing country. The Secretary-General encourages the Government of Mali to take the appropriate steps to prevent future such incidents. Communications, management and crisis procedures within MINUSMA will also be examined to prevent the recurrence of such acts.

The Secretary-General is committed to ensuring justice for the victims and their families according to local customs and appropriate United Nations procedures. MINUSMA is in contact with the local authorities and with the individuals and families concerned in this regard. On behalf of the United Nations, the Secretary-General expresses his deepest apologies to the victims and their families.

The United Nations and MINUSMA in particular remain committed to supporting the stabilization of Mali.

L’équipe d’enquête, mise en place par le Secrétaire général afin d’établir les faits concernant la manifestation violente qui a eu lieu le 27 janvier 2015 à Gao, au Mali, aux abords du bureau régional de la Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations unies pour la stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA), a présenté son rapport.

L’enquête a établi que des membres d’une unité de police constituée de la MINUSMA ont fait usage de la force de manière excessive et non-autorisée contre des civils pendant la manifestation, entraînant la mort par balle de trois manifestants et en blessant quatre autres.

L’enquête a par ailleurs établi que certains manifestants et organisateurs de la manifestation sont également responsables de la tournure violente qu’a prise la manifestation, avec notamment, des cocktails Molotov, des jets de pierres et des tentatives de forcer le périmètre de sécurité du bureau régional de la MINUSMA. L’enquête a noté que les forces de sécurité de la MINUSMA ont été laissées seules face aux manifestants, et ce, en violation des accords avec le pays-hôte sur le statut de la MINUSMA. Cinq policiers de la MINUSMA ont été blessés lors de l'événement.

Le Secrétaire général regrette profondément les pertes en vies humaines et les blessures encourues suite à l’usage excessif de la force par des éléments de la MINUSMA au cours de cet évènement. Il condamne ces violations des directives de la MINUSMA sur l’utilisation de la force. Le Secrétaire général s’engage à veiller à ce que les personnes impliquées soient tenues pleinement responsables de leurs actes. Des mesures ont été prises à cet effet avec les autorités maliennes et les autorités nationales du contingent contributeur mis en cause. Le Secrétaire général encourage également le gouvernement du Mali à prendre des mesures pour prévenir de tels incidents à l'avenir. Les procédures de gestion de crise, ainsi que de communication et de gestion au sein de la MINUSMA, seront en outre revues. Le Secrétaire général s’engage à veiller à ce que la justice soit rendue en conformité avec les pratiques locales et les procédures appropriées des Nations Unies. A cet égard, la MINUSMA est en contact avec les autorités locales, ainsi qu’avec les individus et familles concernés.

Au nom des Nations Unies, le Secrétaire général présente ses excuses les plus sincères aux victimes et à leurs familles.

L’Organisation des Nations Unies, et la MINUSMA en particulier, demeurent résolues dans leur soutien à la stabilisation du Mali.

Kano, Nigeria | | Thursday 4/2/2015 - 23:14 GMT

An explosion near a bus station in the northeast Nigerian city of Gombe killed at least five and injured 15 others, witnesses told AFP on Thursday, in an attack that bore the hallmarks of Boko Haram.

"We had an explosion outside the motor park (bus station) this evening around 8:30 pm (1930 GMT) which killed five people and injured 15 others," said Muhammad Garkuwa, a drivers' union official.

"The explosion was from an explosive left by a woman in her handbag beside a bus waiting to convey passengers to Jos," he said in an account supported by a nearby food seller.

The attack is the latest in a string of similar explosions against so-called "soft targets" such as busy bus stations and crowded markets in the restive northeast, which has been hit for the last six years by Boko Haram Islamists.

The group has been pushed out of captured territory in Yobe, Borno and Adamawa states since February by a four-nation coalition of troops from Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon.

Since then, the group has reverted to guerrilla tactics, including suicide bombings and attacks on civilians in urban centres.

Garkuwa said he loaded the casualties into a vehicle while Yusuf Darazo, who sells food near the bus station, said the female suspect left her bag after being told the bus's destination.

"No-one suspected her. People around assumed she was making calls before the bus filled up," he said.

"As she was talking in the phone she moved away from the bus towards a row of kiosks, as if she wanted to buy something, leaving her bag where she was standing.

"She disappeared and the bag exploded soon after, setting the bus on fire. I saw five dead and several injured."

Boko Haram fighters were suspected at the weekend of attacking a number of polling stations in Gombe state as Nigerians went to the polls to elect a new president.

At least seven people were killed and there was a wave of attacks on Saturday and Sunday in neighbouring Bauchi state, prompting a an indefinite round-the-clock curfew, including in the capital, Bauchi city.

The lock-down has now been lifted.

Residents in Kasheri, about 60 kilometres (40 miles) from Gombe city, and nearby Pindiga and Tumu, reported seeing suspected Boko Haram fighters and that they were firing in the air.

Some were barefoot and appeared disorientated, asking for directions, they added.

Nigeria's military insists that it finally has Boko Haram in the run, after more than 13,000 people have been killed and some 1.5 million left homeless.

President-elect Muhammadu Buhari on Wednesday vowed to crush Boko Haram, vowing to rid Nigeria of the scourge of "terrorism".

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

Kano, Nigeria | | jeudi 02/04/2015 - 22:30 GMT

Au moins cinq personnes ont été tuées et 15 blessées jeudi dans une explosion près d'une gare routière de Gombe, dans le nord-est du Nigeria, ont annoncé à l'AFP des témoins.

L'attentat, qui porte la marque du groupe islamiste Boko Haram, a été commis à 20H30 locales (19H30 GMT) par une femme qui a laissé son bagage à main à côté d'un autocar prêt à partir avec ses passagers pour la ville de Jos (centre), selon Muhammad Garkuwa, un responsable du syndicat des chauffeurs de bus.

"Personne ne la soupçonnait. Les gens pensaient qu'elle téléphonait avant que le bus ne se remplisse", a t-il dit.

"Alors qu'elle parlait au téléphone, elle s'est éloignée du bus vers des échoppes, comme si elle voulait acheter quelque chose, en laissant son sac là où il était".

"Elle a disparu et le sac a explosé peu après, enflammant le bus. J'ai vu cinq morts et plusieurs blessés", a t-il ajouté.

L'attaque est la dernière en date d'une série d'explosions similaires menée par Boko Haram ces six dernières années dans des stations de bus et des marchés bondés dans le nord du pays.

Le groupe islamiste, repoussé depuis février par une coalition militaire de ses fiefs d'Yobe, de Borno et de l'Adamawa, est revenu à des tactiques de guérilla, y compris les attentats-suicides et les attaques contre des civils dans les centres urbains.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

AFTERNOON

1st April 2015

Requests the High Commissioner for Human Rights to Prepare a Report on Violations and Abuses of Human Rights and Atrocities Committed by Boko Haram

The Human Rights Council this afternoon concluded its Special Session on Boko Haram after condemning gross abuses perpetrated by Boko Haram, calling for increased collaboration of the international community with the States affected by the terrorist activities of Boko Haram to monitor and dry up all possible sources of financing, and requesting the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights to prepare a report on violations and abuses of human rights and atrocities committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram with a view towards accountability.

In the resolution on atrocities committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram and its effects on human rights in the affected countries, the Council condemned in the strongest terms the gross abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law perpetrated by Boko Haram. The Council called upon those who provided support and resources to Boko Haram to put an immediate end to any such support that was contrary to international human rights law, and called for increased collaboration of the international community with the States affected by the terrorist activities of Boko Haram to monitor and dry up all possible sources of financing.

The Council also called for the perpetrators of heinous crimes committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram to be brought before the competent courts of the affected States to ensure that those responsible for abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law, including attacks targeting civilians, were held accountable. It requested the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to collect information from affected countries and in close cooperation and consultation with them, in order to prepare a report on violations and abuses of human rights and atrocities committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram in the countries affected by such acts, with a view towards accountability.

Speakers in the discussion strongly condemned the atrocities committed by Boko Haram and welcomed the initiative of the African Group to place that issue high on the Council’s agenda. It was noted that a sustainable response to terrorism had to go beyond its manifestations in order to address the root causes and to quash the allure of terrorist groups. The crisis generated by Boko Haram was not only limited to affected countries. It entailed wider consequences at the global level, and thus it was important to reduce inequalities, poverty and marginalization in order to increase the participation of everyone and reduce chances for recruitment by extremist ideologies. States were cautioned not to use counter-terrorism measures as a reason to give up their human rights obligations. National authorities had the primary responsibility to uphold respect for human rights and to provide protection and humanitarian assistance to those within their borders.

Ghana, Ethiopia, Pakistan, France, Brazil, India, Botswana, Mexico, Ireland, Japan, Maldives, Venezuela, Cuba, Viet Nam, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Togo, Czech Republic, Niger, Iran, Australia, Poland, Syria, Turkey, Canada, Switzerland, Austria, Israel, Sri Lanka, Mali, Holy See, Benin, Mozambique, Egypt, Greece, Costa Rica, Chile, Luxembourg, Nepal, Ecuador, Sudan, Belgium, Slovenia, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, South Sudan, Iraq, Bahrain, Guinea, Jamaica, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Italy, Djibouti, Uruguay, Senegal, Burundi, Spain, Jordan, Philippines, Mauritania, and Somalia took the floor, as did the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.

Algeria, speaking on behalf of the African Group, introduced the resolution. Latvia spoke in a general comment on behalf of the European Union. The United States spoke in an explanation of the vote after the vote.

The following non-governmental organizations took the floor: Human Rights Watch, Caritas Internationalis, International Federation for Human Rights Leagues (FIDH), Organisation pour la Communication en Afrique et de Promotion de la Cooperation Economique Internationale, Rencontre Africaine pour la defense des droits de l’homme, Amnesty International, Tchad Agir pour le Developpément, United Nations Watch, Union of Arab Jurists, Indian Council of South America, and International Movement Against all Forms of Discrimination and Racism.

The Special Session opened this morning with keynote statements by Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; Mireille Fanon Mendes France, Member of the Coordination Committee of Special Procedures; and Pierre Buyoya, High Representative of the African Union for Mali and the Sahel; as well as statements by concerned countries delivered by Pierre Moukoko Mbonjo, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Cameroon; Mahamat Issa Halikimi, Minister of Justice and Human Rights of Chad; and Danjuma Nanpon Sheni, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Nigeria.

A summary of their statements can be found here.

This was the twenty-third Special Session of the Human Rights Council. Documentation relating to the Special Session, including the resolution, is available on the Human Rights Council webpage. The twenty-ninth regular session of the Human Rights Council will take place from 15 to June to 3 July 2015.

Discussion

Ghana pledged support for the efforts of the African Union to combat the atrocities committed not only by Boko Haram, but also by other militant groups in Libya, Kenya and other countries affected by terrorism. It called upon all Member States to support consensus on the draft resolution, which should send the right message both to Boko Haram and to the authorities of the affected countries. The affected countries would appreciate the support of the international community in the form of technical assistance and funding.

Ethiopia condemned crimes committed by Boko Haram and congratulated the people of Nigeria on the successful completion of presidential elections. Boko Haram was threatening peace and security in Africa, and Ethiopia welcomed the formation of the multinational task force. The task force needed necessary support from the international community. Support was also necessary to address the plight of internally displaced persons and refugees.

Pakistan welcomed the convening of the Special Session and expressed solidarity with the African Group. It strongly condemned human rights violations, regardless of who the perpetrators were. It was deeply concerned about the crimes committed by Boko Haram. Their activities endangered the enjoyment of fundamental rights by people in west Africa. Pakistan noted that States held the primary responsibility for the protection of human rights.

France said that regional efforts to fight Boko Haram, which were starting to bear fruit, must be further supported, and called upon the concerned countries to bring those responsible for crimes to justice and to put in place a mechanism for support to victims. The United Nations also had a role to play in the fight against impunity, and the fact-finding mission by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights would greatly contribute to this goal. Respect for international humanitarian law and human rights law in the fight against terrorism was an essential condition.

Brazil said that this Special Session should focus on effective measures to address the human rights challenges in the fight against terrorist acts and other abuses perpetrated by Boko Haram. All perpetrators of human rights violations must be held accountable for their acts. The growing multinational character of violations and abuses committed by Boko Haram, which now reached into vast territories in several African countries, was of deep concern and Brazil appreciated initiatives undertaken at the regional level.

India said that terrorism was the most serious challenge to international peace and noted that the perpetrators of terror had established a strong and geographically widespread network of recruitment, funding and operations, with regional logistical and supply chains and transnational financing systems. The normative frameworks to deal with terrorism were deficient and India called for an early adoption of a comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism, which would help define a legal and normative basis for an effective counter-terrorism cooperation framework.

Botswana strongly condemned the flagrant disregard for human rights, the ruthless and senseless killing of civilians, including women and children, as well as the mass displacement of people in Nigeria by Boko Haram. The humanitarian situation continued to worsen, with more than 1 million internally displaced persons in Nigeria, and more than 200,000 refugees in neighbouring countries. Botswana supported all regional and international efforts to end the carnage and human rights abuses by Boko Haram, and welcomed the formation of the multinational joint task force.

Mexico vehemently condemned all acts of violence perpetrated by Boko Haram, and expressed concern about the serious humanitarian situation in the affected countries. Terrorism should not be linked to any religion, nationality, civilization or ethnic group. All the measures adopted in the fight against terrorism should conform to the principles of international humanitarian law.

Ireland highlighted that Boko Haram had grown to represent a threat to the entire region. It was the responsibility of the Government of Nigeria and its military authorities to create a secure environment in which human rights of all were promoted and protected. Ireland urged Nigeria to consider the valuable guidance, support and expertise which the Special Procedures could provide in promoting and protecting human rights while countering the terrorist activities of Boko Haram.

Japan said that countless lives were being lost in the African continent and in the world in acts of terrorism by the hands of extremist groups. Heinous acts of terrorism perpetrated by Boko Haram continued unabated and Japan continued to hope that all concerned countries would collaborate with other African States and the international community to take effective measures to contain the threat that Boko Haram posed to the people. Japan commended the efforts by the States in the region.

Maldives joined others in expressing concern about abuses by Boko Haram and condemned those acts in the strongest terms, as they threatened regional peace and security. The inhumane activities of Boko Haram had been ongoing since 2009, and last year the world had witnessed the escalation in violence, with torture, rape, and killings. Immediate measures needed to be taken to ensure safety and protection of civilians and the Maldives called upon the international community to provide all assistance to the region to protect them from such terrorist activities.

Venezuela expressed deep sadness and dismay at the crisis gripping Africa because of terrorist acts by Boko Haram. Venezuela rejected those practices and called for an end of those criminal actions that brought sadness and grief to hundreds of families. Venezuela appealed for tolerance and respect of life to prevail and said that the crisis triggered by those groups must be categorically condemned and rejected by nations.

Cuba reiterated its categorical condemnation of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations, wherever it occurred and whoever was responsible for terrorist acts. It also condemned any action that supported and financed terrorist acts and practices. Cuba condemned massacres of civilian populations in the affected countries and expressed conviction that African leaders had the ability to resolve the crisis.

Viet Nam shared the profound concerns of the international community about the human rights abuses and violations committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram. It welcomed the political will and practical efforts of the countries concerned to address the terrorist activities of Boko Haram. It supported the role of the Human Rights Council in providing assistance and relevant venues for international cooperation.

Gabon reiterated its solidarity with the people of Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger, which suffered on a daily basis due to the attacks by the terrorist group Boko Haram. The Government of Gabon was aware of the danger posed by Boko Haram for central Africa. It was a serious threat that aimed to undermine the efforts of African governments to ensure the well-being of their populations. Thus Gabon called upon all Member States to adopt the draft resolution.

Republic of Congo warmly welcomed the presence of African leaders in this Special Session which testified to the interest to combat and eradicate terrorism. The Republic of Congo was committed to fighting Boko Haram as evidenced by its active awareness raising about its horrific acts, and the mobilization of necessary funds. There was a clear need for concerted African action. The Republic of Congo noted the socio-economic impact of terrorism on the life of the affected countries.

Togo said that the Human Rights Council had an obligation to take action in light of terrorist acts perpetrated by Boko Haram and welcomed regional initiatives to combat this terrorist group. Togo called for adequate financial support for the deployment of the Joint Multinational Task Force and invited Member States to adopt by consensus the draft resolution.

Czech Republic said that the deteriorating human rights situation in the region deserved the Council’s attention and was worried by the displacement of an estimated one million people. The multinational Joint Task Force must ensure that the operations undertaken to combat Boko Haram and other terrorist groups must comply with international law, and perpetrators of all human rights abuses and violations on both sides must be held accountable.

Niger noted that in the Lake Chad basin, terrorism and violent extremism were manifested through abuses and human rights violations committed by Boko Haram. Everything had to be done in order to ensure that their crimes did not go unpunished. In that respect the support of the international community was indispensable in order to strengthen material and financial resources of States to fight terrorism. Help was also essential in order to address the plight of displaced populations and refugees, and to rehabilitate regions affected by the violence

Iran said that violent extremism was frightening as it threatened the basic foundation of international human rights law. Iran condemned in the strongest terms the crimes perpetrated by Boko Haram. At the same time, Iran rejected stereotypes that attached the name of Islam to bloody and violent acts committed by those heinous groups. To tackle the sinister menace of extremism, States should come together with a common resolve to address any conceptual, structural and procedural shortcomings which had led to such atrocious situations.

Australia joined the international community in condemning in the strongest terms the terrorist activities of Boko Haram. It stressed that any measures taken or means employed to counter terrorism had to comply with States’ obligations under international law. Oversight and accountability processes were an important part of ensuring that human rights remained protected. The international community had to ensure that those responsible for serious international crimes were held accountable.

Poland said that the scale and brutality of abuses committed by Boko Haram were appalling, and created a climate of intolerance towards members of religious or ethnic minorities, which could result in the dramatic rise of sectarian tensions and lead to large-scale religious persecution. Peace, security and observance of human rights required building trust, and Poland trusted that Governments of affected States had made effective provisions to protect minorities’ rights.

Syria said that the danger of terrorism must be addressed in cooperation with affected countries. It was very important to put an end to terrorists’ sources of funds. Terrorism posed a growing threat to many regions in the world and it was important to abandon double standards. Boko Haram had pledged allegiance to Da’esh in March, which was proof of the need to fight terrorism as a whole.

Turkey said that terrorism posed an immediate threat to international peace and security and could not have any justification. Any attempt to affiliate terrorism with any religion or ethnic group was utterly wrong and would play into the hands of terrorists. Turkey was deeply concerned about continuing violations of human rights by Boko Haram and welcomed the decision to establish a Multi-National Joint Task Force mandated by the African Union.

Canada expressed deep concern about the atrocities committed by Boko Haram, which had resulted in a humanitarian crisis in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger. It condemned in the strongest terms Boko Haram’s widespread and grave abuses of international human rights law. National authorities had the primary responsibility to uphold respect for human rights and to provide protection and humanitarian assistance to those within their borders. Canada supported the coordination between Nigeria and its neighbours to address this regional security threat.

Switzerland condemned in the strongest terms the atrocities committed by Boko Haram against the civilian population in northeast Nigeria and the region. It recalled that the committed abuses and violations should not be understood by States as a reason to give up their human rights obligations. States should always respect human rights within the territories they controlled. To that end, Switzerland called on all Member States to respect their obligations, and to ensure that any abuse was investigated.

Austria welcomed the convening of the Special Session in light of the abuses committed by Boko Haram. It noted that the United Nations and the Human Rights Council had to send a strong message and condemn the perpetrated crimes. It fully supported the call for the investigation of all abuses and violations of human rights. Due attention should also be given to the reports of alleged human rights violations committed in counter-terrorist measures.

Israel said that although Boko Haram had been conducting its horrific atrocities for years, the Human Rights Council was late to respond to it and only now agreed to address it. This “too little, too late” approach defined this body’s general attitude toward terrorist organizations and their sponsors. To look at Boko Haram as a Nigerian problem, or even as an African problem, would be an unfortunate mistake. It was one face of the global challenge of extreme Islamist terrorism that had no boundaries and went beyond regions and countries.

Sri Lanka was concerned about the spread of atrocities by Boko Haram into Nigeria’s neighbouring countries, thus contributing to the climate of fear in the region. Sri Lanka recognized that the fight against terrorism required a holistic approach and welcomed the initiatives of the affected countries and the African Union. It was hoped that this Special Session would propel nations into action and provide support to the affected countries.

Mali hoped that the work of the Special Session would draw up viable solutions to put an end to the atrocities of Boko Haram and said that the Human Rights Council must be at the forefront of providing answers in accordance with its mission. Mali called upon the international community to provide assistance to the population of the affected countries and called for international synergy to stem out the sources of financing of this and other terrorist groups.

Holy See noted that the merciless acts of Boko Haram exhibited development and dissemination of a radical and ruthless type of extremism inspired by an ideology which attempted to justify its crimes in the name of religion. Crimes in the name of religion were never justified. Massacring innocent people in the name of God was not religion but the manipulation of religion for ulterior motives. The Holy See encouraged an international collaborative effort to address the given crisis with urgency in order to prevent the extension of Boko Haram and other terrorist groups.

Benin expressed solidarity with the victims of Boko Haram, notably with the 200 school girls in the state of Borno in Nigeria. The gravity of the crimes committed by Boko Haram called for the mobilization of all in order to combat such odious acts of extreme violence. Benin therefore called on the Council to adopt the draft resolution, and to adopt urgent measures to eradicate the phenomenon of Boko Haram.

Mozambique commended the Human Rights Council for convening the Special Session devoted to the human rights violations and abuses committed by Boko Haram. It appealed to the international community at large to take immediate and effective measures aimed at eliminating the scourge of terrorism. The adoption of the draft resolution by consensus would constitute a strong signal of the commitment to that cause.

Egypt highlighted the importance of this Special Session which was dealing with one of the greatest threats to human rights not only in west and central Africa, but in the African continent as a whole. The trans-boundary nature of terrorism necessitated closer cooperation between all parties concerned, regionally and internationally. Such cooperation should aim at pre-empting the commission of any terrorist activities and seeking to hold the perpetrators of atrocities accountable in a way that would combat impunity.

Greece said that violent and horrific acts of the terrorist organization Boko Haram deserved collective condemnation in the strongest possible terms. Its atrocities must not go unpunished; the international community must ensure full accountability. Greece welcomed the leading role played by the African Union and sub-regional organizations to address the threats posed by Boko Haram and encouraged the efforts of the Multi-National Joint Task Force to enhance efforts to prevent civilian casualties and develop an effective approach to the protection of civilians.

Costa Rica expressed outrage at atrocities by Boko Haram, which were an affront to international humanitarian law and human rights and undermined peace and security in the whole region. The perpetrators must be brought to justice and those found guilty must be held to account. Boko Haram had developed its destructive capacities because it had access to resources; States and others who supported this access were also responsible for human rights violations and could be brought to justice.

Chile welcomed the initiative of the African Group that sought to address the humanitarian crisis and the violation of human rights by Boko Haram that had undermined security in Nigeria and neighbouring countries. The crisis generated by Boko Haram was not only limited to affected countries. It entailed wider consequences at the global level, and thus it was important to reduce inequalities, poverty and marginalization in order to increase the participation of everyone and reduce chances for recruitment by extremist ideologies.

Luxembourg condemned in the strongest terms the atrocities committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram. It attached great importance to the plight of women and children who were subjected to the worst physical, psychological and sexual violence. All those odious acts, however, should not allow concerned States to give up on their primary responsibilities, such as protecting their populations and respecting international humanitarian law.

Nepal noted that terrorism endangered global peace and security, and seriously undermined the enjoyment of fundamental rights and freedoms. It expressed great concern that some groups carried out violence merely to attract attention. Terrorism could be better tackled through coordinated international efforts. Underlying causes of terrorism, such as poverty and marginalization, should be addressed in the efforts to fight terrorism.

Ecuador expressed concern at the violence committed by Boko Haram in which 15,000 persons had lost their lives. Ecuador was particularly outraged by the use of children to carry out suicide attacks and abhorred the abduction of women and children whose fate remained unknown. The Council had taken too long to listen to the voices of victims and Ecuador welcomed the holding of this Special Session so that this issue could be openly discussed.

Sudan expressed concern at the flagrant violation of human rights by Boko Haram against civilians in a number of African countries. National, regional and international efforts must be stepped up to create a mechanism to put an end to this phenomenon in Africa. The international community and all partners should increase their support for the affected countries in their fight against terrorism.

Belgium said that atrocities by Boko Haram should be considered war crimes and crime against humanity and said that special attention must be paid to protecting women and children and other vulnerable groups. Belgium was concerned about credible reports of human rights violations by security forces, including torture in prisons and the high number of extrajudicial killings. Belgium supported the inquiry by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights into the overall human rights situation in the country.

Slovenia expressed great concern about the grave abuses and human rights violations committed by Boko Haram, and deeply deplored the abduction of girls and the recruitment of child soldiers. While welcoming the efforts of the African Union to combat the threat of Boko Haram, it called for a more coordinated effort at the international level. It stressed that the investigation of all crimes should be conducted.

Lebanon welcomed the Special Session of the Council and condemned the activities of Boko Haram in Nigeria and neighbouring countries. Terrorism was spreading. Boko Haram had ties with Da’esh in the Middle East. It was noted that the activities by Boko Haram tended to pervert Islam, especially acts against women and girls. Terrorism was a terrible attack on States and Lebanon thus called upon the Council to act as a platform for expressing dismay with respect to terrorism.

Libya strongly condemned the acts of Boko Haram which constituted a dangerous threat to Nigeria and neighbouring countries. It expressed solidarity with the victims of Boko Haram’s attacks, noting that it was necessary to bring the perpetrators of such heinous crimes to justice. The danger of the terrorist threat was present in multiple countries and thus it should be the priority of the international community to provide aid and support to the affected countries.

Malaysia strongly condemned the abduction of women and girls who were then subjected to forced marriage and sexual violence by Boko Haram, and the abduction of children and forcing them into becoming child soldiers and human shields. Fighting terrorism demanded effective international action in accordance with the United Nations Charter and needed to be addressed in a more comprehensive manner, including through developmental efforts to address socio-economic roots of terrorism.

South Sudan welcomed the convening of this Special Session and reaffirmed its solidarity with the affected States. The international community should provide multi-faceted support to the affected States in fighting Boko Haram and humanitarian assistance to the displaced civilians. South Sudan welcomed the leading role of the African Union and regional organizations in addressing the threat and welcomed the establishment of the Multi-National Joint Task Force.

Iraq said that human rights violations perpetrated by extremist terrorist groups had increased and spread. Terrorist groups today constituted the major source of human rights violations in several countries in the world, including in Iraq, which suffered from attacks by Da’esh. The spread of this terrorist group in many other countries was a cause for alarm, because of the risk that it would grow into a trans-national group that could not be easily dismantled.

Bahrain welcomed the convening of the Special Session and supported combatting religious extremism. It was important that all States fought terrorism. Bahrain condemned the human rights violations committed by Boko Haram and rejected all forms of terrorism, noting that such acts only shattered societies and stopped normal people from living normal lives. The adoption of a multi-dimensional approach was necessary in order to address the root causes of terrorism.

Guinea reiterated the commitment of African countries to the fight against terrorism. It was noted that Boko Haram had nothing to do with Islam and that the root causes of terrorism needed to be addressed. There was a need for immediate reaction to the spread of extremist ideologies.

Jamaica condemned acts of terrorism perpetrated by Boko Haram, whose trail of blood and victimization had undermined the stability of communities and regions in Nigeria and neighbouring countries. Sustainable response to terrorism had to go beyond its manifestations, no matter how horrific, and address the root causes. In that way, the allure of such groups would be quashed.

Organization of Islamic Cooperation said that Boko Haram spread fear and despair in west Africa and particularly in Nigeria. Boko Haram was launching itself in the frenzy of destruction which would take a long time to heal. It aimed to expand and was spreading into many other countries in Africa; its links went beyond Da’esh and it was transforming into a global and trans-national phenomenon. This was a major concern to the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.

Democratic Republic of the Congo said that atrocities by Boko Haram had led to enormous loss of life, destruction of educational infrastructure for children, and held up the economic future of the African continent. The violence was spreading to other parts of Nigeria and other African countries. This terrorist group represented a genuine threat to regional peace and security and that was why a robust regional and international effort was needed to put a definitive end to the terror and despair caused by Boko Haram.

Italy shared the strong concerns about the situation in Nigeria and its neighbours and said that this dangerous terrorist group was responsible for conducting inhumane acts, including killing, abduction, rape, recruitment of children and others. Italy praised the efforts by the countries in the region and the Multinational Joint Task Force and believed that the region could overcome such severe challenges through a comprehensive and coordinated approach as underlined by the United Nations Integrated Regional Strategy for the Sahel.

Djibouti noted that the Heads of State of the African Union had decided to establish a Multinational Joint Task Force to combat Boko Haram because they were aware of their obligation to protect their citizens against terrorist threats, and to bring the perpetrators of terrorist acts to justice. It was extremely important for the Council had taken up this issue because terrorism had a grave effect on the enjoyment of human rights. The involvement of minors in the armed conflict was particularly worrying.

Uruguay thanked the African Group for having called the Special Session and expressed its support for the Government and people of Nigeria and neighbouring countries which suffered from violence. The strategy of terror, unusual brutality and cruelty constituted a threat to the stability of the region and security of the population, and it merited a firm condemnation by the international community. Uruguay noted that no atrocity should go unpunished.

Senegal called for vigorous and effective action of the entire international community in order to eliminate Boko Haram, including support for the efforts of the Multinational Task Force established by the African Union. All available financial and technical resources should be devoted to that end. Senegal welcomed the adoption of the draft resolution, which would send a strong signal of solidarity to the affected population.

Burundi welcomed the organization of this Special Session, driven by collective concern over the atrocities committed by Boko Haram, and the collective determination to denounce and eliminate human rights violations by Boko Haram. Burundi invited Member States of the Human Rights Council to adopt the draft resolution by consensus.

Spain reiterated that terrorism could never be used as an excuse by States to violate the human rights of all persons in their territory or jurisdiction. Spain expressed its support for Nigeria and other countries in the region which fought terrorism and recalled the ultimate responsibility of States to respect human rights in their fight against terrorism. Spain supported the role of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in documenting the barbaric violations of human rights by Boko Haram.

Jordan condemned all terrorist activities and reiterated solidarity with the international community to address Boko Haram, extremism and radical violence. Terrorism in all its forms must be combatted and the international community should strengthen the coordination efforts to combat the phenomenon and its root causes. There was a need to combat ideologies which targeted Islam and its message of peace.

Philippines expressed appreciation to the African Group for the initiative to discuss and show the resolve of the Human Rights Council in condemning the human rights violations committed by Boko Haram and its affiliated groups. The Philippines strongly condemned terrorism in all its forms and affirmed its commitment to democracy, the rule of law, peace and international security, and the promotion and protection of human rights. It called on the international community to work together to fight terrorism.

Mauritania noted that terrorism threatened peace and security in several regions in the world. The Special Session was taking place in the context of worsening security challenges. Such a context required more international coordination and cooperation in order to stop criminal bands. Insecurity would remain a threat for all in today’s globalized world, which required an approach based on regional and international cooperation.

Somalia expressed gratitude for the tribute that Member States’ delegations had given to the late Ambassador Yusuf Bari-Bari. It was stressed that the Government of Somalia would continue the work of Ambassador Bari-Bari towards the protection and promotion of human rights.

Human Rights Watch said that at least 3,750 civilians had died during Boko Haram’s attacks in northern Nigeria in 2014, while reported attacks had increased in the first quarter of 2015, with more than 1,000 civilians killed. Boko Haram deliberately targeted villages and committed mass killings and abductions as their attacks spread into Cameroon, Chad and Niger since February. Human Rights Watch had documented human rights violations by Nigerian security forces as they responded to attacks by Boko Haram.

Caritas Internationalis said that last year over one million Nigerians had fled due to Boko Haram attacks. The underlying causes of terrorism must be addressed, including socio-economic factors and bad governance. The international community should allocate funds to respond to the humanitarian needs of internally displaced persons and refugees, and close all sources of financing of this terrorist group.

International Federation for Human Rights Leagues (FIDH) said that in the light of the widespread and systematic nature of attacks, the acts by Boko Haram constituted war crimes and crimes against humanity. The Human Rights Council should adopt the resolution and ask the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights to carry out a comprehensive investigation of human rights violations and abuses and ensure that the perpetrators did not go unpunished.

Organisation pour la Communication en Afrique et de Promotion de la Cooperation Economique Internationale noted that it was the responsibility of the State to protect its people in peace and war. Accordingly, massacres perpetrated against civilian populations and abductions of girls, women and children by Boko Haram terrorists raised grave concerns. Those terrorist acts jeopardized all human rights and fundamental freedoms. Africa had not seen a single year without civil war. Such problems stemmed from longstanding colonial rule, which had resulted in ethnic problems, racial discrimination, pandemics and poverty.

Rencontre Africaine pour la defense des droits de l’homme said that the emergence of Boko Haram was due to political and economic weakness. It also had to be noted that the actions of the Nigerian military contributed to the hostility of civil populations who did not cooperate with the authorities. Such interplay between Boko Haram and the Nigerian security forces had exacerbated the spread of extreme violence and its export to neighbouring countries.

Amnesty International noted that the situation in Nigeria demonstrated a cycle of violence in which human rights abuses and violations by the armed group Boko Haram and the Nigerian security forces all too often fed further violations and abuses. That cycle had to be broken. The Government of Nigeria had to take prompt and effective steps to investigate and hold accountable perpetrators of serious crimes on all sides.

Tchad Agir pour le Developpément said that Boko Haram had slaughtered several thousand civilians and burned down scores of villages, forcing the civilians to flee. Chad was facing a colossal budgetary deficit because of the mass arrival of refugees in the north and west of the country.

United Nations Watch said it had been more than five years that Boko Haram had been on the rampage and asked why the United Nations had taken so long to respond. The Council had remained silent on the attack on United Nations headquarters in Abuja in which 23 had been killed, and at the suicide bombing of the mosque in Borno. When would the Council take action for the innocent victims of Boko Haram?

Union of Arab Jurists called upon States to respect the United Nations resolutions on terrorism and to respect their human rights obligations. The perpetrators of the atrocities by Boko Haram must be prosecuted.

Indian Council of South America expressed condolences to the family of Ambassador Yusuf Bari-Bari and to the people of Somalia. The Human Rights Council had to address the grave acts and terrorism perpetrated by Boko Haram. The affected countries needed to be supported not only by States, but by the international community and non-governmental organizations.

International Movement Against all Forms of Discrimination and Racism, in a joint statement regretted that little progress had been made to fight against terrorist attacks and human rights violations committed by Boko Haram. It called upon the Government of Nigeria to redouble its efforts against Boko Haram in a renewed environment after the recent presidential elections. It also urged the Council to fully support Nigeria to restore peace and religious harmony.

Action on the Resolution on Atrocities Committed by the Terrorist Group Boko Haram and its Effects on Human Rights in the Affected Countries

In a resolution (A/HRC/S-23/L.2)on atrocities committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram and its effects on human rights in the affected countries, adopted without a vote as revised, the Council expresses deep concern about the large number of displaced persons and refugees within Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Benin, and condemns in the strongest terms the gross abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law perpetrated by Boko Haram. The Council calls upon those who provide support and resources to Boko Haram to put an immediate end to any such support that is contrary to international human rights law, and calls for increased collaboration of the international community with the States affected by the terrorist activities of Boko Haram to monitor and dry up all possible sources of financing.

The Council also calls for the perpetrators of heinous crimes committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram to be brought before the competent courts of the affected states to ensure that those responsible for abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law, including attacks targeting civilians, are held accountable; urges States to protect human rights while fighting terrorism; and requests the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to collect information from affected countries and in close cooperation and consultation with them, in order to prepare a report on violations and abuses of human rights and atrocities committed by the terrorist group Boko Haram in the countries affected by such acts, with a view towards accountability, and to provide an oral update, as part of an interactive dialogue, to be held at the twenty-ninth session of the Human Rights Council and to submit a report for its consideration at its thirtieth session.

Algeria, speaking on behalf of the African Group, introduced resolution S-23/L.1 and thanked all the countries that co-sponsored it and that took part in the consultations. The draft resolution reflected the concerns of the African Group and the international community about the challenges posed by terrorism. In its operative part, the resolution highlighted appeals and recommendations to firmly condemn Boko Haram’s atrocities, and to enhance cooperation with African countries in their fight against terrorism. The draft resolution called on members of Boko Haram to be brought to justice, and asked the High Commissioner for Human Rights to draft a report on the committed human rights violations in the region and to present it at the next session of the Human Rights Council.

Latvia, in a general comment on behalf of the European Union, expressed sincere solidarity with the victims of Boko Haram. The provision of assistance to the multinational task forces established by the African Union would better be discussed in other fora. States held the primary responsibility in the protection of human rights. The military operations conducted by the multinational task forces had to comply with international human rights law. The increased presence of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights on the ground was welcome. The European Union would join the consensus on the draft resolution.

United States, speaking in an explanation of the vote after the vote, thanked the African Group for leading the process and looked forward to the report of the High Commissioner for Human Rights on the violations that were being committed in the affected countries. The United States expressed concern about the inclusion of language that fell outside of the scope of the Council, such as the control of financial funds to terrorist organizations. The United States strongly condemned the violations being committed by Boko Haram, but said the principal role for Members of the Council was to hold each other accountable for human rights obligations.

Closing Remarks

JOACHIM RÜCKER, President of the Human Rights Council, said that the report of the Special Session was being finalized and would be soon posted on the intranet. The Council then adopted the report of the session ad referendum and closed the twenty-third Special Session.

For use of the information media; not an official record

CONF150402-CS

La Représentante permanente de la Jordanie auprès des Nations Unies, Mme Dina Kawar, qui préside ce mois-ci le Conseil de sécurité, a présenté à la presse, cet après-midi, le programme de travail mensuel de cet organe, qui sera notamment marqué par trois débats publics, dont un, le 23 avril, portera sur le rôle des jeunes dans la lutte contre l’extrémisme violent et pour la promotion de la paix.

Ce débat très important au niveau ministériel, inscrit sous le thème général du maintien de la paix et de la sécurité internationales, sera présidé par le jeune Prince Al Hussein bin Abdullah II, a souligné Mme Kawar au cours d’une conférence de presse tenue aujourd’hui au Siège des Nations Unies, à New York.

Auparavant, le 21 avril, le Conseil de sécurité tiendra son débat trimestriel sur le Moyen-Orient, y compris la question palestinienne, que présidera le Vice-Premier Ministre et Ministre des affaires étrangères jordanien, M. Nasser Judeh.

Mme Kawar, qui est la première femme d’un État Membre arabe à présider le Conseil de sécurité, a également fait état du débat qui aura lieu, le 15 avril, sur les femmes et la paix et la sécurité, et qui se déroulera avec la participation de la Représentante spéciale chargée de la question des violences sexuelles commises en période de conflit, Mme Zainab Bangura, qui, à cette occasion, présentera le dernier rapport du Secrétaire général sur la question.

La Présidente du Conseil de sécurité au cours du mois d’avril 2015 a souligné que des consultations auraient lieu aujourd’hui sur la Syrie, concernant les armes chimiques, et qu’il y en aurait d’autres le 24 avril. Ces dernières auront lieu après que le Conseil de sécurité ait entendu un exposé de l’Envoyé spécial du Secrétaire général en Syrie, M. Staffan de Mistura. Lors de cette séance publique tenue au niveau ministériel, le Conseil de sécurité examinera la crise syrienne et ses répercussions sur les pays voisins, a indiqué Mme Kawar, précisant que les réfugiés comptaient désormais pour 21% du total de la population de la Jordanie.

Le Conseil tiendra également une réunion en formule Aria le 27 avril pour discuter de la destruction des biens culturels et de leur commerce illicite pendant les conflits armés, a annoncé Mme Kawar. Au cours de cette séance informelle à huis clos, ses membres entendront en particulier des exposés de la Directrice générale de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’éducation, la science et la culture (UNESCO), Mme Irina Bokova, et d’un représentant d’INTERPOL.

Le Conseil a également prévu une retraite sur son agenda du mois d’avril avec le Secrétaire général. Elle aura lieu les 6 et 7 avril, et l’accent y sera notamment mis sur les questions relatives aux soldats de la paix et aux régimes de sanctions en général.

Outre l’adoption, ce matin, de la résolution 2215 (2015) approuvant la recommandation du Secrétaire général relative à la reconfiguration de la Mission des Nations Unies au Libéria (MINUL), le Conseil de sécurité se prononcera le 28 avril sur trois autres textes portant respectivement sur les sanctions en Côte d’Ivoire, la Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation en République centrafricaine (MINUSCA) et la Mission des Nations Unies pour l’organisation d’un référendum au Sahara occidental (MINURSO).

Des séances d’information et des consultations figurent aussi à l’ordre du Conseil les 9 et 14 avril, et ont trait respectivement à la Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation au Mali (MINUSMA) et à la MINUSCA. De même, ont été programmées les 8 et 16 avril des réunions avec les pays fournisseurs de contingents déployés, respectivement, au sein de la MINUSCA et de la MINURSO. Le 22 avril, un exposé et des consultations porteront sur les sanctions en Côte d’Ivoire.

La représentante de la Jordanie a par ailleurs précisé aux journalistes que des négociations sur un possible projet de résolution des pays du Conseil de coopération du Golfe relatif à la situation au Yémen étaient toujours en cours, ces négociations étant « difficiles ». « Mais nous finirons par arriver à une solution », a déclaré Mme Kawar. Elle a ajouté que des discussions se poursuivaient également sur un texte concernant le groupe terroriste Boko Haram.

La Présidente du Conseil de sécurité a du reste souligné que dans sa forme actuelle le programme de travail comportait des cases vides afin de permettre notamment au Conseil de traiter de questions d’actualité susceptibles de surgir à un moment ou à un autre.

Insurgency in Northeastern Nigeria

Since 2013, communities in Borno, North East Adamawa and part of Yobe State in Northeastern Nigeria have been under constant attacks by insurgents. As the attackers force their way into towns, hundreds of thousands of people have fled their homes. They trek through hills in order to escape, separated from their families and with no idea where to go.

More than 1.5 million people have been displaced across the region. Many are caught in a constant cycle of displacement: they leave one area for another, only for the new area to come under attack. Families and communities that have taken in internally displaced persons (IDPs) in their homes suddenly become IDPs themselves.

After enduring arduous journeys to escape the insurgency, IDPs find themselves in unknown areas without basic necessities like food and water, and with no means to support themselves and their children. Government camps and generous host communities try to provide for their immediate needs, but IDP numbers are rising faster than communities can accommodate them.

Oxfam's humanitarian response

Since May 2014, Oxfam and local partner Civil Society Coalition for Poverty Eradication (CISCOPE) have been working in 16 locations in Yola, North East Adamawa, to provide much-needed humanitarian relief to displaced people from 41 communities.

•We have provided over 25,000 beneficiaries with 25kg each of rice, beans and maize flour or maize grains, and 10 liters of palm oil.

•20,000 beneficiaries received hygiene and laundry soaps, 10 liter and 20 liter jerry cans, water treatment tablets and mosquito nets.

•Other items distributed include micronutrient powder, blankets, mats, cooking utensils, kettle, baby potties, and sanitary pads.

This month’s update highlights children and armed conflict concerns and provides recommendations for the protection of children in the situations of Central African Republic (CAR), Iraq and Nigeria. In particular, this update highlights recommendations regarding forthcoming mandate renewals of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) and negotiations on a resolution regarding endorsement of the Multi-National Joint Task Force (MNJTF) in response to Boko Haram.

Watchlist on Children and Armed Conflict is a network of local, national and international non-governmental organizations striving to end violations against children in armed conflicts and to guarantee their rights. Monthly updates are based on the experience of Watchlist and its member organizations in specific country situations and Watchlist’s expertise in over a decade of engagement with the Security Council’s children and armed conflict agenda.

Millions of Nigerians went to the polls between March 28 and 29 to cast votes for a president in what has been billed as the most important election in that country since the return of democratic governance in 1999. Although there were 14 candidates for the presidency, the real contest was between the incumbent President Goodluck Jonathan of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) and General Muhammadu Buhari of the All Progressives Congress (APC) party. In addition to being the most competitive election in Nigeria since independence, the election was held amid rising tensions in the country on account of terror attacks by Boko Haram. There has been increasing tension between the north and the south due to what northerners consider a “lost turn” for the presidency and continued economic marginalization of their region. All these factors have tended to exacerbate traditional ethnic, regional, and religious fractures that have defined Nigerian politics since independence. As such, leading up to the election, there were widespread fears that it would be marred by violence. Although there were some incidences of violence, the elections were remarkably peaceful, and Nigerians are to be congratulated for advancing democracy.

In this hotly contested election, all indications are that General Buhari will imminently be declared the winner and next president of Nigeria by the country’s Independent National Electoral Commission. The results released so far show that Buhari won with approximately 56.3 percent of votes against Jonathan’s 43.6 percent. Indeed, President Jonathan has called Buhari to concede the election. Unsurprisingly, voting patterns reveal the differences in the regions of support with Buhari dominating the northern states and Jonathan doing well in most southern states. However, Buhari also did reasonably well in some of southern states normally dominated by Jonathan’s party.

Given the advantages of incumbency, the win by Buhari reflects the widespread frustration among Nigerians with Jonathan’s rule especially his government’s failure to contain Boko Haram and also the increasing desperation by youth due to high joblessness. The high turnout in northern states also reflects the general feeling by northerners that it should be their turn to rule and also due to the perceived marginalization of the region. Importantly, Buhari is not new to leadership: He previously served as head of state between 1983 and 1985, having taken power in a military coup. Buhari follows in the footsteps of former President Olusegun Obasanjo who headed a military government between 1976 and 1979 and later was elected president in 1999.

The next government faces major challenges ahead. As noted, the country remains fractured along various dimensions of identity. These fractures have been a major hindrance to development in the country since independence, and the new government must prioritize tackling the sources of these fractures. In particular, the real and perceived marginalization of the north must be addressed through more fair allocation of resources and targeted investments to promote economic activities in the region. The government must deal firmly with Boko Haram else the terror groups will continue to gain momentum that may be extremely difficult to contain in the near future. Finally, the new government must continue to implement far-reaching economic reforms that are absolutely necessary to sustain high rates of economic growth necessary to create jobs for the millions of unemployed youth and also to fight the country’s deplorably high levels of poverty.

A peaceful and transparent election in Nigeria has implications to the advancement of democracy in Africa. As the most populous country and largest economy in Africa, Nigeria is the most important country on the continent and has the potential to influence developments not only in West Africa but, indeed, the entire continent. Transparent elections will strengthen the country’s leadership role in the continent, both as an example of successfully resolving conflicts and as a stalwart against undemocratic transitions. In addition, entrenchment of democracy in Nigeria is bound to translate into better economic performance with positive spillover effects to other countries.

Finally, Nigeria deserves increased support from the international community. In a previous posting, I made the case for a visit to Kenya, Ethiopia and Nigeria by President Obama before he leaves office. Now that the president has announced his visit to Kenya in July, he must consider going to Nigeria as well. The conduct of what was generally peaceful and transparent election strengthens the case for a visit by President Obama. The international community should increase support for the new Nigerian government in its efforts to eradicate Boko Haram. With improved governance and security, Nigeria should be an ideal recipient of increased foreign direct investment flows: Thus, the election opens opportunities for U.S. firms to increase investment in the country.

L’objectif fondamental de la Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité (RSS) est de faire en sorte que les gens se sentent plus en sécurité. La RSS consiste à renforcer les structures, les lois et les règlements permettant d’avoir des institutions de sécurité efficaces, redevables devant la population et soumises au contrôle démocratique dans le cadre de l’Etat de droit et le respect des droits humains. C’est la raison pour laquelle, son processus doit, non seulement être partagé par le plus grand nombre mais également être soumis au contrôle de la société civile.

Mardi 31 mars s’est ouvert à l’Ecole de Maintien de la Paix (EMP) Alioune B. Mbeye, et en présence du Ministre malien de la Sécurité et de la Protection Civile ainsi que l’Ambassadrice du Royaume du Danemark au Mali, un atelier sur le thème : « Contrôle démocratique de la Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité : atelier d’information et de sensibilisation sur la Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité au Mali, en vue d’une appropriation nationale ». Etaient conviés à prendre part à ces échanges des 31 mars et 1er avril, des acteurs et experts du Secteur de la Sécurité, des responsables d’Organisations de la Société Civile (OSC), et de la presse.

Co-organisé par l’ONG National Democratic Institute (NDI) et la Section RSS de la MINUSMA, cet atelier s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un programme sous régional initié par le NDI, avec l’appui du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères du Royaume du Danemark et la Norvège. « Ce programme qui couvre le Burkina Faso, le Niger et le Mali, vise à contribuer à la stabilisation du Sahel et à la promotion de la paix, à travers un contrôle démocratique, effectif et responsable du secteur de la sécurité dans ces trois pays » a déclaré le Directeur Résident d’NDI, le Docteur Badié Hima, lors de la cérémonie d’ouverture de l’atelier. L’ambition de ce programme est de renforcer et de professionnaliser les acteurs nationaux des trois pays dans la prise en charge et la gestion des questions sécuritaires, suivant les normes professionnelles et démocratiques, pour assurer la sécurité des populations qui sont les ultimes bénéficiaires de ce programme. Dans chacun de ces trois pays, le programme s’appuie sur trois partenaires principaux que sont : les Ministères en charge de la Sécurité, l’Assemblée Nationale et la Société Civile. « Ce sont là les trois maillons selon nous, essentiels et vitaux, d’une gouvernance démocratique du secteur de la sécurité. Sur le plan sécuritaire et avec en toile de fond, l’adoption de la loi de programmation militaire, par l’Assemblée Nationale du Mali le 20 février 2015, la question de la gouvernance du secteur reste un véritable sujet de préoccupation dans le pays » a ajouté le M. Hima.

Le but de l’atelier est donc clair et au-delà capital : permettre à la Société Civile d’exercer un contrôle sur la Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité en lui donnant les outils nécessaires. Partenaire de cette activité la Section de la Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité et du Désarmement Démobilisation et Réinsertion (RSS/DDR) de la MINUSMA, apporte un soutien stratégique et technique de poids avec entre autre, la mise à disposition d’experts, ou encore le développement des termes de références et l’élaboration de l’agenda de l’atelier. Obtenir un appareil sécuritaire efficace et républicain est d’une telle importance que l’inclusion de la Société Civile dans le contrôle de la Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité est d’une évidente nécessité. « Notre mandat nous confère la responsabilité et le rôle d’appuyer les acteurs nationaux, mais aussi de travailler avec les acteurs internationaux du domaine comme les ONG telles qu’NDI. Cet atelier est le deuxième du genre, le premier a été tenu avec les députés de l’Assemblée Nationale du Mali, afin de mieux les informer sur le rôle qu’ils ont à jouer dans la RSS. Non seulement sur les aspects liés aux lois, mais également au contrôle de l’exécutif qu’ils doivent exercer, à travers notamment, le vote et le contrôle des budgets, car c’est par eux que tout doit passer », a expliqué M. Eric Blaise, Officier de RSS/DDR à la MINUSMA.

Informer et former pour suivre et évaluer

Des exposés d’experts suivis de travaux de groupes, telle fut, durant ces deux jours, la méthode choisie par les organisateurs pour informer et former les participants au concept de Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité. Ainsi, des experts des forces de défense et de sécurité maliennes mais également de la MINUSMA, ont exposé de nombreux thèmes tels que : « Les principes de la Gouvernance du Secteur de la Sécurité (GSS) et de la Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité (RSS) », ou encore « La RSS au Mali ».

Cet atelier aura permis aux acteurs de la Société Civile malienne de repartir mieux préparés, grâce notamment aux présentations faites par les experts de la MINUSMA. « Au cours de nos présentations, nous avons pu exposer les cas d’autres pays comme la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), mais également exposer l’approche des Nations Unies dans le domaine de la RSS avec les dix principes directeurs pour obtenir une bonne réforme, et enfin, une dernière présentation sur l’appropriation nationale via les principes de bases de la gestion de la réforme qui sont : une vision commune de la sécurité nationale, la capacité des acteurs pour la mise en œuvre, le financement et le suivi et l’évaluation de la Réforme. » a déclaré M. Blaise.

Parvenir à une implication réelle et efficace de la Société Civile dans la RSS, nécessite que celle-ci soit indépendante et à « hauteur de situation », tant au niveau technique que matériel. Ainsi, durant ces deux jours, ses forces et faiblesses ont été répertoriées et un plan d’action a été élaboré pour qu’à terme, elle puisse être efficace pour assumer le suivi et l’évaluation effective de la RSS.

Pour les autorités maliennes l’importance de la Réforme et l’implication de la Société Civile ne sont plus à démontrer et relève aussi, d’une volonté politique claire, déjà affichée au plus haut niveau de l’Etat. « Je voudrais me féliciter du choix de la thématique sur la RSS qui reste au cœur des axes prioritaires de l’action gouvernementale définie par le Président de la République […] Le gouvernement est convaincu qu’une grande participation de la société civile peut apporter beaucoup à cette réforme. Nous estimons qu’il est indispensable de rassembler l’ensemble des filles et fils du pays, afin de créer les conditions nécessaires à la réussite des missions de la Réforme », a ainsi affirmé le Général Sada Samaké, Ministre de la Sécurité et de la Protection Civile, avant de déclarer ouvert cet atelier.

En coordonnant les efforts des partenaires internationaux et en appuyant l’Etat et les acteurs locaux impliqués dans l’élaboration et la mise en œuvre de la RSS, la MINUSMA à travers la Section RSS/DDR, met ainsi en œuvre un pan important du mandat de la MINUSMA. La réussite de la RSS demeurant une étape cruciale sur le chemin de la stabilisation du Mali.

La réalisation d’une adduction d’eau potable à Kani-Gougouna (Commune de Wadouba dans le Cercle de Bandiagara) pour un montant de 23 110 200 FCFA ; La dotation en vache et la réhabilitation de la ferme laitière de la coopérative des Femmes « Yiriwèrè nema » de Boni (Cercle de Douentza) pour un montant de 16 952 400 f ; et l’électrification de l’Administration Municipale ainsi que du Centre de santé de la Commune de KONNA (Cercle de Mopti) pour un montant de 12 134 750 FCFA…C’est donc au total plus de 52 millions de francs CFA, qui dans quelques mois, seront injectés dans ces différentes localités de la Région de Mopti par la MINUSMA à travers ces trois Projets à Impact Rapide (QIPs : Quick Impact Project).

Ces annonces ont été faites à l’issue du deuxième comité local d’approbation des QIPs pour l’année 2015. La réunion s’est tenue le 30 mars dernier par Le Bureau régional de la MINUSMA de Mopti, sous la présidence de son chef, M. Ousmane KANE, en présence de l’administrateur régionale (RAO), des représentants des sections des Affaires Civiles, de la Stabilisation et Relèvement et de l’UNPOL de la MINUSMA ainsi que du Bureau de Coordination des Affaires Humanitaires de l’ONU (OCHA).

Selon Amadou KOLA de la section stabilisation et relèvement à Mopti, « l’objectif de cette réunion est d’étudier et d’évaluer les différents projets à impact rapide qui ont été soumis par les différentes sections de la MINUSMA afin d’être approuver pour financement ».

C’est dans ce cadre que les trois projets portés par la division régionale des Affaires civile de Mopti ont été approuvés par le comité.

Le montant exact de l’ensemble de ces projets est de 52 197 350 FCFA entièrement financé par la MINUSMA sur le Fond QIP de la Mission. Ayant pour but de profiter au plus grand nombre, ces projets seront exécutés par des entreprises de la région.

Pour Anastasie Nyirigira, cheffe régionale de la Division des Affaires Civiles de Mopti, « les projets approuvés contribuent à la restauration de l’autorité de l’Etat, à la réduction et prévention des conflits mais aussi au rétablissement de la confiance des populations dans le processus de la paix ». Et spécifiquement « la réalisation de ces projets aura plusieurs impacts : notamment la provision rapide des services administratifs, l’amélioration de la qualité des services pourvus par le CSCOM. Elle donnera de l’eau potable aux habitants du village de Kani-gougouna tandis que les femmes de Boni auront accès aux revenues économiques leur permettant d’assurer le bienêtre de leurs familles. »

Ces 3 projets viennent s’ajouter aux 7 autres déjà approuvés, pour un cout de 151 500 000 FCFA. La majeure partie de ces QIPs sont en cours d’exécution dans la région de Mopti, ils concernent notamment : les prisons de Tenenkou et Douentza ; les réhabilitations des locaux de la police, de la gendarmerie, de la garde et de la protection civile de Sévaré ; mais également les projets de délimitation des passages des animaux dans cinq cercles de la région.

Avec ces trois nouveaux projets à impact rapide, ce sont près de 200 millions de francs CFA qui sont investis par l’ONU, pour soutenir les populations de la région de Mopti et contribuer ainsi à la consolidation de la paix et à la facilitation de l’établissement d’une dynamique efficace de réconciliation entre les communautés.

A propos des "QIPS"

• Les QIPs sont les Quick Imapct Projects, en français : Projets à Impacts Rapides. Ils visent à contribuer au relèvement du pays à travers des appuis matériels ciblés en direction des communautés. D’un montant maximal de 50 000 dollars par projet (soit environ 25 millions de francs CFA), leur exécution est confiée à des entreprises locales pour une durée n’excédant pas 6 mois. Menés par la Section Stabilisation et Relèvement de la MINUSMA sur recommandation des Sections Substantives comme les Affaires Civiles, UNPOL ou encore les Affaires Judiciaires et Pénitentiaires, à ce jour, plusieurs dizaines de QIPs sont envisagés dans le nord du Mali et plus de 10 sont déjà en cours de réalisation. Qu’il s’agisse de la rénovation d’infrastructures de l’Etat, d’aménagements pastoraux ou encore de soutien à des associations, des QIPs ont été menés dans de nombreux domaines. Des postes de police, des prisons ont été rénovés, mais également des machines à coudre ou encore des motos pompes ont déjà été offertes aux communautés par la MINUSMA.

Bamako, Mali | | vendredi 03/04/2015 - 20:17 GMT

par Serge DANIEL

Un homme a péri vendredi dans l'explosion d'une maison à Bamako, selon le gouvernement malien qui parle d'un "événement malheureux", tandis que la gendarmerie évoque la découverte d'un projet d'"attentat de grande envergure".

Le 7 mars, la capitale malienne a été le théâtre d'un attentat qui a visé un bar très fréquenté par les locaux et les expatriés, faisant cinq morts sur place et dans les environs : trois Maliens, un Français et un Belge.

Cette attaque a été revendiquée par le groupe jihadiste Al-Mourabitoune de l'Algérien Mokhtar Belmokhtar. Les forces maliennes ont depuis tué un suspect présenté comme un des auteurs de l'attaque.

Par ailleurs, trois complices présumés ont été arrêtés. Selon des sources proches du dossier, les recherches ciblaient au total une dizaine personnes qui seraient de "véritables terroristes organisés".

Vendredi matin, "une forte explosion s'est produite (...) dans une maison à usage d'habitation à Sirakoro Meguétana, dans la périphérie de Bamako", tuant le gardien de la résidence, un homme de 22 ans, a affirmé le porte-parole du gouvernement malien, Choguel Maïga, dans un communiqué.

Le secteur a été bouclé par les forces de l'ordre, ont constaté des journalistes de l'AFP, qui ont également vu sur place des experts de la Mission de l'ONU au Mali (Minusma), dont des démineurs.

Quatre personnes ont été blessées par la déflagration, qui a aussi détruit en partie la résidence et causé "d'importants dégâts sur les maisons voisines", a précisé M. Maïga.

"Des équipes sécuritaires, judiciaires et médicales ont été dépêchées sur les lieux pour situer les causes réelles de cet accident", le gouvernement assurant que "toute la lumière sera faite sur cet événement malheureux".

• "Acte terroriste en préparation" -

Plus alarmiste, un responsable de la gendarmerie évoque de son côté un projet d'"attentat de grande envergure" découvert par les enquêteurs après l'explosion et l'arrestation du propriétaire de la maison, un commerçant burkinabè.

Interpellé, l'homme a "commencé à donner des détails. (...) C'est un attentat de grande envergure qui se préparait" dans cette maison, a déclaré ce responsable.

"La police et la sécurité de la Minusma se sont rendues sur les lieux. Pour nous, il s'agit clairement d'un acte terroriste (qui était) en préparation" sur place, a aussi affirmé à l'AFP une source sécuritaire au sein de la mission onusienne.

Selon la police, l'explosion a été causée par la manipulation d'engins explosifs. "D'ores et déjà, les services spécialisés ont relevé dans les décombres la présence de composants explosifs dont les origines et la nature seront déterminées" ultérieurement, a précisé le porte-parole du gouvernement.

Le propriétaire de la maison faisait "commerce de composants chimiques utilisés dans l'orpaillage" et il avait "des antécédents judiciaires au Mali", a encore indiqué M. Maïga.

Selon une source sécuritaire et des riverains, le lieu de l'explosion fait face à la maison d'une ressortissante française, qui a été évacuée. Mais rien ne permettait dans l'immédiat d'affirmer qu'elle était visée.

"Nous nous interrogeons sur le lien possible entre cette maison de Sirakoro et le camp de Samanko, où des armes ont été découvertes (début mars, ndlr) avant l'attentat" du 7 mars, a affirmé le responsable de la gendarmerie.

A Gao, la plus grande ville du nord du Mali, une explosion dans un domicile privé avait tué deux personnes le 23 mars. Selon la gendarmerie, elle a été causée par la manipulation d'engins explosifs dans le but de commettre des attentats.

Les propriétaires de cette maison sont soupçonnés d'être proches du Mujao, un des groupes jihadistes ayant contrôlé pendant près de dix mois entre 2012 et début 2013 le vaste Nord malien, avant d'en être chassés en grande partie, à partir de janvier 2013, par une intervention militaire internationale toujours en cours.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

On constate que la tendance des financements entre 2014 et 2015 à la même période, est à la hausse.

Les secteurs qui contribuent à cette hausse sont:
La sécurité alimentaire
La nutrition
La santé
La coordination
Le multi-secteur pour les réfugiés

Bamako, Mali | | Saturday 4/4/2015 - 08:49 GMT

Armed men on motorcycles attacked a village in central Mali, killing two civilians, officials said on Saturday.

Souleymane Diko, a local teacher, said two men on motorcycles had been reported behaving suspiciously three hours earlier.

"We now understand that they were carrying out reconnaissance on the place...," he said.

The assailants fired shots at the police station and town hall on Friday evening, bringing "terror to Boni" and leaving two people dead, one elected local official told AFP.

Boni, while actually situated near the centre of the west African nation, is part of the restive vast swathe of desert referred to as northern Mali.

The region was occupied by jihadists linked to al-Qaeda who imposed a brutal regime of Islamic sharia before they were driven out by a French-led military operation launched in January 2013.

While their command structure was largely smashed, Islamist fighters are still able to carry out sporadic attacks, and security in the region is further threatened by an armed separatist movement.

A Malian security source in Mopti, the nearby regional capital 460 kilometres (285 miles) northeast of Bamako, said army reinforcements had been sent to Boni.

"We don't know yet who these armed men were, but we are looking into their links with armed bandits defeated a few days ago by the Malian army at the border with Burkina Faso, almost in the same area," the source said.

The Malian army said on Wednesday it had killed three gunmen near the border with Burkina Faso.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse

Principaux résultats pour les zones touchées par l’Insécurité Alimentaire.

• Consommation alimentaire : Globalement acceptable mais sous pression ou pire dans certains cercles en raison surtout d’un score de consommation alimentaire pauvre élevé.

• Evolution des moyens d’existence : En dégradation notamment dans le Sahel Occidental et les régions de Tombouctou, Gao, Kidal.

• Nutrition : Taux de malnutrition aigüe au‐dessus du seuil d’alerte et structurellement préoccupant.

• Mortalité : Pas d’information récente excepté dans les régions de Gao et Kidal qui ont été couverte par le dernier SMART et où les taux sont acceptables dans l’ensemble excepté à Bourem où les taux sont élevés.

Points saillants

• Etat d’approvisionnement des marchés en céréales : Malgré une baisse de l’offre sur les marché ruraux, il est jugé bon dans l’ensemble tenant compte de la poursuite des récoltes de contre saison, de la multiplicité des zones pourvoyeuses de céréales et du niveau record de la dernière production céréalière.

• Tendance des prix des céréales : Comparés au mois de janvier 2015 ; les prix des céréales sur les marchés de consommation sont plus ou moins stables (sauf ceux du maïs à Tombouctou +13% et à Kayes +8%). Les prix à la production connaissent une tendance générale à la hausse, tandis que ceux de gros sont restés plus ou moins stables.Par rapport à la moyenne quinquennale, les prix à consommation et à la production sont en baisses.

• Termes de l’échange (ToT) petits ruminants/céréales :De façon globale, sont en détérioration par rapport au mois passé (Gao -1% ; Mopti -1% ; Tombouctou -5%).

• La crise de l’Ebola n’influence pas les marchés maliens.

• L’insécurité perturbe négativement le fonctionnement des marchés dans les régions du nord et limite l’accès des ménages aux marchés.

Kano, Nigeria | | Saturday 4/4/2015 - 21:55 GMT

At least four people were killed Saturday when suspected Boko Haram fighters raided a local market in a village near the northeast Nigerian city of Maiduguri, security sources said.

Scores of Boko Haram gunmen stormed Kayamla village, 20 kilometres (12.5 miles) from Maiduguri, capital of restive Borno state, and opened fire on a weekly market, killing four traders, a senior security official in Maiduguri told AFP.

The attackers looted food stores and took away livestock from the market before fleeing into the bush, said the security official, ‎who asked not to be named.

"It was obvious they were looking for food to replenish their supplies because they didn't target residents as they normally would," the official said.

The attack on the village was the sixth in as many months, according to vigilantes in the area.

Troops and vigilantes mobilised from the nearby town of Konduga ‎to the village but the attackers left before the troops arrived, said Abubakar Sani, who was among the vigilantes that accompanied troops to the village.

"When we reached Kayamla the gunmen had left," Sani said.

"We found four dead traders in the deserted market and we were told by residents that the attackers took away food supplies and livestock," he said.

This was the first Boko Haram raid in a few days, although an explosion outside a bus station in the northeastern city of Gombe on Thursday that killed 10 people was blamed on the Islamists‎.

Sweeping offensives against the Islamists ‎by a regional coalition involving troops from Nigeria, Chad, Niger and Cameroon appear to have substantially weakened Boko Haram's capabilities.

Last Saturday Nigeria held presidential and parliamentary elections that were generally peaceful despite Islamist attacks on polling stations in parts of the northeast that killed nine voters.

Boko Haram leader Abubakar Shekau had threatened to disrupt the elections.

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© 1994-2015 Agence France-Presse