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Guatemala: Gobierno asistirá con alimentos a familias campesinas afectadas por falta lluvias

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Source: Government of Guatemala
Country: Guatemala

El titular del Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Alimentación (MAGA), Elmer López, informó que el Gobierno del presidente Otto Pérez Molina cuenta con 140.000 despensas de alimentos que distribuirá entre familias campesinas, cuyas siembras de maíz no se lograron por efecto de la canícula.

El fenómeno natural de esta época del año impactó de manera negativa en regiones del Corredor Seco del país, donde es habitual la falta de lluvias que causa déficit en la producción de alimentos.

El funcionario dijo que el MAGA realizará una evaluación de la situación en 28 municipios de la región, para determinar los posibles daños causados por la falta de lluvia en julio. También definirá el apoyo humanitario para las comunidades damnificadas.

“La planificación que habíamos hecho tiene que ver mucho con la situación que está pasando. Tenemos 140.000 despensas de alimentos disponibles (maíz, frijol, aceite y azúcar, entre otros productos), y el cálculo que hemos hecho es que hay unas 40.000 familias afectadas”, dijo.

Señaló que el área del Corredor Seco produce el 10 por ciento del maíz a nivel nacional y se tiene previsto que se pierda el 40 por ciento de esa producción.

“No tendríamos una alteración de precios del maíz”, debido a que “mantendremos una producción de entre 38 y 40 millones de quintales, que básicamente es similar a la cantidad del 2013”, destacó.

La proyección para el presente año era de 42 millones de quintales del grano básico, producción que no se podrá alcanzar por la falta de lluvias.

El sur de Retalhuleu, Santa Rosa, Jutiapa, Jalapa, Chiquimula, Zacapa, El Progreso y Baja Verapaz son los departamentos afectados y en algunos de sus municipios se podría perder hasta el 40 por ciento de las cosechas de maíz, según estimaciones del MAGA.


Mali: The first victims heard by courts of justice against the backdrop of political negotiations : the fight against impunity must not be sacrificed

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Source: Fédération Internationale des Ligues des Droits de I'Homme
Country: Mali

Bamako, Paris, Nairobi, 23 July 2014 – Victims of grave human rights violations during the conflict in the North of Mali in 2012 who were civil parties and accompagnied by FIDH and AMDH testified, for the first time, before Malian courts. Though these auditions constitute a first step to give a voice to the victims, our organisations fear that the fight against impunity of perpetrators of the most serious crimes will be called into question by the ongoing political negotiations and the exchange of alleged authors of human rights violations against war prisonners. Our organisations reaffirm the importance of political negotiations leading to a final and inclusive peace agreement, but reject all impunity for authors of the most serious crimes, impunity being one of the current conflict’s root causes.

Several grave human rights violations victims have been heard by Malian investigating judges the last few days. These auditions are the first victims who were civil parties in the judicial proceedings opened by national courts on the crimes perpetrated in the North of Mali under the control of armed groups.

« That Malian investigating judges can hear for the first time victims of grave human rights violations perpetrated in the North of Mali is a first victory for all the victims who want their story to be heard, the truth to be revealed, and their persecutors to be judged » declared Maître Patrick Baudouin, head of the Legal Action Group and Honorary President of FIDH.

On 24 June 2014, AMDH and FIDH met the President who had reaffirmed to the delegation his attachment to a peaceful and negotiated solution, while at the same time allowing no impunity for authors of human rights violations.

« Political negotiations are an imperative in order to reach a final and inclusive peace agreement respecting national unity but would be a failure if the victims’ rights to justice, truth and reparation were not guaranteed » declared Maître Moctar Mariko, President of AMDH.

On 15 July 2014, the Malian government proceeded to release and exchange 42 armed groupes elements, presumed perpetrators of grave human rights violations and charged by Malian courts, against 45 armed and security forces elements captured by armed groups during the 17 May 2014 fights in Kidal. This prisoners exchange occured on the eve of the opening of the political negotiations, on 16 July 2014 in Alger.

«Though we understand the humanitarian reasons of this exchange, such political liberations can be detrimental to the legitimate rights of the victims to see their judicial proceedings for the crimes committed in the North, move forward, in particular guarantee that the perpetrators are held accountable during a just and fair trial » declared M. Karim Lahidji, President of FIDH.

These events occur against the backdrop of increased fighting and armed confrontation between the warring factions with the aim of being in a position of strength during the political negotiations that started in Alger on 16 July 2014.

Thus, 10 July 2014 in Tabankort’s surroundings (near Anéfis), the armed elements of the National Movement for the Liberation of the Azawad (MNLA), of the High Council for Unicity of Azawad (HCUA) and the Azawad Arab Movement (MAA) violently clashed with men from the tripartite coalition. This coalition, close to Bamako’s authorities, is formed of a part of the Azawad Arab Movement led by Ahmed Sidi Ould Mohamed (a MAA loyalist), by members of the Imghads Tuareg tribe and by the Coordination of patriotic movements and resistance forces (CM-FPR).

On 15 July 2014, a suicide attack claimed later by Mocktar Belmoktar’s jihadist group Al-Mourabitoune, a former AQMI leader, targeted French forces in Al Moustarat surroundings, 100 kilometres from Gao. 7 French soldiers were wounded by the explosion. One of the three severely injured soldiers, the legionnaire Dejvid Nikolic, died during the evening according to French authorities. It is the ninth soldier to be killed in Mali since the launching of the Serval operation in January 2013 and the first one to die as a result of a suicide attack, although such operations already took place in the North of the country against barracks where french and african soldiers were stationed.

Since 20 July 2014, violent clashes between armed groups claiming to belong to the Azawad Arab Movement (MAA) on one side and to the National Movement for the Liberation of the Azawad on the other took place in Tarkint in the Bourem circle.

Background :

On 18 June 2013, the Malian government and the coordination of the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) and the High Council for unicity of Azawad (HCUA) reached a « preliminary agreement to the presidential election and inclusive talks for peace in Mali » in Ouagadougou, which made the presidential elections possible, in July and August 2013. This agreement provided for the reaching of a final agreement 60 days after the presidential election, the cantonment of armed groups, the establishment of an international investigating Commission on the crimes perpetrated in the North, and for « confidence-building measures » to be taken. Despite these engagements, the international investigating Commission has still not been established.

In October 2013, the Malian government has lifted 6 arrest warrants and has freed 23 MNLA and HCUA elements.

On 17 May 2014, during the Prime Minister Moussa Mara’s visit to Kidal, eight Malian officials were killed in the governorate and 32 others were arrested during heavy fighting between the Malian security forces and the armed groups before they were released on 19 May 2014.

On 21 May 2014, the Malian armed forces launched a sustained attack against the armed groups in Kidal which resulted in about 60 deaths and several dozens of FAMA prisonners and dozens of deaths within the armed groups, in particular the MNLA and HCUA.

In view of this escalation of violence and ceasefire violations, our organisations had exhorted the parties to come to the negotiating table.

The political negotiations which opened in Alger on 16 July 2014, involve on one side the Malian government and the Coordination of resistance movements and patriotic forces (CMF-PR), and on the other side the armed groups of the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA), the High Council for Unicity of Azawad (HCUA), and the Arab Movement of Azawad (MAA). The coordination of resistance movements and patriotic forces (CMF-PR) involve the elements of Ganda-Koy’s pro-governmental armed militias, of the Liberation Front of Northern regions of Mali (FLN), of Ganda-Izo, of the Alliance of Tombouctou region communities (ACRT), of the Armed Force against occupation (FACO), and the learning and Action Cercle (CRA).

Under the auspices of the United Nations, of the CEDEAO and of 5 countries of the region including Algeria, the political negotiations must enable the reaching of a peace agreement in line with Mali’s territorial integrity according to the terms negotiated during long months in view of these negotiations.

Press contacts :

Audrey Couprie (French, English, Spanish) - Tel : +33 6 48 05 91 57 (in Paris) – Email : presse@fidh.org

World: Oxfam Annual Report & Accounts 2013/14

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Source: Oxfam
Country: Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Colombia, Georgia, Ghana, Jordan, Lebanon, Mali, Nepal, Niger, occupied Palestinian territory, Pakistan, Philippines, Syrian Arab Republic, United Republic of Tanzania, World, Yemen, South Sudan
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Last year was highly challenging for Oxfam. We responded to 27 devastating emergencies, including a humanitarian crisis of staggering proportions in Syria, and supported the efforts of millions of hard-working people facing the injustice of poverty.

All that we do is only possible because of the contributions of our supporters, volunteers, activists, partners, staff, and the communities we work with around the world. Read our Annual Report to find out how we did it.

Niger: Des activités conjointes contre l'insécurité alimentaire au Niger

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Source: Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development
Country: Niger

[ACTED News] - Depuis plusieurs années, le Niger connaît des épisodes de crises alimentaires de plus en plus rapprochés qui empêchent les populations les plus pauvres de se relever et entrainent une insécurité alimentaire structurelle, encore accentuée en période de soudure. La campagne agro pastorale de 2013-2014 n’échappe pas à la règle avec un déficit de production important dans certaines régions, notamment dans le département de Banibangou, dans lequel intervient ACTED.

Afin de soutenir les populations très pauvres pendant la période de soudure (de juin à septembre) dans cette zone, ACTED appuiera 2 800 ménages par l’intermédiaire de transferts d’argent durant ces 4 mois. Chaque ménage recevra une enveloppe de 32 500 FCFA par mois (montant défini par le gouvernement nigérien suite au plan de soutien en période de soudure). Une distribution de compléments alimentaires à destination des enfants de 6 à 23 mois et des femmes enceintes et allaitantes en partenariat avec le PAM aura également lieu. L’appui nutritionnel sera accompagné de séances de dépistage effectuées auprès des enfants de 6 à 59 mois afin de mieux prévenir la malnutrition. Les enfants dépistés malnutris seront référencés pour être pris en charge.

ACTED met en place ces activités avec quatre ONG internationales (ACF-E, Oxfam, Concern Worldwide et Save the Children), et avec l’appui du département d’Aide humanitaire de la Commission européenne. Au total, le programme soutiendra 28 400 ménages dans trois régions du Niger (Tillabery, Tahoua et Zinder).

Outre qu’il permet de couvrir une grande partie du pays, le travail en commun des 5 ONG dans le cadre de ce projet doit permettre une meilleure coordination, une harmonisation des approches et une mutualisation des outils et des bonnes pratiques. Les outils et méthodes de ciblage et de suivi & évaluation sont ainsi harmonisées pour toutes les organisations. Les 5 ONG espèrent également influencer la compréhension et la réflexion globale sur le transfert d’argent, et son impact au niveau nutritionnel et de la sécurité alimentaire, ainsi que sur les dispositifs de protection sociale au Niger, via des initiatives de plaidoyer, et la communication et le partage des leçons apprises.

Senegal: Analyse globale de la vulnérabilité, de la sécurité́ alimentaire et de la nutrition - Juillet 2014

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Source: World Health Organization, World Food Programme, UN Children's Fund, Government of Senegal
Country: Senegal
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Résumé Exécutif

Messages clefs :

  • Au Sénégal, environ 16 pour cent de la population est en situation d’insécurité alimentaire. Ces ménages ont une consommation alimentaire déficiente (très déficiente pour ceux en situation sévère) et ils ne peuvent satisfaire leurs besoins alimentaires minimaux sans recourir à des stratégies d’adaptation irréversibles.

  • Une proportion très élevée de ménages sont en insécurité alimentaire dans les régions de Sédhiou (58%), Kolda (42%), Ziguinchor (39%), Matam (38%) et Kédougou (33%), régions traditionnellement sujettes à l’insécurité alimentaire. Ces régions avaient fortement été touchées par la crise alimentaire de 2012 et les ménages souffrent toujours de ses conséquence : leurs capacités de résilience se sont érodées et une partie de la population est toujours en situation de grande vulnérabilité.

  • Dans l’ensemble du pays, environ 42 pour cent des ménages sont en situation de sécurité alimentaire limite.
    Ces ménages ont une consommation alimentaire tout juste adéquate sans recourir à des stratégies d’adaptation irréversibles mais ne peuvent pas se permettre certaines dépenses non alimentaires essentielles.

  • Ces dernières années, les ménages sénégalais ont subi une série de catastrophes naturelles (sécheresse en 2006, 2007 et 2011 et inondations en 2009 et 2012) et de chocs économiques (hausse des prix des produits alimentaires en 2008, crise financière mondiale de 2009 et une nouvelle flambée des prix en 2011) qui ont accru leur vulnérabilité.

  • Les ménages ont subi une érosion de leur capacité de faire face à des chocs comme en témoigne le recours fréquent à des stratégies qui mettent en péril leurs moyens de subsistance.

CONTEXTE

Situé sur la côte atlantique, à l’extrême ouest du continent africain, le Sénégal, pays sahélien, est un des pays les moins développés de la planète. En 2013, il était classé 154ième sur 186 pays sur l’Indice du Développement Humain (IDH). En 2011, 46,7 pour cent de la population vivait en dessous du seuil de pauvreté et 15 pour cent était en situation d’extrême pauvreté. De nombreux objectifs du millénaire ne seront pas atteints à l’échéance de 2015. Ainsi les prévalences de la malnutrition, de la mortalité maternelle et de la pauvreté demeurent particulièrement élevées.

Avec un taux de croissance de seulement 3,3 pour cent depuis 2006, le pays n’a pas bénéficié de la croissance économique rapide qu’ont connu d’autres pays d’Afrique subsaharienne au cours de la décennie écoulée. Les mauvaises performances économiques du pays s’expliquent par le poids du secteur agricole (50% de la population; 18% du PIB), un climat défavorable à l’investissement et aux affaires (mauvaise gouvernance, manque d’infrastructures, manque de ressources humaines) et une perte de compétitivité.

Les ressources les plus importantes du pays sont la pêche, le tourisme et, dans le secteur agricole, la production d’arachide (principale culture de rente du pays). L’économie dépend aussi des transferts de fonds internationaux pour soutenir la demande intérieure.
L'agriculture joue un rôle majeur dans l'économie du Sénégal: environ 72 pour cent des ménages la pratiquent.

Mais ce secteur doit faire face à divers défis: assurer avec de moins en moins de bras la sécurité alimentaire d’une population qui croît et s’urbanise rapidement, capter les opportunités dans les marchés domestique et régional et créer de nouvelles opportunités d’emplois agricoles et non agricoles.11 Au Sénégal, l’insécurité alimentaire reste une préoccupation constante. Ainsi une grande partie de la population du pays dépend de l’agriculture pratiquée de manière traditionnelle et est dans un état de vulnérabilité chronique en raison de la récurrence des chocs climatiques. Par ailleurs, le pays doit importer près de 70 pour cent de ses besoins alimentaires, principalement le riz, le blé et le maïs. Cette dépendance vis-à-vis des marchés mondiaux expose les ménages aux fluctuations des prix et à une plus grande vulnérabilité.

En 2013, les Nations Unies et leur partenaires avaient estimé qu’environ 2,2 millions de personnes étaient à risque d’insécurité alimentaire suite à l’augmentation de leur vulnérabilité conséquence des crises à répétition des années précédentes et l’impact du manque de pluie en 2011/ 2012 dans certaines régions.

Nigeria: Climate Prediction Center’s Africa Hazards Outlook, July 31 – August 6, 2014

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Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Country: Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, South Sudan
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  • Heavy rains in parts of eastern Sudan resulted in flooding which damaged infrastructure.

  • Ground conditions continue to deteriorate due to poor rains in northeastern Nigeria, western Chad and Senegal.

1) Since early June, seasonal rainfall has been both suppressed and infrequent across northeastern Nigeria leading to a strengthening of moisture deficits. While there is a chance for some relief with increased rainfall forecast during the upcoming outlook period, anomalously dry ground conditions are expected to persist, which still may negatively impact developing crops later into the season.

2) Although much of western Ethiopia has experienced favorable amounts of rainfall during the last two months and recent rains have improved in quantity in eastern Ethiopia, poorly distributed rains in parts of eastern Amhara, eastern Tigray, and northern Oromia have been consistently below-average since June.

3) A continued sluggish start to seasonal rainfall across much of Senegal has led to deteriorating ground conditions and growing early season rainfall deficits dating back to June. With little rain forecast for the upcoming period, rainfall deficits are expected to grow, potentially impacting cropping activities.

4) Heavy rains during the past week in the Darfur region of Sudan caused flooding which destroyed shelters in parts of Central Darfur. With heavy and above-average rain forecast for the next week, additional flooding is likely.

Guatemala: Daños en la Región (30 Julio 2014)

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Source: Redhum
Country: Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico (The United States of America), United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
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Fuente: Prensa Libre

Guatemala: Sequía afecta a 40 mil familias del Corredor Seco

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Source: Redhum
Country: Guatemala

Fuente: Siglo XXI

Al menos 40 mil familias han resultado afectadas por la sequía causada por el fenómeno de "El Niño", según los cálculos preliminares del Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Alimentación (MAGA).

La falta de lluvias dañó cultivos de maíz en unos 28 municipios de 8 departamentos que se ubican en el denominado Corredor Seco del este y norte del país, de acuerdo con el ministro de Agricultura, Elmer López.

Según las autoridades, aún se realizan la evaluación en la región, en donde, de acuerdo con el Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (Insivumeh), no ha llovido desde el pasado 9 de julio.

El funcionario añadió que las estimaciones preliminares dan cuenta de unas 40 mil familias afectadas en los departamentos de Santa Rosa, Jutiapa, Jalapa, El Progreso, Zacapa, Chiquimula, Alta y Baja Verapaz.

El Ministro indicó que la falta de lluvia debido al fenómeno de "El Niño" podría causar la pérdida de un 40% de la producción de maíz en esas regiones.

Sin embargo, aclaró que el MAGA está preparado con más de 5 mil toneladas de alimentos así como con 140 mil raciones de comida para asistir a las familias que resulten damnificadas por el fenómeno climático.

La producción de maíz se estima para 2014 entre 38 y 40 millones de sacos de un quintal cada uno, por lo que el abastecimiento está garantizado, sostuvo.

De acuerdo con el Insivumeh, unas ondas del Este han causado que en algunas regiones del país, incluida la capital, comience a llover, pero en el Corredor Seco la falta de precipitaciones se puede prolongar hasta la próxima semana.


World: African Solidarity Trust Fund - by Africans for Africans

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Source: Food and Agriculture Organization
Country: Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Malawi, Mali, Niger, World, South Sudan
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A unique, Africa-led fund to improve agriculture and food security across the continent has become a reality. Officially launched in June 2013 with funding totalling over US $ 40 million from Equatorial Guinea, Angola and group of civil society organizations in the Republic of Congo.

Senegal: Senegal: Découpage administratif du pays

Guatemala: Guatemala Perspectiva de Seguridad Alimentaria - julio a diciembre 2014

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Guatemala
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Pobres lluvias reducirán la producción de granos básicos

MENSAJES CLAVE

  • Uno de cada cinco hogares extremadamente pobres en algunos municipios del oriente y el altiplano, altamente dependientes del café, tendrán dificultades para llenar sus necesidades alimentarias, incluso recurriendo a acciones que debilitan su capacidad de respuesta futura. Por lo tanto, se clasificarán en Crisis (Fase 3, CIF) de julio a septiembre.

  • Dado que el altiplano es una región con una sola cosecha, la clasificación de Crisis continuará hasta la salida de la misma, en diciembre, cuando las condiciones serán de Estrés (Fase 2, CIF). Dadas la reducción en cultivos e ingresos, se prevé que la situación alimentaria se deteriore más rápido y temprano de lo normal durante el primer trimestre de 2015.

  • Una canícula extendida y menores lluvias, debido una transición hacia un posible El Niño, ocasionarán menores rendimientos para las cosechas de subsistencia de Primera y Postrera, particularmente en el corredor seco. Sin embargo, estas mejorarán los resultados de seguridad alimentaria durante el último trimestre del año, clasificando esta última área en Estrés (Fase 2, CIF) y el resto del país en Mínima inseguridad alimentaria (Fase 1, CIF).

Burkina Faso: Synthèse Globale des données des réfugiés maliens au Burkina Faso - 30 juin 2014

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Burkina Faso, Mali
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Mali: Mali: SRP 2014 Suivi des Financements au 31 Juillet 2014 (montant en million de $US)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Mali
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FONDS REQUIS: $ 568.4

NON COUVERT: $ 192.3

FINANCEMENTS: $ 376.1

Burkina Faso: Burkina faso : Présence des partenaires opérationnels (3W:OP) Juillet 2014 - Tous les programmes

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Burkina Faso
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Mali: Mali Perspectives sur la sécurité alimentaire juillet 2014 - décembre 2014

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Mali
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L’accès alimentaire s'améliorera grâce à de nouvelles récoltes en octobre

MESSAGES CLÉS

  • L’insécurité alimentaire aigüe de type Stress (Phase 2 ! de l’IPC) dans les régions de Tombouctou, Gao, Kidal, sur le plateau de Bandiagara et dans le sahel occidental ne devrait pas s’aggraver de juillet à septembre à cause des distributions de vivres aux 1 900 000 personnes selon le Plan National de Réponse du Gouvernement appuyé par les agences humanitaires.

  • En général, le cumul pluviométrique saisonnier sera autour de la moyenne à inférieur à la moyenne pendant la saison des pluies en cours.

  • Cependant, une bonne répartition des pluies ainsi que des appuis importants en intrants agricoles peuvent mitiger les impacts d’un cumul inférieur à la moyenne et garantir une production agricole de 2014/2015 moyenne à supérieure à la moyenne. Ces pluies amélioreront aussi la disponibilité des pâturages et de l'eau pour le bétail, à son tour contribué à une augmentation de l’embonpoint des animaux et la disponibilité du lait.

  • En octobre, la consommation alimentaire va s'améliorer et revenir à des niveaux normaux saisonniers à cause des bons termes de l’échange bétail/céréales, de la disponibilité des produits laitiers pour les ménages pasteurs et des récoltes des cultures pour les ménages agropastoraux. Toutes les régions du pays seront en insécurité alimentaire Minimale aigue (Phase 1 de l’IPC) d’octobre à décembre.


Malawi: Southern Africa Price Bulletin July 2014

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
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Most households in Southern Africa depend on maize as their main source of food and energy, given the high volumes and ease with which it is produced. Alternative food crops that are consumed as substitutes include rice, wheat, sorghum, millet, and tubers such as cassava and potatoes. Consumption of these substitutes occurs mainly when maize is not available or among those households in areas where such substitutes are more easily available (for example, cassava in northern Mozambique). The majority of rural households do grow the other cereals — especially sorghum and millet, which are more drought resilient — in relatively small quantities as a buffer in bad production years for maize. Furthermore, wealthier households (especially in urban areas) with access to a variety of costlier cereals (such as rice and wheat) do consume them to diversify their diets. While wheat is widely consumed in the form of bread, it is produced in relatively small quantities in the region. South Africa is the only country that produces substantial amounts, but still in quantities insufficient to meet domestic requirements. South Africa is also the region’s major producer of maize and acts as a major supplier and exporter. In years of relative maize surplus, sizable amounts of both formal and informal cross border trade occurs between neighboring countries.

Somalia: Humanitarian Implementation Plan (HIP) Horn of Africa (ECHO/-HF/BUD/2014/91000) Last update: 31/07/2014 Version 2

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Source: European Commission Humanitarian Aid department
Country: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda, South Sudan

AMOUNT: EUR 94 000 000

0. MAJOR CHANGE SINCE THE PREVIOUS VERSION OF THE HIP

In Somalia, the humanitarian situation today shows many parallels to the period ahead of the devastating 2011 drought that triggered a declaration of famine, which caused the excess deaths of 258 000 people the majority of them being children under five.

In April 2014, FSNAU (the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit) and humanitarian partners estimated that 857 000 people were still in acute food security crisis and emergency (IPC Phases 3 and 4) and would need urgent humanitarian assistance and livelihood protection support. A majority of these people (74%) were IDPs (Internally Displaced Persons). An additional 2 million people were classified as Stressed (IPC Phase 2) and in need of livelihood support in order to build their resilience against future shocks.

In July 2014, the Government of Somalia has declared a drought in six regions in South- Central Somalia, namely in Gedo, Bakool, Galgadud, Hiraan and Lower and Middle Shabelle. This confirms the 7th July the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit ( FSNAU) and the Somalia Water and Land Information Management (SWALIM) warnings highlighting that Somalia's food security crisis could worsen over the next months and expecting a severe water shortage. The preliminary results of the FSNAU post-Gu assessment to be issued beginning of September confirm an expected deterioration in large areas of the country.

Since the beginning of the year, several shocks have adversely impacted on the food security and nutrition situation:

• Displacement in parts of Southern Somalia following the military offensive against insurgents started in March (72 700 additional displacements since March according to UNHCR);

• Late and largely below normal Gu (April-June) rainfall in most parts of Somalia;

• A general sharp increase in cereal prices (due to low carryover stocks from the below average 2013/14 Deyr harvest and market expectations for a poor 2014 Gu harvest prospect);

• A review of the nutrition data collected from health facilities across Somalia for the January- April 2014 period showed variation, with persistence of Critical- Very Critical levels of acute malnutrition reported in South central regions and increasing trends of acute malnutrition reported in Northwest Agro pastorals, Hawd and Addun livelihoods in North and Central regions • Post Gu nutrition assessment shows that prevalence of acute malnutrition is critical in 6 out of 12 IDPs' settlement surveyed;

• Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) exceeding 15 % accompanied by a Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) rate of 5.5 % and a Crude Death Rate (CDR) of more than 1/10 000/day suggests an emergency situation exists among Mogadishu IDPs.

In the context of limited humanitarian funding, drought and conflicts resulted in looming shortfall in cereal production and increased cereal prices. These are the major factors affecting the food security situation (both rural and urban livelihoods) in the post-Gu 2014 period (Aug-December). The worst affected areas where deterioration is expected include: Bakool (agro-pastoral and urban); parts of agro-pastoral livelihood of Gedo and Middle Juba regions; Hiraan (agro-pastoral, riverine and urban); parts of Lower Shabelle region; Cowpea Belt of Central Somalia. A warning has been issued by the UN on 26 July concerning the alarming malnutrition rates in Mogadishu where aid agencies cannot meet the increasing needs of the 350 000 IDPs due to insufficient funds and restricted access.

Several early warning alerts have been issued by specialist technical bodies such as FSNAU, Fewsnet, SWALIM, by a coalition of 26 NGOs, and by OCHA in the last weeks and months.
Valerie Amos, UN Emergency Response Coordinator, briefed the UN Security Council on this worrying situation on 4th June, highlighting the reduction in donor funding in 2014 and asking for an immediate injection of US$60 million to address urgent food, nutrition and healthcare needs.

To date, US$299 million have been committed by donors for humanitarian assistance in Somalia in 2014, yet only US$269 million have been reported as received against the appeal of US$933 million, covering just 29% of funding needs. Within the shortfall, the clusters have therefore identified the most urgent life-saving priorities to be implemented in the next 3 months at a cost of US$60 million.

UNICEF has warned it may have to suspend its primary health care programme due to lack of funding. At the same time, an emergency response is needed to contain a new measles outbreak that could further increase mortality related to malnutrition. UNICEF is also running out of specialized nutrition products needed to ensure the survival of tens of thousands of malnourished children. Meanwhile, the month of April saw a sharp increase in admissions to nutrition treatment programmes.

Mali: West Africa Price Bulletin July 2014

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
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West Africa can be divided into three agro-ecological zones or three different trade basins (West Basin, Central Basin and East Basin). Both important for understanding market behavior and dynamics.

The three major agro-ecological zones are the Sahelian, the Sudanese and the Coastal zones where production and consumption can be easily classified. (1) In the Sahelian zone, millet is the principal cereal cultivated and consumed particularly in rural areas and increasingly, when accessible, in urban areas. Exceptions include Cape Verde where maize and rice are most important, Mauritania where sorghum and maize are staples, and Senegal with rice. The principal substitutes in the Sahel are sorghum, rice, and cassava flour (Gari), the latter two in times of shortage. (2) In the Sudanese zone (southern Chad, central Nigeria, Benin, Ghana, Togo, Côte d'Ivoire, southern Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal, Guinea Bissau, Serra Leone, Liberia) maize and sorghum constitute the principal cereals consumed by the majority of the population. They are followed by rice and tubers, particularly cassava and yam. (3) In the Coastal zone, with two rainy seasons, yam and maize constitute the most important food products. They are supplemented by cowpea, which is a significant source of protein.

The three trade basins are known as the West, Central, and East basins. In addition to the north to south movement of particular commodities, certain cereals flow horizontally. (1) The West basin refers to Mauritania, Senegal, western Mali, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and The Gambia where rice is most heavily traded. (2) The Central basin consists of Côte d'Ivoire, central and eastern Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Togo where maize is commonly traded. (3) The East basin refers to Niger, Nigeria, Chad, and Benin where millet is traded most frequently. These three trade basins are shown on the map above.

Guatemala: Central America and Caribbean Price Bulletin July 2014

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama
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The main staple foods produced and consumed throughout most of Central America and the Caribbean are maize, rice, and beans; the latter constituting a key source of protein for poor households. In Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua white maize, mostly consumed in the form of tortillas, and red or black beans are preferred, while in Costa Rica and Panama rice dominates in production and consumption. In Haiti, the primary staples are rice, black beans, and maize.

In Central America, there are typically two main growing seasons: the Primera (April-September) during which maize is primarily produced, and the Postrera (August-December) during which bean production dominates. The Apante season (November-March) is a third growing season during which beans are produced in south-central Nicaragua, northern Guatemala, and northern Honduras. In Haiti, there are several growing seasons. Maize is produced during the Primavera season (April-September). Black beans are produced over two seasons in Haiti’s humid and mountainous areas. The first season spans from March to May and the second from July to October. Beans are also produced in the country’s irrigated and humid mountainous areas during a third, fall season from December to January.

White maize and beans are commonly traded between Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica in Central America. The market in San Salvador in El Salvador is considered the most important regional market for these staple foods and is well integrated with the rest of the region; due to the high levels of commercial exchange it hosts both with regional and international markets. Other important trade hubs include Guatemala City (Guatemala), San Pedro Sula and Tegucigalpa (Honduras), Chontales and Managua (Nicaragua), San Jose (Costa Rica) and Panama City (Panama). The Dominican Republic is Haiti’s main source for imported maize, beans, and tubers. Haiti relies heavily on the United States for rice imports, for about 80 percent of consumption needs.

Senegal: Senegal Bulletin des Prix juillet 2014

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Senegal
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Au Sénégal, le riz, le mil, le sorgho et le maïs constituent la base de l’alimentation des ménages. L’arachide représente aussi bien une source importante de protéine et communément une culture de rente. Le riz importé est consommé quotidiennement par la grande majorité des ménages, particulièrement dans les centres urbains de Dakar et Touba. Le riz produit localement dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal y est consommé. St. Louis est le principal marché dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal. Le mil est consommé dans les régions centrales où Kaolack représente le marché régional le plus important. Le maïs est produit et consommé dans les zones autour de Kaolack,Tambacounda et dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal. Du maïs est aussi importé, principalement du marché international. Il existe une forte demande pour tous les produits à Touba et à Dakar. La récolte des céréales et celle de l’arachide débutent en Octobre et les stocks de céréales locales baissent de niveau tout au long de l’année de commercialisation qui s’achève en Octobre.

Le Sénégal dépend plus des importations à partir du marché international, surtout le riz, que du commerce transfrontalier qui concerne essentiellement le bétail provenant du Mali et de la Mauritanie pour approvisionner Dakar et les marchés environnants.

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